中級(jí)美國(guó)英語形容詞比較級(jí)
一.本課要點(diǎn)及示例
在這一課里, 我們要學(xué)習(xí)形容詞比較級(jí), 像是: "比較高", "比較好" 等等.現(xiàn)在我們先聽一段對(duì)話, 內(nèi)容是說亨利跟他表妹蘇珊在電話里話家常. 我請(qǐng)兩位英文老師用正常速度念這段對(duì)話, 請(qǐng)你注意聽英文老師的發(fā)音和語調(diào).
M: Hello, Susan. How is everything in New York?
F: Never better, Henry. How are you? How is the family?
M: Everyone's fine. But actually, I'm feeling a little tired these days.
F: You're getting older, Henry, and you are heavier than you used to be.
M: Everyone gets older. But you look younger than ever. What's your secret?
F: There is no secret. I get more exercise than you. And I am careful about my diet. You should too.
M: You are right. When the weather is warmer, I'll do it.
F: No, Henry. You should start now.
M: Okey. I will start today. Thank you for the advice.
現(xiàn)在我們把整段對(duì)話再聽一遍. 可是英文老師念得比較慢, 你注意聽, 看看能懂多少.
M: Hello, Susan. How is everything in New York?
F: Never better, Henry. How are you? How is the family?
M: Everyone's fine. But actually, I'm feeling a little tired these days.
F: You're getting older, Henry, and you are heavier than you used to be.
M: Everyone gets older. But you look younger than ever. What's your secret?
F: There is no secret. I get more exercise than you. And I am careful about my diet. You should too.
M: You are right. When the weather is warmer, I'll do it.
F: No, Henry. You should start now.
M: Okey. I will start today. Thank you for the advice.
在剛才那段對(duì)話里有不少比較級(jí)用法, 現(xiàn)在我挑出幾個(gè)例子, 請(qǐng)英文老師用慢速度再念一遍給你聽:
F: Never better.
F: You're getting older.
F: You are heavier than you used to be.
M: Everyone gets older.
M: You look younger than ever.
M: When the weather is warmer, I'll do it.
二.形容詞比較級(jí)
聽了剛才那段對(duì)話, 也許你已經(jīng)注意到在英文里形容詞比較級(jí)就是在一般短的形容詞后面加上 e-r, 比方 "高" 是 tall, t-a-l-l, tall, "比較高" 就是 taller, t-a-l-l-e-r, taller.
下面我們給你舉一些例子比較亨利和蘇珊兩個(gè)人誰老,誰年輕,誰胖,誰瘦, 誰高,誰矮等等. 每個(gè)句子我們念兩遍, 請(qǐng)你聽一遍, 跟著老師重復(fù)一遍.
M: Henry is older; Susan is younger.
F: Henry is older; Susan is younger.
M: Henry is fatter; Susan is thinner.
F: Henry is fatter; Susan is thinner.
M: Henry is taller; Susan is shorter.
F: Henry is taller; Susan is shorter.
M: Henry is weaker; Susan is stronger.
F: Henry is weaker; Susan is stronger.
如果把 "亨利比較老; 蘇珊比較年輕 " 這句話簡(jiǎn)化為 "亨利比蘇珊老", 在英文里就必須用 than, t-h-a-n, than 這個(gè)字; 整句話就是 Henry is older than Susan. 下面我們來作換字練習(xí), 多學(xué)學(xué)這個(gè)句型. 首先老師念一個(gè)句子, 然后老師給你一個(gè)新的比較級(jí)形容詞,請(qǐng)你把形容詞代換到原來的句子里. 每作完一句, 老師會(huì)念出正確作法, 你自己比較一下看作對(duì)了沒有. 現(xiàn)在我們開始.
M: Henry is older than Susan.
M: fatter
F: Henry is fatter than Susan.
M: weaker
F: Henry is weaker than Susan.
M: heavier
F: Henry is heavier than Susan.
