Questions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.
14.[A]Why people hold back their tears.[B]Why people cry.
[C]How to restrain one's tears.[D]How tears are produced.
15.[A]What chemicals tears are composed of.
[B]Whether crying really helps us feel better.
[C]Why some people tend to cry more often than others.
[D]How tears help people cope with emotional problems.
16.[A]Only one out of four girls cries less often than boys.
[B]Of four boys,only one cries very often.
[C]Girls cry four times as often as boys.
[D]Only one out of four babies doesn't cry often.
17.[A]Only humans respond to emotions by shedding tears.
[B]Only humans shed tears to get rid of irritating stuff in their eyes.
[C]Only human tears can resist the invading bacteria.
[D]Only human tears can discharge certain chemicals.
原文:
Passage Two
Why do we cry? 【第14題答案位置】Can you imagine life without tears? Not only do tears keep your eyes lubricated,they also contain a substance that kills certain bacteria so they can't infect your eyes.Give up your tears,and you'll lose this on?the?spot defense.Nobody wants to give up the flood of extra tears you produce when you get something physical or chemical in your eyes.Tears are very good at washing this irritating stuff out.Another thing you couldn't do without your tears is cry from joy,anger,or sadness.Humans are the only animals that produce tears in response to emotions.【第17題答案位置】And most people say a good cry makes them feel better.Many scientists,therefore,believe that crying somehow helps us cope with emotional situations.【第15題答案位置】Tear researcher,William Fred,is trying to figure out how it happens.“One possibility”,he says,“is that tears discharge certain chemicals from your body,chemicals that build up during stress.”When people talk about crying it out,“I think that actually might be what they are doing,”he says.
If Fred is right,what do you think would happen to people who restrain their tears? Boys,for example,cry only about a quarter as often as girls once they reach teenage years.【第16題答案位置】And we all cry a lot less now than we did as babies.Could it possibly be that we feel less stress? Maybe we found other ways to deal with it,or maybe we just feel embarrassed.
Questions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.
14.What's the topic discussed in this passage?
15.What is William Fred trying to find out?
16.What does the passage say about teenage boys and girls?
17.What's the difference between human beings and other animals when shedding tears?
譯文:
我們?yōu)楹味奁?你能想象沒(méi)有眼淚的生活嗎?眼淚不僅能保持眼睛濕潤(rùn),而且淚水中還含有一種能夠殺死某些細(xì)菌的物質(zhì),因此它能保護(hù)眼睛不受這些細(xì)菌的感染。放棄眼淚,你就會(huì)失去一種現(xiàn)成的防護(hù)方式。當(dāng)一些物理或化學(xué)物質(zhì)侵入眼睛時(shí),沒(méi)有人愿意放棄所能產(chǎn)生的額外淚水。淚水可以很好地將這種使人難受的物質(zhì)排出。當(dāng)你由于開心、生氣和悲傷而哭泣時(shí),淚水的另一項(xiàng)不可替代的功能便體現(xiàn)了出來(lái)。人類是唯一一種受情感影響會(huì)流淚的動(dòng)物。而且大多數(shù)人稱痛快地哭一場(chǎng)能讓自己感覺(jué)好一些。因此,許多科學(xué)家相信,在某種程度上哭泣能幫助我們處理情感問(wèn)題。淚水研究員威廉·弗雷德正試圖弄明白這種現(xiàn)象是如何發(fā)生的。他解釋道:“淚水能排出身體承受壓力時(shí)積聚的某種化學(xué)物質(zhì),這可能是原因之一。每當(dāng)人們說(shuō)“哭出來(lái)吧”,“我認(rèn)為或許這就是他們正在做的事情?！彼f(shuō)。
如果弗雷德是正確的,對(duì)于那些強(qiáng)忍淚水的人們來(lái)說(shuō),情況會(huì)怎么樣?例如十幾歲的男孩,他們哭泣的次數(shù)只相當(dāng)于同齡女孩的四分之一。還有我們所有人現(xiàn)在哭泣的次數(shù)要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)少于嬰幼兒時(shí)期。難道是因?yàn)槲覀兠鎸?duì)的壓力少了嗎?或許我們找到了其他方式來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)壓力,又或許我們僅僅是對(duì)哭泣感到難堪而已。
解析:
科普知識(shí)說(shuō)明文。
14.B事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。首句群出題。“Why do we cry?”即為該題答案,選項(xiàng)B.Why people cry.為原文的同義替換。
15.D事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。因果關(guān)系出題,定位詞為therefore。文中提到...crying somehow helps us cope with emotional situations.視聽基本一致,結(jié)合同義替換,可知答案為D,其中tears對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的crying,emotional problems對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的emotional situations。
16.C事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。需要抓住選項(xiàng)中的提示詞boys,girls等。文中提到Boys,for example,cry only about a quarter as often as girls once they reach teenage years.由此可知十幾歲的男孩子哭泣的次數(shù)只相當(dāng)于同齡女孩的四分之一,也就是女孩子哭的次數(shù)是男孩子的四倍,答案為C。
17.A事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。亂序。考查“最高級(jí)及特殊詞定位”,即“only”。文中提到Humans are the only animals that produce tears in response to emotions.視聽基本一致,結(jié)合同義替換,可知答案為A,其中respond to是原文中in response to的同義替換,而shedding tears是原文中的produce tears的同義替換。
