解析：有關(guān)科技發(fā)展的題目主要考查現(xiàn)代科技對人們生活習(xí)慣和生活方式產(chǎn)生的影響。現(xiàn)代科技主要包括因特網(wǎng)、電腦、手機(jī)以及各種小電器。當(dāng)然，汽車和飛機(jī)的廣泛使用也 經(jīng)常被認(rèn)為是近代主要的科技發(fā)展成果。主要的考點(diǎn)包括：
• 科技發(fā)展的影響是正面還是負(fù)面的?
• 科技發(fā)展讓我們的空閑時間變多還是變少?
• 科技發(fā)展對我們的文化、思想、觀念和社區(qū)有什么影響?
科技發(fā)展的正負(fù)面影響都有，沒有必然的結(jié)論?？萍及l(fā)展使人們的生活質(zhì)量極大提高的同 時，也可能導(dǎo)致人們養(yǎng)成不好的生活方式和習(xí)慣，對健康有不利的影響。考生在考試當(dāng)中要注重 論述的質(zhì)量，至于傾向哪個方面未必一定重要。
科技發(fā)展的正面影響有：
• 生產(chǎn)效率更高，人們可以在更短時間內(nèi)完成工作，因此可以有更多的體閑時間;
• 給人們生活帶來極大便利，提高了人們的生活水平;
• 人們通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以做很多事情，比如購物和處理個人財務(wù)，不用花太多時間在通勤 (commute );
• 人們聯(lián)系更加方便，即便行動不方便的人也可以通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)聯(lián)系家人和擴(kuò)大朋友圈;
• 人們獲得信息的渠道增多(譬如說網(wǎng)絡(luò)、手機(jī)、電子圖書館、電視)，知識更加豐富。
科技發(fā)展的負(fù)面影響有：
• 因為競爭激烈，人們需要接受在職培訓(xùn)和教育，工作節(jié)奏加快，壓力更大，和家人交流的機(jī)會更少;
• 因為通訊發(fā)達(dá)，人們在下班之后也被同事和上司聯(lián)系，在家里査閱工作上的電子郵件;通訊 的發(fā)達(dá)同時推動全球化，工作的性質(zhì)也趨向于全球化，人們的工作吋間在某種程度上被延長了;
• 人們享受著網(wǎng)絡(luò)娛樂和其他媒體所提供的娛樂，因此忽視和家人的交流;
• 人們喜歡上網(wǎng)，不愿意外出，性格變得孤僻，和外界的聯(lián)系減少。
手機(jī)所帶來的問題和負(fù)面影響：
• 社會問題：在公共場所講話聲音大(speak at an increased volume),讓人感覺不舒服(feel uncomfortable);
• 技術(shù)問題:信息可能會被第三方截取(intercept)或者偷聽(eavesdrop in);
• 醫(yī)療問題：有可能增加患癌癥的幾率(increase the risk of suffering cancers);
• 安全問題：開車時打電話(talk on the phone while driving),導(dǎo)致交通事故的發(fā)生(correlation with road traffic accidents)
手機(jī)所帶來的好處和正面影響：
• 豐富生活：除了發(fā)信息(send text messages)和語音留言(make voice calls)之外，手機(jī)還可以用 來瀏覽網(wǎng)頁(Internet browsing)、聽音樂(music playback),管理個人信息(personal organisers)、收發(fā)電子郵件(e-mail)、拍照(built-in cameras)、下載鈴聲(ringtones)、玩游戲 (games)和聽廣播(radio)等，由此豐富了人們的生活;
• 方便溝通：手機(jī)使人們可以隨時隨地進(jìn)行聯(lián)系;在有突發(fā)事件的時候(in the event of an emergency)，手機(jī)可以通過信來確定人的位置 (locate trapped or injured people using the signals from their mobile phones)。
范文
Across the world, especially the wealthier parts, the mobile phone has taken the place of telephone as an electronic telecommunication device, with the majority of the adult, teenager and even child owning one. As this technology has become rife, its drawbacks, which can be seen from social, medical and technical perspectives, deserve people's greatest attention.
Similar to many other hi-tech products, such as computers, mobile phones have detrimental effects on users' health. For example, long-time heavy phone users seem to be more prone to certain types of cancers, although evidence to date is inconclusive. Another lethal health concern is the link between mobile phones and road accidents. It is argued that motorists have a much higher risk of collisions and losing control of the vehicle when driving and talking on the phone simultaneously, despite sometimes using bands-free systems.
When the mobile phone has brought considerable convenience， people's obsession with convenience has meanwhile caused enormous disturbance. That's why the use of mobile phones has been prohibited in many public places, such as libraries, theatres, hospitals and even transports, such as trains, buses and aircrafts. Speaking at increased volume is considered impolite or even offensive, In schools, students are required to switch off cell phones before the class begins because mobile phones are responsible for a high amount of class disruptions.
When its downside persists, the mobile phone has proven indispensable in modern life. It is handheld, lightweight, portable and multi-functioned, allowing users to send text messages, exchange music files, make voice calls, browse Internet, and so forth. Meanwhile, within twenty years, mobile phones are expected to be more pervasive as technical advances and mass manufacture will make them low-cost personal items. Given those factors, the mobile phone will continue to perform its role as a key social tool, by which one keeps in touch with others much more easily than did the generations before.
As suggested above, the contribution of the mobile phone to the society is prominent and people's dependence on it for communication is an irreversible trend, although it has a number of problems that should be well handled.
近義詞表
1. device=equipment=appliance=instrument:設(shè)備，設(shè)置
2. rife=widespread=prevalent=ubiquitous=predominant=rampant:普遍的
3. prone to=susceptible to=vulnerable to:容易患上…的 4. lethal=fatal=deadly=life-damaging:致命的，有傷身體的
5. motorist=driver=car user. 使用汽車的人 6. collision=crash=accident:碰撞，車禍
7. disturbance=annoyance=interruption:干擾,打擾 8. disruption=interference=:distraction:干擾
9. pervasive=prevalent=omnipresent:普遍的，流行的
10. irreversible=permanent=irrevocable=unalterable:不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的，永遠(yuǎn)的
