雅思寫作高分秘籍：因果關(guān)系表達的高階邏輯句型

1. 雙名詞從句式

Another reason why people from the countryside transfer to the city is because of the modern conveniencesthat city living brings.

解析：適用于引入原因(帶題目關(guān)鍵詞)

句型框架：主語從句+ is because of the 原因 +賓語從句 (包括主從，賓從兩個名詞性從句)

例句中，people from the countryside transfer to the city 是對題目關(guān)鍵信息的復(fù)述，句型中“原因”部分使用一個名詞或名詞詞組。

Exercise:causes of congestion in megacities

2. 三組P+O式

Today more and more people rely on cars instead of walking, have less physical demands at work and prefer inactive leisure activities. This results inburning less caloriesand gaining weight.

解析：適用于解釋句，說明三種具體原因或結(jié)論段總結(jié)原因和結(jié)果

句型框架：主語+ P.O.1 , P.O.2 and P.O.3 . This results in doing sth.1 and doing sth.2.

例句中，三組P+O (謂語+賓語)是平行結(jié)構(gòu)，第二句的”This” 指代三組P+O; doing sth.1 是result，doing sth.2是ultimate result。

Exercise: causes of overpopulation

3. “原因+細化方面解釋” 式

Effluents are another by-product of industries which poses threat to the environment;leather and tanning industries, petroleum industries and chemical manufacturing industries createmajor waste products which are released directly into nearby streams without treatment, creating river pollution and causing harm to aquatic life.

解析：適用于說明一個原因(論點)后緊接著把這個原因的幾個方面具體化論述。

句型框架：原因 is another by-product of … which poses threat to 主題詞; 具體方面1，具體方面2 and 具體方面3 create…which are V+ed ….without…, V+ing …..to …

例句中，which are…的部分是定語從句，Ving…to…是非謂語用法。

Exercise:cyber crime

4. X(root cause), Y(cause), Z(result)式

Some people believe that global warming is a result of burning fossil fuels, as this causes increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

解析: 這里我們把造成global warming (result)的原因分為burning fossil fuels(root cause)和increased carbon dioxide(cause), 原因和根本原因，然后用適合的句式組織起來，使得邏輯論證層次更豐富。

句型框架： Some people believe that …(result) is a result of … (root cause), as this causes ….(cause).

具體的句式組織還可以是以下五種，R(result), C(cause), RC (root cause):

?(R) has been directly affected by (RC), as this allows for (C).

?As a result of (RC) leading to (C), (R) has been possible.

?(RC), thus allowing for (C), has resulted in (R).

?(RC) results in (C), which in turn leads to (R).

?Given (RC), it follows that (C) would mean (R)

Exercise: cause and root cause of obesity

5. “雙非謂語” 結(jié)構(gòu)

Air pollution resulting from the factory and vehicle emissionposes serious health concerns, considering the irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, as well as increased risk of heart attack.

解析：把問題的原因和具體結(jié)果都用非謂語形式體現(xiàn)，主語只說關(guān)鍵詞造成問題(概括性的名詞)，即air pollution poses serious health concerns.

句型框架：關(guān)鍵詞 resulting from… and … poses serious …concerns, considering … as well as…

例句中，描述air pollution 的形成原因部分resulting from和造成的健康問題具體包括什么considering都使用的是非謂語形式。

Exercise: cause and effect of social networking

最后勸誡大家：句型雖好，可不要貪心。具體寫作時并不是復(fù)雜句越多越好，一篇文章中用1-2個這樣的句型就可以，大多數(shù)還是要使用基礎(chǔ)句型，邏輯清晰，準確表達更重要。

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要了解基礎(chǔ)因果關(guān)系表達超詳細干貨的，參見“因果關(guān)系表達的干貨總結(jié)”

Answer :

This is only a possible version; you can create other correct sentences with the same structure

Exercise 1: causes of congestion in megacities

The reason why traffic congestion in megacities is increasing is because of the excessive growth of vehicle numbers that growing population brings.

Exercise 2: causes of overpopulation

Today, the advanced science have offered better medical facilities, promoted fertility treatment, and brought down death rate. This results in increasing population growth and becoming overpopulated gradually.

Exercise 3: cyber crime

Cyber-crime is another by-product of technology advancement which poses threat to the social security; internet fraud, online piracy and spread of violent and pornographic content create great risks which are available easily on the web without screening, causing harm to the social order.

Exercise 4: cause and root cause of obesity

Some people believe that obesity is a result of inactive life, as this causes less exercise and over eating.

Exercise 5: cause and effect of social media

Development of social networking resulting from technological advancement and fast-paced modern life poses serious social concerns, considering gradually alienated relationship between people, as well as deteriorated interpersonal communication skills.