雅思議論文寫(xiě)作如何得高分

　　在很多考生的概念中，議論文是辯論式的文章，需要擺事實(shí)、講道理。他們認(rèn)為，用"說(shuō)理"性的文字來(lái)證明自己的觀點(diǎn)才是最具有說(shuō)服力的，相對(duì)而言，用太多的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷、情緒、喜好等"個(gè)性化"內(nèi)容作為論據(jù)則會(huì)因?yàn)槿狈?quot;普遍適用性"不夠讓人信服。這樣的想法也不無(wú)道理，確實(shí)，有些學(xué)生的文章出現(xiàn)了過(guò)多的以" I "引出的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷式論據(jù)，過(guò)多的談?wù)撟约航?jīng)歷的某些事件，使文章偏離了辯論的初衷，反倒有點(diǎn)像記敘文，這就是教師需要題型學(xué)生要注意避免的問(wèn)題了。

　　然而適當(dāng)?shù)卦谖恼轮写┎逡恍┡c個(gè)人經(jīng)歷或個(gè)人喜好有關(guān)的一些描述，會(huì)使文章變得更富個(gè)性化色彩，語(yǔ)言顯得更為活潑生動(dòng)，在千篇一律的說(shuō)理式文章中顯得更為出眾，給考官留下好的印象。此外，個(gè)性經(jīng)歷式的描述從語(yǔ)言說(shuō)上比較具體，考生在語(yǔ)言組織方面也會(huì)輕松很多。那么如何進(jìn)行個(gè)性化思路的表達(dá)呢?本文將從議論文的引言段、主體段和結(jié)尾段出發(fā)，分析一些具有個(gè)性化思路的范文，并總結(jié)一些議論文個(gè)性化表達(dá)的方案。

　　一，引言段部分的個(gè)性化表達(dá)：

　　一個(gè)好的引言段對(duì)議論文的作用不言而喻，比較常規(guī)的寫(xiě)法是在引言段的開(kāi)始對(duì)議論文的話題作背景陳述，通常是大致介紹考題中所涉及的事物或行為在當(dāng)今社會(huì)的總體情況或特征。這種寫(xiě)作方式中規(guī)中矩，但很難表現(xiàn)出個(gè)性化色彩。導(dǎo)致很多文章總是在用" Nowadays... "、" With the development of... "等千篇一律的套句。而個(gè)性化的表達(dá)可以使文章的背景介紹與自己的親身經(jīng)歷相結(jié)合，使文章變得更為鮮活，開(kāi)頭段便顯得與眾不同，引起考官的注意。下面來(lái)看一個(gè)例子：

　　People in the modern world are enjoying greater wealth but they are not as fit and active as they were in the past. What are the reasons? Suggest some measures to solve this problem.

　　個(gè)性化引言段

　　I keep on nodding in agreement when seeing the background information of the question. I myself have always been struggling not to be overweight. Unfortunately, like most others, I failed. As to why people nowadays are not as fit and active as they were, various factors can be identified.

　　二，主體段(理由段)中的個(gè)性化表達(dá)：

　　主體段(理由段)是比較難以進(jìn)行個(gè)性化表達(dá)的部分，或者說(shuō)在理由段進(jìn)行個(gè)性化表達(dá)要特別注意"分寸"，因?yàn)槿绻碛啥沃械膫€(gè)性化表達(dá)過(guò)多，則會(huì)造成前文所說(shuō)到的降低文章論據(jù)"普遍實(shí)用性"和說(shuō)服力的結(jié)果。那么如何達(dá)到個(gè)性化和說(shuō)服力的平衡性呢?我們可以先看兩段文字：

　　Some people warn that the era of the silver screen is coming to an end and that people will eventually lose interest in going to the cinema. Do you agree or disagree with this view?

　　個(gè)性化理由段-討論 interest in going to the cinema

　　However, the cinemas in my home country are still full every weekend and when a new film is released we are all keen to go and watch it. In fact, many small cinemas have been rebuilt and we can now go to large centres that have six or eight cinema screens and show up to ten different films a night. An evening out at the cinema is fun and some films, particularly horror and science fiction films, are much better on the big screen.

　　There are many different types of music in the world today. Why do we need music? Is the traditional music of a country more important than the international music that is heard everywhere nowadays?

　　個(gè)性化理由段-討論 international music 重要性

　　However, there is one reason why international music may be more important, and that is since it is widely liked internationally, it helps unite the world. I noticed this in Korea, when I saw young Korean boys dancing in unison to modern rock music. The traditional Korean music is often too difficult, high toned and not relevant to the lives of younger people.

　　在第一段話中，作者結(jié)合自己國(guó)家的電影市場(chǎng)情況說(shuō)，說(shuō)明人們還是有興趣去電影院看電影的;在第二段話中，作者結(jié)合自己去韓國(guó)旅游的所見(jiàn)所聞證明了國(guó)際音樂(lè)的重要性。可以看出，這兩個(gè)主體段的理由陳述都是和個(gè)人經(jīng)歷相結(jié)合的，所以文章顯得很有個(gè)性化，但卻完全不失辯論力度。這樣的理由段寫(xiě)作方法也是值得教學(xué)中讓學(xué)生體會(huì)和嘗試的。

　　三，結(jié)尾段中的個(gè)性化表達(dá)：

　　在議論文寫(xiě)作中，結(jié)尾段通常是觀點(diǎn)的重申。很多學(xué)生因?yàn)楸磉_(dá)方式的缺乏，會(huì)覺(jué)得重述觀點(diǎn)是一件比較困難的事，因此文章匆忙結(jié)尾。而適當(dāng)加入個(gè)性化的思路表達(dá)，可以使文章的結(jié)尾變得更加生動(dòng)。比如下面這段結(jié)尾：

　　結(jié)尾段強(qiáng)調(diào)保持健康的重要性：

　　I believe that all of us can imagine the daring consequences of living a life without a sound body. Therefore I decide to walk home instead of taking a taxi.

　　總而言之，個(gè)性化的表達(dá)可以出現(xiàn)在文章的引言段、主體段和結(jié)尾段，這些個(gè)性化的文字與傳統(tǒng)說(shuō)理辯論式語(yǔ)言一樣，都能夠達(dá)到清晰地提出或證明觀點(diǎn)的目的。巧妙地使用這些個(gè)性化的語(yǔ)言和思路，可以使文章的辯論變得"平易近人"且別具一格。