美國之音2007標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下半年BNavajo Weaving Traditions Endure

所屬教程:美國之音2007標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下半年B

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Navajo Weaving Traditions Endure

By Zulima Palacio
Albuquerque, New Mexico
08 August 2007

Pearl Sunrise is a Navajo weaver. Her mother and her grandmother were also weavers. Sunrise's multiple oak tools were made by her father and grandfathers. Today, she is one of the most recognized weavers in the United States. "I started weaving when I was a little girl, because my mother was always weaving and I was just her helper."

The intricate secrets of an elaborate weaving tradition, together with the spiritual meaning of colors and designs are now part of her life.

Pearl Sunrise was born and raised in a Navajo reservation where she learned as a child about the care of sheep, wool treatment and spinning. But most important, she says, weaving taught her about keeping one's harmony and balance. "There is like a whole life value that teaches you in your creative process and your connection to your ancestors. Every step of the way in creating a rug, the wool, you have to keep yourself in balance in order to work with it."

Following the old Navajo tradition, Sunrise only uses natural dyes. Some of the colors and designs have spiritual or ceremonial meanings. And all Navajo rugs have an imperfect detail weaved into it, such as a museum rug at the Museum of Indian Arts & Culture in Santa Fe. "The great spiritual being is perfect but we are just kind of a remake of the being, so, we can't be perfect and that irregularity that we put into our creativity honors that."

Pearl finished her first small rug by the age of 9. But soon after that she was forced to leave her beloved Navajo reservation in order to study English and go to school. She graduated with a master's degree in education and since then she has been teaching art, weaving, and the Navajo language.

She now lives in Albuquerque, New Mexico near her three daughters and two grandchildren. Sunrise has passed on the weaving tradition to her daughters, but none do it fulltime.

Sunrise's work has won many honors including the living artist award from the American Indian Market in Santa Fe.

At the Museum of Indian Arts & Culture in Santa Fe, Director Shelby Tisdale says Pearl Sunrise is unique because of the variety in her work. "Pearl Sunrise doesn't do just one particular style of woven, her wovens are varied and incorporate a lot of differernt styles, which I think is unique, because most weavers stayed within the type of weaving or style from their particular area. I think she is another one of those artists that goes beyond the boundaries and does a lot of experimental work."

When Sunrise is not teaching or weaving, she is taking care of her grandson, singing old Navajo children's songs – passing along another long-held Navajo tradition.