M: busier
F: Henry is busier than Susan.
剛才那些句子都是以亨利為主詞, 下面這些句子是以蘇珊為主詞; 還是把她和 亨利作個(gè)比較, 比方 "蘇珊比亨利年輕" 等等. 還是請(qǐng)你跟剛才一樣作代換練習(xí).
M: Susan is younger than Henry.
M: thinner
F: Susan is thinner than Henry.
M: shorter
F: Susan is shorter than Henry.
M: stronger
F: Susan is stronger than Henry.
M: healthier
F: Susan is healthier than Henry.
現(xiàn)在我們?cè)賮韺W(xué)習(xí)形容詞比較級(jí). 首先由老師提出一個(gè)問句, 接著他又提出一個(gè)詞組作主詞, 請(qǐng)學(xué)生用這個(gè)主詞來回答問題, 然后老師又提出一個(gè)詞組作受詞, 請(qǐng)學(xué)生用 than 這個(gè)字把受詞用進(jìn)句子里. 首先我給你舉一個(gè)例子.
M: Which table is longer?
M: this table
F: This table is longer.
M: that one
F: This table is longer than that one.
好, 現(xiàn)在我們開始作練習(xí). 請(qǐng)你在學(xué)生作練習(xí)的時(shí)候也跟著作.
M: Which table is longer?
M: this table
F: This table is longer.
M: that one
F: This table is longer than that one.
M: Which dress is shorter?
M: the blue dress
F: The blue dress is shorter.
M: the red one
F: The blue dress is shorter than the red one.
M: Which car is newer?
M: the green car
F: The green car is newer.
M: the brown one
F: The green car is newer than the brown one
M: Which house is older?
M: the big house
F: The big house is older.
M: the small one
F: The big house is older than the small one.
M: Which city is warmer?
M: Washington, D.C.
F: Washington, D.C., is warmer.
M: New York
F: Washington, D.C., is warmer than New York.
M: Which day is colder?
M: today
F: Today is colder.
M: yesterday
F: Today is colder than yesterday.
M: Whose room is bigger?
M: Peter's
F: Peter's room is bigger.
M: Mary's
F: Peter's room is bigger than Mary's.
M: Whose cup is smaller?
M: Linda's
F: Linda's cup is smaller.
M: Peter's
F: Linda's cup is smaller than Peter's.
M: What is faster?
M: the airplane
F: The airplane is faster.
M: the car
F: The airplane is faster than the car.
M: What is slower?
M: the train
F: The train is slower.
M: the airplane
F: The train is slower than the airplane.
三.不規(guī)則形容詞比較級(jí)
除了變化規(guī)則的形容詞比較級(jí)之外, 在英文里有很少數(shù)幾個(gè)形容詞比較級(jí)的變化是不規(guī)則的. 比方 "好" good, g-o-o-d, good 變成 better, b-e-t-t-e-r, better; "壞"bad, b-a-d bad 變成 worse, w-o-r-s-e, worse.
現(xiàn)在我們來作換字練習(xí). 首先學(xué)學(xué) better 的用法. 由老師念一個(gè)句子, 然后老師給你一個(gè)新名詞, 請(qǐng)你代換到原來的句子里. 比方老師說: This student is good, but that student is better. 接著老師給你一個(gè)名詞 teacher 請(qǐng)你作代換練習(xí), 正確答案應(yīng)該是 This teacher is good, but that teacher is better. 現(xiàn)在我們開始作練習(xí).每作完一句, 就請(qǐng)你聽正確答案.
M: This student is good, but that student is better.
M: teacher
F: This teacher is good, but that teacher is better.
M: dictionary
F: This dictionary is good. but that dictionary is better.
M: report
F: This report is good, but that report is better.
下面我們用同樣的方式來練習(xí) worse 的用法.
M: This school is bad, but that school is worse.
M: college
F: This college is bad,but that college is worse.
