Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.
18.[A]Punishment by teachers.[B]Poor academic performance.
[C]Truancy.[D]Illness.
19.[A]The Board of Education.
[B]Principals of city schools.
[C]Students with good academic records.
[D]Students with good attendance records.
20.[A]Punishing students who damage school property.
[B]Rewarding schools that have decreased the destruction.
[C]Promoting teachers who can prevent the destruction.
[D]Cutting the budget for repairs and replacements.
原文:
Passage Three
In some large American city schools,as many as 20-40% of the students are absent each day.There are two major reasons for such absences:one is sickness,and the other is truancy.That is staying away from school without permission.Since school officials can't do much about the illness,they are concentrating on reducing the number of truancy.【第18題答案位置】One of the most promising schemes has been tried in Florida.The pupils there with good attendance have been given free hamburgers,toys and T?shirts.【第19題答案位置】Classes are told if they show improved rates of attendance,they can win additional gifts.At the same time,teachers are encouraged to inspire their students to come to school regularly.When those teachers are successful,they are also rewarded.“We've been punishing truancy for years,but that hasn't brought them back to school,”one school principal said.“Now we are trying the positive approach.Not only do you learn by showing up every day,but you earn.”In San Francisco,the board of education has had a somewhat similar idea.Schools that show a decrease in deliberate destruction of property can receive the amount of money that would be spent on repairs and replacements.【第20題答案位置】For example,12,000 dollars had been set aside for a school's property damages every year.Since repair expenses of damaged property required only 4,000 dollars,the remaining 8,000 dollars was turned over to the student activity fund.“Our democracy operates on hope and encouragement,”said the school board member.“Why not provide some positive goals for students and teachers to aim at?”
Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.
18.Which reason for students' absences is discussed in great detail?
19.Who will benefit from the scheme being tried in Florida?
20.What measure has been taken in San Francisco to reduce the destruction of school property?
譯文:
在美國(guó)大型城市的一些學(xué)校中,學(xué)生每天的缺勤率高達(dá)20%～40%。造成如此高缺勤率的主要原因有兩個(gè):一是生病,二則是曠課。曠課即在沒有得到允許的情況下不去學(xué)校。由于校方官員對(duì)于生病無能為力,他們只好將精力集中在減少曠課人數(shù)上。佛羅里達(dá)采用了一項(xiàng)最有希望糾正這一現(xiàn)象的措施。出勤情況好的學(xué)生將獲得免費(fèi)漢堡、玩具和T恤衫。另外,每個(gè)班都被告知如果他們的出勤率有所上升,他們將會(huì)贏得額外的禮物。與此同時(shí),鼓勵(lì)老師激勵(lì)學(xué)生按時(shí)上課。如果老師們做得不錯(cuò),他們也會(huì)得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)?！拔覀?cè)谶^去的幾年里一直采取懲罰曠課學(xué)生的做法,但這種方式不能將他們帶回學(xué)校,”一位校長(zhǎng)說?！艾F(xiàn)在我們正在嘗試積極的做法。每天來上課不僅能讓你學(xué)到知識(shí),還能讓你獲得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)?！痹谂f金山,教育董事會(huì)也有相似的想法。那些人為故意損壞財(cái)物現(xiàn)象減少的學(xué)校將會(huì)獲得本應(yīng)用于修理和重新購(gòu)置設(shè)備的經(jīng)費(fèi)。比如,每年會(huì)為每個(gè)學(xué)校留出12,000美元的資金,用于學(xué)校損壞財(cái)物的修理。由于損壞財(cái)物所需要的修理費(fèi)用只需4,000美元,那么剩下的8,000美元就將成為學(xué)生的活動(dòng)資金?！拔覀兊拿裰鹘⒃谙Ｍ凸膭?lì)的基礎(chǔ)之上,”一位校董會(huì)成員說,“為什么不給學(xué)生和老師設(shè)定一些積極的目標(biāo)讓他們?nèi)ヅδ?”
解析:
教育系統(tǒng)說明文。
18.C主題概括題。首句群出題,結(jié)合全篇內(nèi)容概括,發(fā)現(xiàn)本文有很大篇幅都在講曠課。所以答案是C。
19.D事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。最高級(jí)及特殊詞出題點(diǎn)(most promising)。文中提到One of the most promising schemes has been tried in Florida.The pupils there with good attendance have been given free hamburgers,toys and T?shirts.顯然,得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的是The pupils there with good attendance,所以答案是D。
20.B事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。視聽基本一致,結(jié)合同義替換。原文提到Schools that show a decrease in deliberate destruction of property can receive the amount of money that would be spent on repairs and replacements.即“那些人為故意損壞財(cái)物現(xiàn)象減少的學(xué)校將會(huì)獲得本應(yīng)用于修理和重新購(gòu)置設(shè)備的經(jīng)費(fèi)”,也就是獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)學(xué)校,得出答案是B。
