瑞典的GDP創(chuàng)下自1980年以來(lái)的最大降幅

瑞典的GDP創(chuàng)下自1980年以來(lái)的最大降幅

Sweden's gross domestic product took its largest tumble in a single quarter in modern history during the second quarter of this year, despite the country's decision to not shut down its economy.

今年第二季度，盡管瑞典決定不封鎖經(jīng)濟(jì)，該國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值出現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)代歷史上單季度最大跌幅。

The nation's GDP fell 8.6% during the three-month period ending in June, according to preliminary figures from Statistics Sweden. Yet, Sweden's economic decline, while dreadful, outpaced that of many other European countries.

瑞典統(tǒng)計(jì)局的初步數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在截至6月份的三個(gè)月里，瑞典國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值下降了8.6%。然而，瑞典的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退雖然可怕，卻超過(guò)了許多其他歐洲國(guó)家。

David Oxley, senior Europe economist at Capital Economics, said that the sharp contraction of the Swedish economy during the second quarter "confirms that it has not been immune to COVID, despite the government's well-documented light-touch lockdown."

資本經(jīng)濟(jì)的高級(jí)歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家戴維•奧克斯利表示，瑞典經(jīng)濟(jì)在第二季度的急劇收縮“證實(shí)了它并沒(méi)有免受COVID的影響，盡管政府有充分的證據(jù)證明其實(shí)施了溫和的封鎖”。

Sweden's relaxed approach to the coronavirus pandemic has resulted in global scrutiny. Unlike most countries in the world, Sweden didn't order a strict lockdown. Instead of closing down its economy, the country issued comparatively light restrictions — banning gatherings of over 50 people and otherwise asking people to maintain social distancing as best they can.

瑞典對(duì)冠狀病毒大流行采取的寬松政策已經(jīng)引起了全球的關(guān)注。與世界上大多數(shù)國(guó)家不同，瑞典沒(méi)有下令實(shí)施嚴(yán)格的封鎖。該國(guó)沒(méi)有關(guān)閉經(jīng)濟(jì)，而是頒布了相對(duì)寬松的限制——禁止50人以上的集會(huì)，并要求人們盡可能保持社交距離。

Swedish government officials have insisted that saving the economy was never the purpose of their controversial coronavirus strategy. Its aim was to save lives and reduce pressure on the country's health care system.

瑞典政府官員堅(jiān)稱(chēng)，拯救經(jīng)濟(jì)從來(lái)不是他們備受爭(zhēng)議的冠狀病毒策略的目的。它的目的是拯救生命，減輕國(guó)家醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)的壓力。

However, Sweden has counted nearly 82,000 confirmed coronavirus cases and its death toll stands at 5,766, according to data from John's Hopkins University.

然而，根據(jù)約翰霍普金斯大學(xué)的數(shù)據(jù)，瑞典有近82,000例確診冠狀病毒病例，死亡人數(shù)為5,766人。

That's far higher than its neighbors Denmark (617), Norway (256) and Finland (331), and at more than 56 deaths per 100,000 people, Sweden has a higher mortality rate than the U.S.

這遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于其鄰國(guó)丹麥(617人)、挪威(256人)和芬蘭(331人)，而且每10萬(wàn)人中有56人死亡，瑞典的死亡率高于美國(guó)。

It is next to impossible to say what effect, if any, the country's response had on its economy, since there are so many factors at play. It is clear, however, that the Swedish economy has fared much better during the second quarter than many other European economies.

由于有太多的因素在起作用，很難說(shuō)這個(gè)國(guó)家的應(yīng)對(duì)措施對(duì)其經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生了什么影響(如果有的話(huà))。不過(guò)，很明顯，瑞典經(jīng)濟(jì)在第二季度的表現(xiàn)要比許多其他歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)體要好得多。

Spain's economy recorded the highest decline among the 27 European Union members during the second quarter, its GDP fell 18.5% compared to the previous quarter.

第二季度，西班牙經(jīng)濟(jì)在27個(gè)歐盟成員國(guó)中跌幅最大，GDP比上一季度下降了18.5%。

Its neighbors Portugal (14.1%) and France (13.8%) experienced similarly large contractions of their respective economies during the second quarter. Even Germany, the continent's largest economy, recorded a double-digit drop (10.1%) when compared to the first three months of the year. The Baltic country of Lithuania (5.1%) reported the lowest decline.

其鄰國(guó)葡萄牙(14.1%)和法國(guó)(13.8%)在第二季度也經(jīng)歷了類(lèi)似的大規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)收縮。即使是歐洲大陸最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)體德國(guó)，與今年前三個(gè)月相比，也出現(xiàn)了兩位數(shù)的下降(10.1%)。波羅的海國(guó)家立陶宛(5.1%)的降幅最低。

"We expect our economy to shrink between 4-10% in 2020," Karin Olofsdotter, Sweden's ambassador to the United States, told NPR in April.

今年4月，瑞典駐美國(guó)大使卡琳•奧洛夫斯多特對(duì)美國(guó)國(guó)家公共電臺(tái)表示:“我們預(yù)計(jì)，到2020年，瑞典經(jīng)濟(jì)將收縮4-10%。”

Furthermore, Sweden's unemployment rate rose to 9.4% in June, the highest figure since 1998, and up more than 2 percentage points from the beginning of the year.

此外，瑞典的失業(yè)率在6月份升至9.4%，為1998年以來(lái)的最高水平，比年初上升了2個(gè)多百分點(diǎn)。

To mitigate the pandemic's economic effects, the Swedish government has enacted several legislative measures during the crisis, including a nearly $31 billion stimulus package in March.

為了減輕流行病對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響，瑞典政府在危機(jī)期間實(shí)施了幾項(xiàng)立法措施，其中包括今年3月出臺(tái)的一項(xiàng)近310億美元的經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激計(jì)劃。