雙語詩歌翻譯|韓愈-《馬說》

《馬說》是唐代文學家韓愈的一篇借物寓意的雜文，屬論說文體，原為韓愈所作《韓愈文選》中《雜說》的第四篇，“馬說”這個標題為后人所加。此文作于貞元十一年至十六年間（公元795—800）。“說”是“談談”的意思，是古代一種議論文體裁。這篇文章以馬為喻，談的是人才問題，表達了作者對統(tǒng)治者不能識別人才、不重視人才、埋沒人才的強烈憤慨。

《馬說》 韓愈

世有伯樂，然后有千里馬。千里馬常有，而伯樂不常有。故雖有名馬，祇辱于奴隸之手，駢死于槽櫪之間，不以千里稱也。

馬之千里者，一食或盡粟一石。食馬者，不知其能千里而食也。是馬也，雖有千里之能，食不飽，力不足，才美不外見，且欲與常馬等不可得，安求其能千里也？

策之不以其道，食之不能盡其材，鳴之而不能通其意，執(zhí)策而臨之，曰：“天下無馬?！眴韬?！其真無馬耶？其真不知馬也！

On Horses
Han Yu

Only after Bole came into the world were there horses able to gallop one thousand li. Such horses are common, but a Bole is rare. So even fine steeds, if mishandled by slaves, will perish in their stables without being known as good horses.

A thousand-li horses may eat one bushel of grain at a meal, but if its groom does not know that this is what enables it to gallop a thousand li and fails to feed it enough, so that it lacks strength, it will not display its ability and natural gifts. Indeed, it may be no match for common horses; so how then can it gallop a thousand li?

If it is whipped and goaded on in the wrong way, too underfed to reveal its full worth, or if it neighs and the trainer treats it without understanding, then the rider may hold his whip over it exclaiming: "There are no good horses in the word!" But does this mean there are truly no good horses, or that he does not understand horses?