中國(guó)新億萬(wàn)富翁：更年輕、更快成功、更愛(ài)冒險(xiǎn)

The ranks of the richest people on the planet are no longer dominated by stuffy industrial tycoons and real estate barons with multigenerational empires.

地球上最富有人群不再由古板的工業(yè)大亨和擁有幾代帝國(guó)的房地產(chǎn)巨頭們所主宰。

China minted two new billionaires each week last year, according to a study on wealth by the Swiss bank UBS and the consultancy PwC. And this is a younger, self-made Asian class that is redefining what it means to be ultra-wealthy.

根據(jù)瑞士的瑞銀集團(tuán)(UBS)和咨詢(xún)機(jī)構(gòu)普華永道(PwC)對(duì)財(cái)富進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究，中國(guó)去年每周都會(huì)新增兩名億萬(wàn)富翁。而且，這是亞洲一個(gè)較為年輕的、靠個(gè)人奮斗成功的階層，他們正在重新定義身為超級(jí)富豪的意義。

China added a net total of 55 new billionaires last year. (Actually 106 people in the country joined the superrich league during the period, but almost half of that amount also dropped off the list.) That brought the grand total of billionaires in the country to 373, or nearly one in five of the global total.

中國(guó)去年共計(jì)增加55名億萬(wàn)富翁(實(shí)際上，該國(guó)有106人在該時(shí)期加入了超級(jí)富豪的行列，但有約半數(shù)跌出了這個(gè)名單)。這讓該國(guó)億萬(wàn)富翁的總數(shù)達(dá)到373人，幾乎占全球總數(shù)的五分之一。

Billionaire wealth in China has increased almost 40 percent, to $1.12 trillion year-on-year. Based on current rates of growth, Chinese billionaires will outnumber their American counterparts within four years.

中國(guó)億萬(wàn)富翁的財(cái)富同比增長(zhǎng)了近40%，達(dá)到1.12萬(wàn)億美元。按照目前的增長(zhǎng)速率，中國(guó)億萬(wàn)富翁的數(shù)量將在四年內(nèi)超越美國(guó)。

Technology is helping to line the pockets of many new Chinese billionaires — including Zhang Yiming of the video-sharing app ByteDance and Wang Jian, the co-founder of the Shenzhen-based gene sequencing company BGI. China is now producing almost as many unicorns, or companies worth at least $1 billion, as the United States.

科技幫助許多中國(guó)新億萬(wàn)富翁的口袋鼓了起來(lái)——包括視頻分享應(yīng)用程序字節(jié)跳動(dòng)的張一鳴，以及總部位于深圳的基因測(cè)序公司華大基因的共同創(chuàng)始人汪建。中國(guó)如今出現(xiàn)的獨(dú)角獸公司數(shù)量幾乎跟美國(guó)一樣多。獨(dú)角獸指那些估值至少在10億美元的公司。

But China’s billionaires differ markedly from their global peers. With an average age of 55 years, they are almost a decade younger. They create wealth faster and take their companies public earlier; 17 percent of China’s new billionaires founded their businesses within the last ten years, more than twice as many as in the United States.

但中國(guó)的億萬(wàn)富翁們與全球億萬(wàn)富翁有著顯著不同。他們平均年齡55歲，幾乎要比全球水平年輕10歲。他們創(chuàng)造財(cái)富的速度更快，公司上市的時(shí)間也更早;中國(guó)新億萬(wàn)富翁中的17%都是在過(guò)去10年里創(chuàng)辦自己公司的，這個(gè)數(shù)字比美國(guó)多了兩倍。

Chinese billionaires are also bigger risk takers, which resulted in the high turnover in their ranks that saw 51 people lose the title there last year. As local authorities clamp down on corruption, China’s wealthy will also fear attracting too much scrutiny.

中國(guó)億萬(wàn)富翁也承擔(dān)了更大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這也導(dǎo)致該群體的高更替率，去年有51人失去了這個(gè)頭銜。隨著地方當(dāng)局反腐，中國(guó)的富人也會(huì)對(duì)吸引太多審視目光感到擔(dān)憂。