1. 所謂詞匯積累,在單個的詞語上要注重synonym,即同意表達,或相關(guān)表達。你可以用什么詞來做替換,尤其是那些寫作中經(jīng)常用到的概念,比如關(guān)于government的題目,可以用the authorities(當(dāng)局), nation, state, society(都是和政府相關(guān)的表達)來在支撐段落中做細(xì)節(jié)替換。這個積累目標(biāo)直指評分項目之lexical resource.
當(dāng)然,這種積累還有一個好處,就是:
2. 所謂表達積累,即詞以串兒記。很顯然,右邊的看上去更edible and adorable對吧?
這就和咱們積累表達一個道理,你準(zhǔn)備的越充分,就越有把握拿高分,相對于拿著零散的一單詞(左圖食材)去考場上現(xiàn)場組句(穿串),為什么不直接拿著組合好了的詞串兒(右圖)來直接應(yīng)用(BBQ)呢?
其次,很多國內(nèi)考生普遍存在的一個問題就是塞給考官一堆詞語,而非有意義的表達,比如說這樣的句子”I think solve drug abuse is the government build some rules”, …uh, well, well, wait a minute…詞都說對了,但是好像并不是一個合格的句子。很多掙扎在5.5的同學(xué)或多或少的都會有這個問題,我們把它稱作為“中式直譯法”,寫作的練習(xí)目標(biāo)是徹底拋棄這種低效能的方法,用符合英文文法和邏輯的語句清晰的表達意思。那么,怎么改進呢?
Tip 1: 建立自己的寫作模板吧,用它來解決基本的句法配置問題,比如”Government should take the initial responsibility, and a possible / the most effective solution for drug abuse is to …..” 有了像這樣描述解決方案的個性化模板,大的語法錯誤基本可以避免。
Tip 2: 詞以串兒記。你在一開始積累表達的時候應(yīng)該記得就不是rule這樣單個的詞,而是rules and regulations(法律法規(guī))這樣的串兒。類似的還有 constitution and law (憲法和法律), policies and regulations(政策和法規(guī))。同時,帶上相應(yīng)的動詞搭配,比如establish/ obey / break / violate the rules and regulations。把詞串兒和你自己精心打磨的專用模板一結(jié)合,立刻柳暗花明,”Government should take the initial responsibility, and a possible solution for drug abuse is to establish proper rules and regulations”
總結(jié):詞以串兒記是一種利己利他的高效寫作提升方式,即方便了自己,不用現(xiàn)場拼詞(穿串)還詞不達意,直接拿來就用;也方便了考官,不用rack their brains去理解你的表達(通常他們也不會這么有耐心,句意不清直接扣分了)。
如果你處在5.5- 的階段,把句子說清楚是首要目標(biāo),就是寫完后找別人讀一遍,看知道你要表達的重點是什么不?如果對方稍稍皺起了眉頭,證明你的文章表達或者邏輯一定不夠清晰明確,好的Essay是能夠讓人輕松理解的,不要炫技(過多不必要的從句,冗詞),concise(簡明)也是好的學(xué)術(shù)寫作的要求。
3. 所謂idea積累,即authentic language material。具體意義,以下:
簡單來說,就是盡可能的不要吃別人嚼過的飯。把那些通過“中式直譯法”寫出來的idea統(tǒng)統(tǒng)扔掉,也不要過于依賴已經(jīng)總結(jié)好的各類“寶典”, go to google (or https://cn.bing.com/), and search the key word, such as “cause of drug abuse”, you got tons of authentic material, which is much more English thinking and constructive。
Take advantage of the tech-era, be a global citizen, and band 7+ serves only as a consequence.
具體來說,每一個主題的idea都可以從這幾個方面積累:function, advantage and disadvantage, cause and effect, solution。比如說關(guān)于education這個大主題,你搞清楚了教育的功能,教育的優(yōu)缺點,一些教育問題(比如behavior, punishment)的起因和結(jié)果,對應(yīng)解決方案,各列5條,并能夠展開闡述,舉例說明,任何教育類的文章你就全都能夠應(yīng)對了。有同學(xué)就問了,不是有一類題目是problem and solution嗎?為什么沒有problem? 答,effect就是problem啊,比如這道題目“Behaviour in schools is getting worse. Explain the causes and effects of this problem, and suggest some possible solutions.” 很直接的就把三種問題連在一起了。
比如,上文“所謂表達積累“中的例句”Government should take the initial responsibility, and a possible solution for drug abuse is to establish proper rules and regulations” 如果繼續(xù)加入你積累的idea(function of government),這個句子就更完美了”Government should take the initial responsibility, and a possible solution for drug abuse is to establish proper rules and regulations to supervise and regulate drug dealing ”(其中supervise and regulate這個詞串兒就是政府的功能之一)。個性化模板+idea 和詞串,一個長句就是這樣產(chǎn)生的。
在此基礎(chǔ)上,你想使用一個從句來展現(xiàn)variety of sentence structure,還是那個老建議,定語從句足以”Government should take the initial responsibility, and a possible solution for drug abuse is to establish proper rules and regulations, which can supervise and regulate drug dealing ”一個compound complex sentence 就這樣誕生了。并不難,對吧?重點還是,先把一句話說清楚,別急于的提著一兜拼湊的詞往考官面前一甩,讓自己的文章具有可讀性(能讀懂)是最基本,也是最容易被忽視的要求。