062
The pie chart above reveals the basic qualities of executives, including self-management, team management and performance management. Self-management consists of communication, time management and role cognition; team management contains team-building, effective authorization and leadership; performance management comprises staff guidance, target management and performance appraisal.
A good executive should have several distinctive traits or qualities. An important quality is to be clear and explicit in giving instructions. If instructions are vague, then otherwise avoidable misunderstandings and mistakes will occur. Another crucial trait is to keep the communication channels open. Executives should create a work climate where employees feel free to express their ideas without the risk of criticism or ridicule. Lastly, a good manager can motivate and inspire his/her employees.
Being an executive is not an easy job. Being a good executive is even more difficult. Of all the qualities a good executive should cultivate, giving clear instructions, establishing effective two-way communication, and motivating employees with incentives and recognition are indispensable.
上面的餅狀圖顯示了管理者的基本素質(zhì),包括自我管理、團(tuán)隊(duì)管理和績(jī)效管理。自我管理由交流溝通、時(shí)間管理和角色認(rèn)知構(gòu)成;團(tuán)隊(duì)管理包含團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)、有效授權(quán)和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力;績(jī)效管理由員工指導(dǎo)、目標(biāo)管理和績(jī)效評(píng)估組成。
一個(gè)好的管理者應(yīng)該具備幾個(gè)與眾不同的特質(zhì)或素質(zhì)。一個(gè)重要的素質(zhì)就是清楚明確地向下級(jí)傳達(dá)指示。如果指示含混不清,一些原本可以避免的誤解和錯(cuò)誤就會(huì)出現(xiàn)。另一個(gè)至關(guān)重要的特質(zhì)是保持開(kāi)放的溝通渠道。管理者應(yīng)該創(chuàng)造一個(gè)這樣的工作環(huán)境:?jiǎn)T工可以不受約束表達(dá)自己的想法,而不用擔(dān)心受到批評(píng)或嘲笑。最后,好的管理者能激發(fā)手下員工的積極性,鼓舞他們的士氣。
做一名管理者不易,做一名好的管理者更難。在好的管理者應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)的所有素質(zhì)中,下達(dá)清楚的指示、建立有效的雙向溝通以及通過(guò)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和認(rèn)可激發(fā)員工的積極性這三項(xiàng)是不可或缺的。
道長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)評(píng)
自2010年開(kāi)考以來(lái),考研英語(yǔ)(二)已經(jīng)考過(guò)三次經(jīng)濟(jì)管理類(lèi)話(huà)題,分別是2010年的"手機(jī)入網(wǎng)"、2011年的"國(guó)內(nèi)轎車(chē)市場(chǎng)部分品牌市場(chǎng)份額"以及2012年的"某公司員工工作滿(mǎn)意度調(diào)查"。因此英語(yǔ)(二)考生應(yīng)充分重視這類(lèi)話(huà)題。
pie chart 餅狀圖
quality 素質(zhì)
executive 主管
self-management 自我管理
team management 團(tuán)隊(duì)管理
performance management 績(jī)效管理
consist of 由......構(gòu)成
role cognition 角色認(rèn)知
team-building 團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)
effective authorization 有效授權(quán)
leadership 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力
comprise 由......組成
staff guidance 員工指導(dǎo)
target management 目標(biāo)管理
performance appraisal 績(jī)效評(píng)估
distinctive 與眾不同的
trait 特質(zhì)
explicit 明確的
instruction 指示
vague 模糊的
otherwise 原本
avoidable 可以避免的
misunderstanding 誤解
mistake 錯(cuò)誤
occur 發(fā)生
communication channel 溝通渠道
work climate 工作氛圍
criticism 批評(píng)
ridicule 嘲笑
motivate 激發(fā)......的積極性
inspire 鼓舞,激勵(lì)
cultivate 培養(yǎng)
effective 有效的
two-way 雙向的
incentive 獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)
recognition 認(rèn)可
indispensable 不可或缺的
1 Good communication also includes giving prompt feedback on employees' performance.
良好的溝通還包括對(duì)員工的工作表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行及時(shí)反饋。