雙語詩歌翻譯|潘岳·《秋興賦》

《秋興賦》是西晉文學家潘岳的作品。通過對秋哀感情的抒發(fā)，對秋景鋪陳的描寫，對“齊天地”觀念深刻的議論，表達了對達官顯貴們的輕蔑和自己處境的憤懣，從而表示了歸隱避禍的決心。

潘岳 《秋興賦》

晉十有四年，余春秋三十有二，始見二毛。以太尉掾，兼虎賁中郎將，寓直于散騎之省。高閣連云，陽景罕曜，珥蟬冕而襲紈綺之士，此焉游處。仆野人也，偃息不過茅屋茂林之下，談話不過農(nóng)夫田父之客。攝官承乏，猥廁朝列，夙興晏寢，匪遑卮寧，譬猶池魚籠鳥，有江湖山藪之思。于是染翰操紙，慨然而賦。于時秋也，故以“秋興”命篇。辭曰：

四時忽其代序兮，萬物紛以回薄。覽花蒔之時育兮，察盛衰之所托。感冬索而春敷兮，嗟夏茂而秋落。雖末士之榮悴兮，伊人情之美惡。善乎宋玉之言曰：“悲哉，秋之為氣也！蕭瑟兮草木搖落而變衰，繚栗兮若在遠行，登山臨水送將歸”。夫送歸懷慕徒之戀兮，遠行有羈旅之憤。臨川感流以嘆逝兮，登山懷遠而悼近。彼四戚之疚心兮，遭一涂而難忍。嗟秋日之可哀兮，諒無愁而不盡。

野有歸燕，隰有翔隼。游氛朝興，槁葉夕殞。于是乃屏輕莎，釋纖絺，藉莞箬，御袷衣。庭樹槭以灑落兮，勁風戾而吹帷。蟬恢恢而寒吟兮，雁飄飄而南飛。天晃朗以彌高兮，日悠陽而浸微。何微陽之短晷，覺涼夜之方永。月瞳朦以含光兮，露凄清以凝冷。熠耀粲于階闥兮，蟋蟀鳴乎軒屏。聽離鴻之晨吟兮，望流火之余景。宵耿介而不寐兮，獨輾轉于華省。

悟時歲之遒盡兮，慨伏首而自省。斑鬢髟以承弁兮，素發(fā)颯以垂領。仰群俊之逸軌兮，攀云漢以游騁。登春臺之熙熙兮，珥金貂之炯炯。茍趣舍之殊涂兮，庸詎識其躁靜。聞至人之休風兮，齊天地于一指。彼知安而忘危兮，故出生而入死。行投趾于容跡兮，殆不踐而獲底。闕側足以及泉兮，雖猴猿而不履。龜祀骨于宗祧兮，思反身于綠水。且斂衽以歸來兮，忽投紱以高厲。耕東皋之沃壤兮，輸黍稷之余稅。泉涌湍于石間兮，菊揚芳于崖筮。澡秋水之涓涓兮，玩游攸之澼澼。逍遙乎山川之阿，放曠乎人間之世。悠哉游哉，聊以卒歲。

On the Words of Great Men
Luo Yin

In the fourteenth year of Jin, having attained the age of thirty-two, I begin to find white hairs on my top. As one of the subordinate knights of the Lord of War and at the same time a lieutenant general of the "Warriors of Tigerish Dash", I serve concurrently as an Imperial Attendant of the Department of Court Affairs. High mansions and pavilion touch the clouds; splendid spectacles shine brilliantly in the sun. Gentlemen wearing coronets decorated with jade cicadae and clothed with taffetas and tiffanies frequent this place. I am a countryman, lying at rest in the past only under a thatched roof and in the luxuriant woods, holding converse formerly but with farmers and tillers of the soil. Taking charge of the official posts to fill up the vacancies, I stand in the ranks of the court; rising early in the morning and retiring late at night, I find no occasion for tranquil repose of heart and mind. It is like fishes in the pond or birds in cages longing for rivers and lakes, marshes and mountains. So I stain my brush and spread paper to compose a fu for giving expression to my thoughts at this time of the autumn, calling it thus Autumn Feelings, which runs like this:
The turnings of the seasons pass speedily, taking place one by one in order;
All things shake and avoid one another in ways manifold.
I see the blooms and the sprouts growing in their time,
And observe the flourish and decline of things by them told.
Feeling the desolation of winter and the richness of spring,
I sight at summer's luxuriance and autumn's leaves russet and gold.
From the humble scholar's favourable or depressed state,
Could be gathered the high or low spirits people in general hold.

