首爾愛樂樂團(tuán)內(nèi)斗丑聞繼續(xù)發(fā)酵

Seoul Philharmonic Orchestra Racked by Infighting

首爾愛樂樂團(tuán)內(nèi)斗丑聞繼續(xù)發(fā)酵

SEOUL, South Korea — When the respected Seoul Philharmonic Orchestra announced this month that it was canceling its United States tour set for April, it cited fiscal woes. Left unsaid were the lurid allegations of sexual harassment and financial improprieties that have rocked the orchestra recently, culminating in a police raid of its offices here.

韓國(guó)首爾——本月宣布將取消原定于4月舉行的美國(guó)巡演時(shí)，受人尊敬的首爾愛樂樂團(tuán)(Seoul Philharmonic Orchestra)給出的理由是經(jīng)費(fèi)困難。沒說出來的，是有關(guān)性騷擾和財(cái)務(wù)違規(guī)的駭人指控。相關(guān)指控最近讓樂團(tuán)動(dòng)蕩不安，并導(dǎo)致警方突擊搜查它在這里的辦公地。

The infighting is threatening to slow the progress that the orchestra has made since Myung-whun Chung, who has conducted many of the world’s major ensembles and is a towering cultural figure here, became its music director in 2005. Since then, as he has remade the orchestra, attendance has risen, international tours have been well reviewed and a contract with Deutsche Grammophon has allowed it to release a number of recordings.

這場(chǎng)內(nèi)訌可能會(huì)放慢該樂團(tuán)自鄭明勛(Myung-whun Chung)于2005年擔(dān)任音樂總監(jiān)以來取得的進(jìn)步。鄭明勛指揮過世界上的很多大樂團(tuán)，是韓國(guó)文化界的重量級(jí)人物。自任職以來，鄭明勛重組了樂團(tuán)，使得它的上座率增加，國(guó)際巡演取得好評(píng)，并與德意志留聲機(jī)公司(Deutsche Grammophon)簽訂了一份合同，得以發(fā)行大量唱片。

The first casualty of the chaos was a tour that was supposed to take it to Los Angeles; San Francisco; Seattle; Ann Arbor, Mich.; and Chicago in April. The orchestra said in a statement that a significant cut in tour funding from the City of Seoul had forced it to cancel. Mr. Chung said in a statement that he was “deeply saddened” by the decision. But the backstage troubles of the orchestra, whose appearance last year in London at the BBC Proms won praise, go back much further. They burst into public view in December, when an anonymous statement claiming to be from orchestra employees was sent to news organizations and called for the resignation of the president of the orchestra, Park Hyun-jung, claiming that she had abused women on the staff with insults, sometimes sexist, since she joined the organization in 2013.

混亂局面首先波及的，便是原定于4月在洛杉磯、舊金山、西雅圖、密歇根州安娜堡和芝加哥舉行的巡演。樂團(tuán)發(fā)表聲明稱，首爾市政府大幅削減巡演資金迫使其取消相關(guān)計(jì)劃。鄭明勛則在另一份聲明中稱，他對(duì)這一決定“深感遺憾”。去年亮相倫敦BBC逍遙音樂會(huì)(BBC Proms)時(shí)，首爾愛樂樂團(tuán)贏得贊譽(yù)。但其幕后的麻煩要回溯到更早的時(shí)候。去年12月，一封自稱出自樂團(tuán)雇員之手的匿名信寄至新聞機(jī)構(gòu)，問題旋即暴露在公眾面前。匿名信要求團(tuán)長(zhǎng)樸賢晶(Park Hyun-jung)下臺(tái)，宣稱自2013年加入樂團(tuán)以來，樸賢晶一直辱罵女員工，還不時(shí)帶有性別歧視色彩。

Ms. Park defended herself, saying that while she might have used some rough language, she had simply been trying to jolt staff members out of complacency. She in turn raised questions about how public money was being spent by the orchestra, and charged that she had been the victim of a plot by Mr. Chung — saying that he saw her efforts to reform the organization as a challenge to his leadership and the perks he enjoyed.

樸賢晶為自己辯護(hù)，表示盡管有時(shí)候可能使用了粗魯?shù)恼Z言，但她只是在努力讓樂團(tuán)成員不要自滿。她轉(zhuǎn)而質(zhì)疑樂團(tuán)支出公款的方式，并控訴自己是鄭明勛設(shè)計(jì)的陰謀的受害者。她聲稱，在鄭明勛眼里，自己改革樂團(tuán)的種種努力挑戰(zhàn)了他享受的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位和好處。

Mr. Chung later said that he had spoken with city officials in Seoul about Ms. Park’s conduct at the orchestra. “My position is simple,” he was quoted as saying in December. “It’s a human rights violation.”

鄭明勛隨后表示，他同首爾市的官員談?wù)撨^樸賢晶在樂團(tuán)的所作所為。“我的立場(chǎng)很簡(jiǎn)單，”有報(bào)道在去年12月援引他的話說。“那是侵犯人權(quán)。”

Ms. Park resigned from the orchestra at the end of December. But officials in Seoul also began looking at Mr. Chung’s pay and perks, and in January city auditors raised questions about air travel that some of his relatives had taken, and about whether his outside appearances, including with the Vienna State Opera, had disrupted the Seoul Philharmonic’s schedule.

