雅思大作文真題精講：國(guó)際旅游帶來(lái)偏見(jiàn)？

　　請(qǐng)看本期雅思大作文對(duì)國(guó)際旅游與偏見(jiàn)的解讀。

　　【文化類】：

　　International travel often lead people have some prejudices rather than broad minds. What are the main reasons of this phenomenon? What do you think people can get better understanding of the countries they visit? 國(guó)際游經(jīng)常使人們產(chǎn)生文化偏見(jiàn)，而非幫助他們開(kāi)拓視野，原因何在?如何幫助人們更好地理解旅游目的地。

　　【頭腦風(fēng)暴】：

　　雅思舊題，原題重現(xiàn)，角度較冷，寫(xiě)作較難。尤其考察的頭腦風(fēng)暴，人生閱歷，以及相關(guān)的語(yǔ)料庫(kù)的積累和運(yùn)用。

　　本題屬于分析問(wèn)題解決問(wèn)題的提問(wèn)角度，符合雅思寫(xiě)作輪轉(zhuǎn)提問(wèn)的規(guī)律，但是，其角度比較簡(jiǎn)單。其考察內(nèi)容，對(duì)于一般考生，想在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)完成高分作文，阻力較大。

　　小鵬哥本篇解析為舊文潤(rùn)色，語(yǔ)料庫(kù)覆蓋全部雅思提問(wèn)角度。

　　分析問(wèn)題和解決問(wèn)題布局圖：

　　首段：背景介紹 +(問(wèn)題影響)+ 寫(xiě)作目的

　　二段：分析問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的根源：(客觀上 + 主觀上)(社會(huì)原因+ 家庭原因 +個(gè)人原因)

　　三段：?jiǎn)栴}的解決策略展開(kāi)：(針對(duì)原因：政府如何做;企業(yè)如何做;媒體如何做;教育者如何做;家庭如何做;個(gè)人如何做)

　　尾段：再次亮明觀點(diǎn)(強(qiáng)調(diào)問(wèn)題的解決應(yīng)該是各方的協(xié)同努力)

　　【衍生解讀】：

　　人人渴望旅行，以拓寬視野和豐富閱歷，但是，有時(shí)候，旅行的過(guò)程使游客們產(chǎn)生的卻是文化偏見(jiàn)，而非精神的愉悅和視野的開(kāi)拓。

　　例證拓展：在韓國(guó)， 撫摸人的頭是文化禁忌之一;是一種不尊重人的表現(xiàn)。

　　例證拓展：在泰國(guó)，女性在參觀寺廟的時(shí)候，如果衣服露出膝蓋和肩膀會(huì)被認(rèn)為是一種不尊敬宗教信仰的體現(xiàn)。

　　例證拓展：在西方國(guó)家給服務(wù)者小費(fèi)是一種習(xí)慣和風(fēng)俗，尤其是在熱門的旅游目的地。例如，在馬爾代夫，很多歐美人習(xí)慣性地服務(wù)生小費(fèi)，但是，有些中國(guó)人就喜歡給小費(fèi)(因?yàn)橹袊?guó)沒(méi)有這個(gè)傳統(tǒng))，這時(shí)候，如果有服務(wù)生索取小費(fèi)，游客不給，矛盾沖突，在所難免。(比較有意思的是：如果游客說(shuō)沒(méi)有小費(fèi)可給，服務(wù)生會(huì)說(shuō)：留下手表、項(xiàng)鏈、相機(jī)作為禮物也是可以)

　　例證拓展：臺(tái)灣人是不食狗肉，在中國(guó)大陸，很多地方，例如延邊，人們以狗肉為美食(延邊人有句話：鮮族人過(guò)年，要了狗命了)。可以想象：如果臺(tái)灣人到延邊去旅行，被邀請(qǐng)吃狗肉，他們不會(huì)認(rèn)為這是一種盛情款待，反而，會(huì)感到不解甚至憤怒。

　　【范文賞析】：

　　首段：背景介紹 + 寫(xiě)作目的

　　Such is human nature to explore those exotic countries and feel the sense of refreshment. Many people desire to expand their minds and enrich their experience of the world during the process of visiting their dream tourism destination. However, some problems inevitably ensue. Instead of feeling the pleasure of travel， what some sightseers feel are only culture prejudice, conflicts and misunderstandings.

　　原則上講，首段理應(yīng)亮明寫(xiě)作目的，但是，文無(wú)定法。本篇小鵬哥省略主題觀點(diǎn)，留下想象空間，自然引出原因以及解決策略。其實(shí)，在英語(yǔ)論文寫(xiě)作中，這是方法之一，稱為: deduction writing.