Well it is said by Song Yu:

"Saddening, ah, is the breath of autumn, lonely and astringent;
Shaken by it, grass and woods shed leaves and become enervate;
Grieving and cheerless it is as one leaving for a distant land,
Or one going up hills and down to the water-side to bid adieu, returning late."
For seeing off and returning, trudging and pining for the one who is gone;
Embarking on a long voyage, alone among strangers, sad and forlorn;
Standing beside a stream to muse on its flow and grieve over the fleeting of time;
And climbing up mounts to yearn for a distant one, and a near one to mourn:
These four grievous burdens weigh down heavily people's hearts,
Any single one of which would be hard enough to bear;
The autumnal days of theirs are so laden with sorrows,
That no sort of sadness, say, has not become their share.
Over the wilds fly the homing swallows;
Above the lowland hovers the marsh falcon
A floating haze rises in the morning;
In the evening drop the leaves fallen.
So then, I lay aside the light fan
And put away clothes of gauzy lawn,
Sit and lie on mats of fine weave
And wear my lined gown.
Trees in my yard rustle and let fall their leaves;
Gusts of winds blow on the curtains with might;
The cicadae sing in a subdued tone in the cool air;
Wild-geese fly in rows southward in flapping flight.
The sky shines more brightly and ever higher does as appear;
The livelong daylight gets shorter every day;
How the dwindling light shortens the daytime!
The cooler night is felt to be much longer in its way.
The moon shines in its luminescent rotundity;
The dews in clear translucence fix the cold of the night sky;
Beams immaculate spread on the steps and doorway;
Crickets sing at the paneled partition in the corridor nearby.
I listen to the morning moans of the departing wild answers,
And look at the remaining twinkles of the vanishing Flame.
I stay up all night, unlike others, all alone,
Ruminating over a host of things, so diverse, never the same.
I ponder on the ending of the year and my spent time,
Lowering my head feelingly to examine doings of mine;
Gray tufts round my ears grow long to signify ashes of the past,
Hoary hairs hang down my collar bespeaking decline.
I think of those clever and capable setting aside the rule,
Clambering up above the clouds to soar in the sky;
They succeed in rising upon the spring platform of pleasaunce,
Pitching their coronets with gold drops and marten tails of the high.
If one aims at striking a new path for himself,
How could he see the fitness of following suit or otherwise?
I have heard of the excellent way of the supreme man,
Who regards all things from heaven to earth as of the same size.
Those people have come to know security, forgetting danger,
Unaware that they have left life to build their own mound.
Being ashamed of what they have been as they are,
They think they could be erect without standing on the ground;
For side-stepping to get to the spring of a bubbling well,
Even a monkey would not play such a poor game;
The tortoise, before he is burnt for lot-casting in a temple,
Always wishes to return to the green water wherefrom it came.
So, let me in all solemnity get back home,
Throwing off my official burden to stay aloof, carefree in mind,
To till the rich loam of the eastern upland,
And pay my portion of taxes of corn and millet in kind.
The fountain gushes forth its currents among the rocks;
The chrysanthemums spread their fairness;
I wish to bathe myself in the ripples of the autumnal stream on the hillside and in the meadows,
And watch the swift darting, in water, of the white minnows.
Thus, I may wander freely by the sides of mountains and rivers,
Be at large to do what pleases me in this wide human world,
Taking ease to the top of my bent,
Passing the end of the year, full well content.