M: university
F: This university is bad, but that university is worse.
F: library
F: This library is bad, but that library is worse.
另外兩個(gè)變化不規(guī)則的形容詞是 many, m-a-n-y, many. 跟 much, m-u-c-h, much.這兩個(gè)字的比較級(jí)都是 more, m-o-r-e, more.
現(xiàn)在我們給你舉一些例子, 先比較 much 跟 more. 句子的內(nèi)容還是把蘇珊跟亨利作個(gè)比較, 比方蘇珊賺的錢比較少, 亨利賺得比較多等等. 每個(gè)句子老師念兩
次,請(qǐng)你聽一次, 跟著老師重復(fù)一次.
M: Susan doesn't earn much money; Henry earns more.
F: Susan doesn't earn much money; Henry earns more.
M: Susan doesn't drink much coffee; Henry drinks more.
F: Susan doesn't drink much coffee; Henry drinks more.
M: Susan doesn't eat much meat; Henry eats more.
F: Susan doesn't eat much meat; Henry eats more.
下面幾個(gè)句子是比較 many 跟 more. 請(qǐng)你還是跟剛才一樣練習(xí).
M: Henry doesn't read many books; Susan reads more.
F: Henry doesn't read many books; Susan reads more.
M: Henry doesn't have many records; Susan has more.
F: Henry doesn't have many records; Susan has more.
M: Henry doesn't take many trips; Susan takes more.
F: Henry doesn't take many trips; Susan takes more.
四.聽短文回答問題
首先我們來聽一段文章,內(nèi)容是比較亨利跟蘇珊在生活飲食習(xí)慣上有什么不同.
文章里的句型和詞匯都是我們已經(jīng)練習(xí)過的.現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你注意聽.
Henry is a little fatter than he wants to be. He wants to lose some weight. So he is on a diet. He tries not to eat too much and he eats very little sugar because it will make him fat. He also does exercises everyday. He swims, and he runs about two miles a day. Now he is stronger than before. Henry's cousin, Susan, is healthier than Henry. She is also younger and thinner than he is. She exercises everyday. She doesn't eat much meat. She eats a lot of fruit and vegetables, because she thinks they are better for her health.
等一會(huì)兒, 英文老師還會(huì)用慢速度把整段文章念一遍. 現(xiàn)在我們先把今天測(cè)驗(yàn)的三個(gè)問題念給你聽.
第一個(gè)問題是:
M: What does Henry want to be?
第二個(gè)問題是:
M: What is Henry doing to get in shape again?
第三個(gè)問題是:
M: Compare Henry and Susan.
現(xiàn)在我們?cè)俾犛⑽睦蠋熡寐俣劝褎偛拍嵌挝恼履钜槐? 請(qǐng)你特別注意剛才那三個(gè)問題的答案.
Henry is a little fatter than he wants to be. He wants to lose some weight. So he is on a diet. He tries not to eat too much and he eats very little sugar because it will make him fat. He also does exercises everyday. He swims, and he runs about two miles a day. Now he is stronger than before. Henry's cousin, Susan, is healthier than Henry. She is also younger and thinner than he is. She exercises everyday. She doesn't eat much meat. She eats a lot of fruit and vegetables, because she thinks they are better for her health.
現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你回答今天測(cè)驗(yàn)的三個(gè)問題. 你回答之后, 老師會(huì)給你念正確答案, 你自己比較一下看是不是作對(duì)了. 在你比較的時(shí)候只要意思對(duì)了就行, 不必每一個(gè)字跟老師的答案一樣.
第一個(gè)問題是:
M: What does Henry want to be?
F: He wants to be thinner.
第二個(gè)問題是:
M: What is Henry doing to get in shape again?
F: He tries not to eat too much. He eats very little sugar. He does exercises. He swims and runs.
第三個(gè)問題是:
M: Compare Henry and Susan.
F: Henry is fatter and older. Susan is younger, thinner and healthier
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