今天我們就來(lái)討論下,英文中如何委婉地表述“死亡”。
我們中國(guó)人通常都很忌諱說(shuō)“死”這個(gè)字,不同時(shí)期對(duì)“死”也有不同的說(shuō)法。古代按照等級(jí)的劃分有“天子死曰崩,諸侯死曰薨,大夫死曰卒,士曰不祿,庶人曰死”的說(shuō)法,現(xiàn)在我們會(huì)說(shuō)一個(gè)人“離開了我們”,“去世了”、“走了”等。
英語(yǔ)中除了用die這個(gè)比較直接的說(shuō)法表示“死”以外,其實(shí)也有不少委婉的表達(dá)方式,比如pass away、pass on、depart、expire、perish等,這里的perish多指非正常死亡,比如perish in battle(在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中死亡)。
1. pass away
Sadly, Georgia's uncle passed away yesterday after a short illness.
真?zhèn)?,喬治亞的叔叔昨天得了一?chǎng)急病去世了。
2. pass on
I'm sorry to learn that your dear mother has just passed on.
很遺憾聽到你媽媽剛剛?cè)ナ赖南ⅰ?/p>
pass away 和 pass on 都是暗指過(guò)世。
3. lose one's life
一般指由于意外事故、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等不可抗力而造成的死亡,為意外死亡。
How did he lose his life?
他是怎么死的?
4. depart
depart 也是死亡的委婉說(shuō)法,意思是靈魂離開了肉體的存在去往另一個(gè)世界了。
Comrade Zhou Enlai finally departed from us.
周恩來(lái)同志和我們永別了。
5. expire
expire的意思是呼氣,這里引申為呼出最后一口氣,暗指死亡。
The patient expired early this morning.
這位病人今天早晨去世了。
6. perish
perish 指的是非自然死亡。
Many soldiers perish in battle.
很多士兵在戰(zhàn)斗中死去了。
7. go to meet one’s Maker
注意這個(gè)Maker要大寫,有造物主的意思,所以去見(jiàn)造物主了就是靈魂回歸了,也就是死亡的委婉說(shuō)法,就像我們也會(huì)說(shuō)某人“去見(jiàn)馬克思了”。
He knew that he came into the world with nothing and that he would go to meet his Maker with empty hands.
他知道他是一無(wú)所有的來(lái)到世上,也將會(huì)兩手空空的離開人間。
英語(yǔ)中其他常用的"過(guò)世"的委婉說(shuō)法還有:
His time has come.
He has climbed the golden staircase.
He is sleeping the final sleep.
He is resting in peace.
He has breathed his last.
He answered the last number.
He has joined the angels.