美國(guó)10年驚人的就業(yè)增長(zhǎng)幾乎在4周內(nèi)消失殆盡

美國(guó)10年驚人的就業(yè)增長(zhǎng)幾乎在4周內(nèi)消失殆盡

The number of people filing for unemployment climbed by another 5.2 million last week as the toll of the nation's economic dive amid the pandemic continues to mount. That number is down from the revised 6.6 million in the week that ended April 4. the Labor Department said.

上周，美國(guó)首次申請(qǐng)失業(yè)救濟(jì)的人數(shù)又增加了520萬(wàn)人，因?yàn)樵诹鞲写罅餍衅陂g，美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)下滑的代價(jià)繼續(xù)攀升。勞工部稱，這一數(shù)字低于4月4日當(dāng)周修正后的660萬(wàn)。

But in the past four weeks, a total of 22 million have filed jobless claims — nearly wiping out all the job gains since the Great Recession.

但在過(guò)去四周，總共有2.200萬(wàn)人申請(qǐng)失業(yè)救濟(jì)，幾乎抹去了大蕭條以來(lái)所有的就業(yè)增長(zhǎng)。

The dramatic reversal followed a decade of spectacular growth in jobs that brought the unemployment rate to near 50-year lows along with record low jobless rates for blacks and Hispanics. Now the job market is on its knees.

在這一戲劇性的逆轉(zhuǎn)之前，美國(guó)就業(yè)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)歷了10年的高速增長(zhǎng)，失業(yè)率降至近50年來(lái)的最低水平，黑人和拉美裔美國(guó)人的失業(yè)率也創(chuàng)下歷史新低。現(xiàn)在，就業(yè)市場(chǎng)陷入了困境。

The unemployment rate is expected to surge in coming months, with many full-time workers pushed into part-time jobs or not working at all. The economy lost about 700.000 jobs in March — ending 113 straight months of increases. And overall job losses are likely to be 10 to 20 times that big in April, says Dante DeAntonio, an economist at Moody's Analytics.

失業(yè)率預(yù)計(jì)在未來(lái)幾個(gè)月將大幅上升，許多全職工人被迫去做兼職工作，或者根本不工作。美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)在3月份失去了大約70萬(wàn)個(gè)就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，結(jié)束了連續(xù)113個(gè)月的增長(zhǎng)。穆迪分析的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家丹蒂•德安東尼奧表示，4月份的總失業(yè)人數(shù)可能是這個(gè)數(shù)字的10至20倍。

"The speed and scale of job losses will be more similar to a natural disaster than a typical recession," DeAntonio says.

“失業(yè)的速度和規(guī)模更像是一場(chǎng)自然災(zāi)害，而不是一場(chǎng)典型的衰退，”德安東尼奧說(shuō)。

In its first four weeks, the crisis has erased job openings "at a rate that took the Great Recession nine months to match," says Daniel Zhao, senior economist at Glassdoor.

Glassdoor高級(jí)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家丹尼爾•趙表示，在危機(jī)爆發(fā)后的頭四周，新增就業(yè)崗位“以大衰退9個(gè)月才達(dá)到的速度”減少。

While the first wave of layoffs tended to hit hospitality, energy and retail workers, the current round is affecting a broader swath of the economy.

盡管第一波裁員潮傾向于沖擊酒店業(yè)、能源業(yè)和零售業(yè)的員工，但當(dāng)前這一輪裁員正在影響更廣泛的經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域。

Gregory Daco, chief U.S. economist at Oxford Economics, says the April unemployment report is likely to show a loss of 3.4 million jobs in business services, which include architects, lawyers, consultants and advertising professionals.

牛津經(jīng)濟(jì)研究院的首席美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家格雷戈里·達(dá)科說(shuō)，4月份的失業(yè)報(bào)告可能會(huì)顯示，包括建筑師、律師、顧問(wèn)和廣告專業(yè)人員在內(nèi)的商業(yè)服務(wù)行業(yè)將減少340萬(wàn)個(gè)工作崗位。

"The virus shock does not discriminate across sectors as we initially thought," Daco told The Wall Street Journal.

達(dá)科在接受《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》采訪時(shí)說(shuō)：“病毒沖擊并不像我們最初想象的那樣，在各個(gè)行業(yè)之間造成歧視。

Zhao says that "it's hard to find an industry or city not impacted by the coronavirus currently."

趙說(shuō):“目前很難找到一個(gè)不受冠狀病毒影響的行業(yè)或城市。”