1. 比較法——通過(guò)對(duì)過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在兩種不同的傾向、觀點(diǎn)的比較，引出文章要討論的觀點(diǎn)。
[1] For years, ...had been viewed as .... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ..., people ....
[2] People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new idea.
2. 對(duì)立法——先引出其他人的不同看法，然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法，適用于有爭(zhēng)議性的主題。
[1] When asked about..., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that …. But I think/view a bit differently.
[2] When it comes to ...., some people believe that…. Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true. There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but I tend to the former/latter.
[3] Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that..... They claim/ believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....
3. 觀點(diǎn)法——開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山，直接了當(dāng)?shù)靥岢鲎约簩?duì)要討論的問(wèn)題的看法。
[1] Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...
[2] Now there is a(n) growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to....
[3] Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ....
[4] Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that....
4. 引用法——先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法，來(lái)引出文章要展開(kāi)論述的觀點(diǎn)!
[1] "Knowledge is power." This is the remark made by Bacon. This remark has been shared by more and more people.
[2] "Education is not complete with graduation." This is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion.
[3] "...." We often hear statements/words like those/this.
[4] We often hear such traditional complains as this "....".
5. 故事法——先講一個(gè)較短的故事來(lái)引發(fā)讀者的興趣，引出文章的主題。少用!
[1] Once in (a newspaper), I read of/learnt..... The phenomenon of ... has aroused public concern.
[2] I have a friend who ... Should he ....? Such a dilemma we are often confronted with in our daily life.
[3] Once upon a time, there lived a man who .... This story may be (unbelievable), but it still has a realistic significance now.
6. 現(xiàn)象法——引出要剖析的現(xiàn)象或者問(wèn)題，然后評(píng)論。
[1] Recently the rise in the problem/phenomenon of ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.
[2] Recently the issue of the problem/phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus/into public attention.
[3] Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.