　　解析：Such is human nature to …… 做……是人之本性

　　拓展：To see the outside world is what every individual aspires after. 見(jiàn)識(shí)外面的世界是人人心中的渴望。

　　解析：However, some problems inevitably ensue. 然而，一些問(wèn)題，不可避免地隨之發(fā)生。

　　二段：?jiǎn)栴}的原因一的展開(kāi)：

　　First, historical differences and diverse customs, to some extent, contribute to the bias, misunderstandings and even hostility. A case in point is that eating dog meat is permissible and understandable in some minority areas in China. More precisely, Taiwan people might be quite amazed when hearing or seeing dog meat is edible, for it is illicit and forbidden to persecute dogs in Taiwan. It is conceivable that Taiwan tourists might be quite shocked and disappointed when visiting some Korean minority areas in Mainland China. People there always take dog meat as delicious foods.

　　旅行中的偏見(jiàn)可能是來(lái)自歷史和風(fēng)俗的差異。

　　解析：contribute to the bias, misunderstandings and even hostility 導(dǎo)致了偏見(jiàn)，誤解和敵意。

　　解析：it is illicit and forbidden to persecute dogs in Taiwan. 在臺(tái)灣，迫害小狗是非法的，被禁止的。

　　解析：visiting some Korean minority areas in Mainland China 參觀中國(guó)大陸的一些朝鮮族地區(qū)

　　三段：?jiǎn)栴}的原因二的展開(kāi)：

　　Further，some sightseers’ deeply rooted concept, and diverse life experience account for the appearance of culture prejudice. To illustrate , a kind of benediction like may you child become a dragon might be acceptable in Chinese culture. However, westerners might consider this kind of malediction as a curse for their children, for dragon equals to monster in western culture.

　　旅行中的偏見(jiàn)可能是來(lái)自文化和傳統(tǒng)的差異。

　　解析：…… account for the appearance of culture prejudice. …… 解釋了文化偏見(jiàn)的出現(xiàn)

　　解析：Westerners might consider this kind of malediction as a curse for their children 西方人認(rèn)為望子成龍的祝福，其實(shí)是一種詛咒(因?yàn)樵谖鞣降奈幕?，龍是怪物，而非圖騰)

　　四段：解決策略的展開(kāi)：針對(duì)原因

　　Several methods should be adopted to help tourists minimize the potential culture bias or emotional misunderstanding. Primarily, before paying a visit to one tourism destination, it is feasible to specialize in the customs, histories and local people’s lifestyle. For example, if a western visitor aims to do some sightseeing in the Chinese minority areas like Tibet, it is wise to get to know some taboo, learn some simple minority language and the minority tradition. Also, efforts should be made by those tourist guides or local mass media to disseminate local cultures and popularize some relevant travel taboo. In this sense, people will acquire the first-hand knowledge and thus have a deeper insight into a new country.

　　為了減少旅行中的偏見(jiàn)，旅行者，導(dǎo)游，當(dāng)?shù)孛襟w應(yīng)該共同努力。

　　解析：Several methods should be adopted to help sb to do sth 我們應(yīng)該采取措施，幫助某人去做……

　　解析：pay a visit to sp = visit sp = explore sb = do some sightseeing in sp v參觀某地

　　拓展：it is feasible to do sth = it is viable to do sth 做……是可行的

　　解析：also, efforts should be made by …… 第二，……應(yīng)該做出努力去……

　　解析：disseminate local cultures and popularize some relevant travel taboo 傳播當(dāng)?shù)匚幕占跋嚓P(guān)的旅行禁忌

　　尾段：再次亮明觀點(diǎn)：

　　Overall，it is no easy task to iron out possible bias and conflicts before visiting some hot scenic spots. However, memorable travel experience favors the prepared minds.

　　自然結(jié)尾，余音繞梁。

　　解析：It is no east task to iron out the possible bias and conflicts. 消除潛在的偏見(jiàn)和沖突, 絕非易事。

　　解析：iron out v 消除……

　　解析：visit some hot scenic spots v參觀一些人們的旅游景區(qū)

　　解析：Memorable travel experience favors the prepared minds. 美好的旅行回憶留給了做好準(zhǔn)備的人。

　　Tips：

　　1. culture shock n文化休克

　　解析：主要是來(lái)自于兩個(gè)不同文化差異而引起?？梢园l(fā)生在任何時(shí)候，任何新環(huán)境。當(dāng)你到達(dá)一個(gè)地方覺(jué)得很陌生、很困惑，不知道自己的角色是什么、應(yīng)定位在哪里?應(yīng)怎么表現(xiàn)才恰當(dāng)?shù)鹊龋X(jué)得很不舒服。

　　2. cultural taboo n文化禁忌

　　解析：文化禁忌是指在某個(gè)民族或宗教傳統(tǒng)文化里禁忌的一些事物，行動(dòng)或言語(yǔ)