樸賢晶于去年12月底辭職，但首爾的官員也開始調(diào)查鄭明勛的薪水和補(bǔ)貼。今年1月，市級(jí)審計(jì)機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)他的一些行為提出了質(zhì)疑，包括他部分親屬的航空旅行，以及他與維也納國(guó)家歌劇院( Vienna State Opera)等外部機(jī)構(gòu)的攜手亮相是否擾亂了首爾愛樂樂團(tuán)的日程安排。

Mr. Chung comes from South Korea’s best-known musical family. He rose to prominence while playing in a trio with his sisters — the violinist Kyung-wha Chung and the cellist Myung-wha Chung — before embarking on an international conducting career. He has been paid more than $1 million a year by the orchestra, and defended himself and his pay at a news conference in January. He criticized city officials for failing to build a new concert hall for the orchestra and for cutting its budget, and warned that he would not agree to renew his contract at the Seoul Philharmonic unless it receives more resources.

鄭明勛來自韓國(guó)著名的音樂世家。通過與姐姐——小提琴家鄭京和(Kyung-wha Chung)與大提琴家鄭明和(Myung-wha Chung)——表演三重奏，他嶄露頭角，后來又在國(guó)際上開始了音樂指揮生涯。他在首爾愛樂樂團(tuán)的年薪超過1百萬美元(約合620萬元人民幣)。今年1 月，他召開新聞發(fā)布會(huì)為自己及薪酬進(jìn)行了辯護(hù)。他批評(píng)市里的官員不僅沒有為樂團(tuán)建造新的音樂廳，而且還削減了預(yù)算。他發(fā)出警告，除非首爾愛樂樂團(tuán)獲得更多資源，否則他將拒絕與樂團(tuán)續(xù)約。

“In the old days, people didn’t attend Seoul Philharmonic performances even if they were given free tickets,” he said at the news conference. “Now, those who invite foreign orchestras complain to me that they can’t do business because of the Seoul Philharmonic.”

“過去，人們即使有免費(fèi)的票，也不來看首爾愛樂的演出，”他在新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上說。“現(xiàn)在，邀請(qǐng)外國(guó)交響樂團(tuán)來韓國(guó)演出的人向我抱怨，因?yàn)槭谞枑蹣?，他們的生意都沒法做了。”

He declined a request for an interview. Orchestra officials would not comment publicly on the recent events, citing pending investigations.

鄭明勛拒絕了本報(bào)記者的采訪請(qǐng)求。愛樂樂團(tuán)的官員也不愿公開評(píng)論近期的事件，理由是調(diào)查仍在進(jìn)行當(dāng)中。

“At the heart of this scandal is the clash of two gigantic egos,” said Lee Yong-il, a former conductor and an honorary chairman of the Korean Society for Music Education. “Chung thinks he is a world-class conductor and Park thinks she is an expert in management. This was a scandal waiting to happen because the two obviously did not respect each other.”

“這起丑聞的核心是兩個(gè)極其自負(fù)的人之間的矛盾，”韓國(guó)音樂教育協(xié)會(huì)的前指揮、榮譽(yù)主席李永一(Lee Yong-il，音)說。“鄭明勛認(rèn)為自己是一名世界級(jí)的指揮家，樸賢晶認(rèn)為自己是管理專家。這樁丑聞遲早要發(fā)生，因?yàn)閮扇嗣黠@不把對(duì)方放在眼里。”

The battles have made headlines in South Korea. An editorial at the liberal Hankyoreh newspaper recently decried the “mud-pit fight” at the orchestra, while the conservative Chosun Ilbo newspaper warned in an editorial that the squabbling would alienate audiences.

這些內(nèi)斗引發(fā)了韓國(guó)媒體的關(guān)注。自由派的《韓民族日?qǐng)?bào)》(Hankyoreh)近期的一篇社論譴責(zé)了首爾愛樂樂團(tuán)的“泥坑大戰(zhàn)”，而保守派的《朝鮮日?qǐng)?bào)》(Chosun Ilbo)則在其社論中提醒，這些爭(zhēng)吵會(huì)疏遠(yuǎn)觀眾。

The scandal took a new turn this month when the police raided the orchestra’s offices here and confiscated computer equipment, cellphones and a fax machine. The authorities were apparently investigating a claim by Ms. Park that the whistle-blowers at the orchestra had defamed her. (Defamation is a criminal offense in South Korea.)

這樁丑聞本月出現(xiàn)了新的動(dòng)向：警方突訪了首爾愛樂樂團(tuán)的辦公室，沒收了電腦設(shè)備、手機(jī)和一部傳真機(jī)。當(dāng)局似乎在調(diào)查樸賢晶的指控，即樂團(tuán)的告密者對(duì)她構(gòu)成了誹謗。(誹謗在韓國(guó)屬刑事犯罪。)

A few days later the orchestra said that the American tour was being canceled because the Seoul Metropolitan Council would not allocate the money needed for the tour and corporate sponsors were not stepping in to help.

幾天之后，樂團(tuán)宣布，取消美國(guó)之行，因?yàn)槭谞柺凶h會(huì)不愿提供此行所需的資金，也沒有替代的企業(yè)贊助者伸出援手。

Recently, members of the orchestra issued a statement supporting Mr. Chung. They said the controversy had “spun out of control” and was damaging the ensemble’s hard-won international reputation, and accused critics of Mr. Chung and the orchestra of politicizing the scandal with damaging results.

最近，一些樂團(tuán)成員發(fā)布了一份支持鄭明勛的聲明。他們表示，這次的爭(zhēng)議已經(jīng)“失控”，正在破壞樂團(tuán)來之不易的國(guó)際聲譽(yù)。他們還指責(zé)，批評(píng)鄭明勛本人及樂團(tuán)的那些人使得丑聞?wù)位斐闪似茐男缘暮蠊?/p>