1. 比較型議論文
對(duì)同一事物的正反兩面進(jìn)行比較分析，即分析事物的好與壞，利與弊，然后歸納自己的觀點(diǎn)。
要領(lǐng)：抓住事物突出的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。
寫(xiě)作常用套語(yǔ)
開(kāi)頭：
There is no doubt that…has （brought society） both advantages and disadvantages/merits and drawbacks
Obviously， it has both advantages and disadvantages/merits and drawbacks/positive effects and negative effects.
With the rapid development of … is /are playing an increasingly important part in …today.
論證或承接
In spite of /Despite the adverse effects， it has its beneficial effects.
The advantages derived from …are much greater than the disadvantages.
Generally speaking， the advantages can be listed as follows：
What’s more，…
Besides/Moreover/Furthermore，…
結(jié)尾
After weighing/considering the advantages and disadvantages/merits and drawbacks/positive effects and negative effects， I conclude that …
Based on the analysis above， I believe that the …far outweigh the… 。
2.對(duì)比型議論文
通過(guò)對(duì)比法，對(duì)不同事物進(jìn)行比較，客觀分析， 從而得出結(jié)論。
對(duì)比法是指對(duì)不同事物的性質(zhì)特點(diǎn)等的比較來(lái)證明論點(diǎn)的方法。
要領(lǐng)：抓住兩事物的鮮明特征進(jìn)行比較。
寫(xiě)作常用套語(yǔ)
開(kāi)頭：
When we…we’ll be faced with the choice between…and…
When…， it is inevitable to meet /face the choices between…and…
Recently， more and more people tend to …However， I feel that.
A and B are two important forms of…for us. Although A is getting more and more popular， B is by no means disappearing.
論證或承接
Despite the similarities， they are different from each other in the following aspects：
First of all，…Second，…Third，…And finally/lastly，…
On the contrary/in contrast
However/nonetheless/besides
結(jié)尾
All in all/In conclusion/In a word/To sum up/In summary/To put it simply.。
Although B has its disadvantages， it can be accepted that…
Therefore it depends on…
3.辯論型議論文
列出雙方對(duì)某一事物的不同看法，運(yùn)用事實(shí)加以論證，擺出自己的理由，得出結(jié)論。
要領(lǐng)：舉例要有說(shuō)服力，說(shuō)理要充分。
寫(xiě)作常用套語(yǔ)
開(kāi)頭：
People’s opinion/views/ on …vary from person to person. Some say that …，while others think/believe that…
When it comes to …， different people have different opinions.
The phenomenon of …has drawn nationwide attention.
論證或承接
Some people argue/assume that…，but things are quite different/this doesn’t work.
Some take the position that …; some come to believe that….But I think/suppose
Some people take for granted that…， but others take/hold an opposite idea…。.As far as I’m concerned， I agree with the former/latter opinion.
I’m on the side of the first argument. The following are the reasons for my personal consent.
I’m in favor of the first idea.
結(jié)尾
All things considered， I remain firmly in favor of…
On the whole， I agree with the statement that…
4.闡述說(shuō)明型
特點(diǎn)： 一般要求作者一開(kāi)始就闡明觀點(diǎn)或提出問(wèn)題 ，接著擺出事實(shí)和理由加以論述，然后得出結(jié)論。內(nèi)容可以是論人，論事，或論物。
論據(jù)可以是事實(shí)，科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)，學(xué)者專家的權(quán)威觀點(diǎn)及公認(rèn)原則。
寫(xiě)作常用套語(yǔ)
開(kāi)頭：
No one can deny that…
It is often said that…
As everyone knows，…。
Recently， /In recent years， there has been in increasing concern about the problem of…
It is well known that …has created certain problems for the society today.
The problem of…is becoming more and more serious.
論證或承接
To illustrate /prove this point， let us consider…
It has been reported /found/estimated that
To take …as an example，…
There are many examples to show that…
A number of factors will account for …
結(jié)尾
The best way to solve the problem is 。..
In addition to /apart from this， another way to solve the problem of …is …
Effective measures should be taken to solve the problem.
Many things can contribute to solving the problem， but the following ones may be the most effective.
Our government should make stricter rules to
It is essential that quick necessary actions /steps /measures should be taken to deal with the phenomenon/ to cope with the problem.
It is high time we took proper steps actions to the terrible situation.
5.因果分析型議論文
特點(diǎn)：描述某種原因或現(xiàn)象以揭示其必然后果，或披露結(jié)果以追溯其各種原因。
寫(xiě)作常用套語(yǔ)
There are several reasons for…
There are many factors that account for /contribute to /responsible for …，but the following are the typical ones.
There are a number of serious effects on…Perhaps the most potential consequence is …
Taking into account all the relevant factors， /Judging from all the evidence offered， we may come to the conclusion that.。.
Therefore， it can be inferred that…
Accordingly， I recommend that…
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