GRE寫作題目及范文解析:科技?xì)v史

Both the development of technological tools and the uses to which humanity has put them have created modern civilizations in which loneliness is ever increasing.

Technology, broadly defined as the use of tools, has a long history.Ever since Erg the caveman first conked an animal with a rock, people have been using technology.For thousands of years, the use of tools allowed people to move ever closer together.Because fields could be cultivated and the technology to store food existed, people would live in cities rather than in small nomadic tribes.Only very lately have Erg's descendants come to question the benefits of technology.The Industrial Revolution introduced and spread technologies that mechanized many tasks.As a result of the drive toward more efficient production and distribution (so the ever larger cities would be supported), people began to act as cogs in the technological machine.Clothing was no longer produced by groups of women sewing and gossiping together, but by down-trodden automation's operating machinery in grim factories.

這一段進(jìn)行了下定義，隨后分別從科技的歷史、功用意義等角度進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展進(jìn)行泛化說明。Only very lately這句話把關(guān)注點(diǎn)過渡到質(zhì)疑科技的benefits。隨后舉例說明。

The benefits of the new technology of today, computers and the internet, are particularly ambiguous. They have made work ever more efficient and knit the world together in a web of information and phone lines. Some visionaries speak of a world in which Erg need not check in to his office; he can just dial in from home.He won't need to go to a bar to pick up women because there are all those chat rooms.Hungry?Erg orders his groceries from an online delivery service. Bored?Download a new game. And yet...

ambiguous可以看出作者的態(tài)度。隨后欲抑先揚(yáng)，先讓步列舉計(jì)算機(jī)給人類帶來的方便，最后一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折yet…省略句，預(yù)示下文要進(jìn)行反駁

Many people, myself included, are a little queasy about that vision. Erg may be doing work, but is it real work?Are his online friends real friends?Does anything count in a spiritual way if it's just digital?Since the Industrial Revolution, we have been haunted by the prospect that we are turning into our machines: efficient, productive, soulless.The newest technologies, we fear, are making us flat as our screens, turning us into streams of bits of interchangeable data.We may know a lot of people, but we have few real friends.We have a lot of things to do, but no reason to do them. In short, the new technology emphasizes a spiritual crisis that has been building for quite some time.

持否定態(tài)度。隨后通過排比式的設(shè)問，引人思考，隨后表明作者的否定態(tài)度，認(rèn)為計(jì)算機(jī)領(lǐng)域科技進(jìn)步使得人們失去靈魂，乏味。展開細(xì)化證明，最后有一個(gè)關(guān)鍵性的小結(jié)。

As I try to unravel which I believe about the relative merits of technology, I think it is instructive to remember technology's original result. A better plow meant easier farming, more food, longer lives, and more free time to pursue other things such as art.Our newest technology does not give us more free time; it consumes our free time.We are terminally distracted from confronting ourselves or each other.We stay safe, and lonely, in our homes and offices rather than taking the risk of meeting real people or trying new things.

上文提出問題所在， 本段給予解決問題的方案建議 ;展開部分，采取“反證法”的方式，細(xì)化舉例說明今天的科技和original result背道而馳，產(chǎn)生消極結(jié)果。

While I am certainly not a Luddite, I do believe we need to look for a bit more balance between technology and life.We have to tear ourselves away from the fatal distractions and go out into the world.Technology has given us long lives and endless supplies of information.Now we need to apply that information, use the time we're not spending conking our dinner with a club, and find our reasons for living.

最后結(jié)尾，明確作者立場(chǎng)，提出解決問題的方案建議，升華主題。

很多同學(xué)很容易進(jìn)入一個(gè)機(jī)械的“誤區(qū)”，喜歡直接“拿來主義”，把現(xiàn)成的思路，例證，閃光句型“搶”過來，這是萬萬不行的，尤其對(duì)于GRE作文來說，因?yàn)檫@會(huì)猜到“雷區(qū)”：思路語言“雷同”，是沒有分的哈。