雅思寫作高分技巧：如何寫好開頭段?

　　很多國內(nèi)的考生受到寫中文作文或者傳統(tǒng)英語(精品課)教學(xué)的影響，寫一篇文章的開頭段時總是想要盡力抓住考官的眼球，不停地擺弄自己還不成熟的詞匯和句型，結(jié)果非但沒有得到想要的分數(shù)，反被考官倒打一耙。那么我們要如何在最短的時間內(nèi)，以最簡單以及最能得分的方式寫出好的作文開頭段呢?

　　其實我們可以把雅思寫作題目中的提問方式分成四個大類：觀點類(opinion essay)、討論類(discussion essay)、優(yōu)劣勢類(advantage and disadvantage essay)和報告類(report)。每一種提問方式的題目都有自己不同的開頭段寫作方法。

　　Part 1 Opinion Essay

　　觀察觀點類題目的特征，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，此類題型的特征是題目有且只有一個觀點。而題目要求我們回答的是“同意”或“不同意”的觀點。所以只要確定好自己的觀點，開頭段就可以寫出來。 例如：

　　Some people believe that living in big cities is bad for health.

　　Do you agree or disagree?

　　如果，我們選擇同意此觀點，可以根據(jù)“背景句+直接轉(zhuǎn)述題目+個人觀點”的公式。

　　These days, it is quite common to see that a growing number of people choose to settle down in large cities. (背景句) But some people argue that leading an urban life would produce negative influences on people’s health. (直接轉(zhuǎn)述題目) Personally, I agree with this idea. (個人觀點)

　　如果選擇不同意題目觀點，則可以用“although”的讓步狀語從句進行改寫，得到：

　　These days, it is quite common to see that a growing number of people choose to settle down in large cities. (背景句) Although some people argue that leading an urban life would produce negative influences on people’s health, (although +直接轉(zhuǎn)述題目) personally, I do not agree with this idea. (個人觀點)

　　Part 2 Discussion Essay

　　觀察討論類的題目，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，這樣的題目會有兩個觀點，并且題目要求“討論雙方觀點”和“給出自己的觀點”。這樣的題目中，其實只用在開頭段中寫出背景句和轉(zhuǎn)述雙方觀點就好了，至于個人的觀點，可以放到personal idea的段落中。如：

　　Some people think citizens should be responsible for their own health costs. Others think it is better to have a health care system which provides free health services.

　　Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

　　這個題目的開頭段就可以寫為：

　　People in some countries are paying an increasing amount of money for seeing a doctor, even for a minor illness. (背景句) But, still, some people assert that individuals themselves are supposed to pay for such fees. (一方觀點) However, other people disagree and suggest that it is the government’s responsibility to undertake the health costs for its citizens. (另一方觀點)

　　Part 3 Advantages & Disadvantage Essay

　　優(yōu)劣勢的題目，一般而言都會給出一個現(xiàn)象或者是趨勢，這又剛好和我們開頭段中的“背景句”吻合了，所以在優(yōu)劣勢文章的開頭段的時候就沒有必要再寫背景句了，直接轉(zhuǎn)述題目就可以了。但是要表達出自己的“優(yōu)大于劣”或者“劣大于優(yōu)”的觀點，只需要用一句話就搞定了。如：

　　Shopping online is replacing shopping in stores.

　　Do the advantages outweigh its disadvantages?

　　開頭段可以寫為：

　　These days, it is common to see that people prefer choosing online shopping to shopping in physical stores. Although some problems would occur as this trend continues, I believe such development brings more benefits.

　　Part 4 Report

　　其實report最簡單，因為通常題目和優(yōu)劣勢文章一樣，會給出一個現(xiàn)象或趨勢，所以開頭段的組成部分就只有改寫題目。如：

　　In many parts of the world, children and teenagers are committing more crimes.

　　Why is this happening?

　　What are the possible solutions to solve this problem?

　　開頭段可以寫為：

　　These days, it is common to see that the rate of youth crime has been increasing dramatically all over the globe and it is a most worrying issue of modern society.