奧巴馬譴責(zé)“強(qiáng)人政治”，暗批特朗普

Without mentioning President Donald Trump by name, former President Barack Obama delivered a pointed rebuke of “strongman politics” on Tuesday, warning about growing nationalism, xenophobia and bigotry in the United States and around the world, while offering a full-throated defense of democracy, diversity and the liberal international order.

在沒(méi)有點(diǎn)名提到唐納德·特朗普總統(tǒng)的情況下，前總統(tǒng)貝拉克·奧巴馬(Barack Obama)于周二發(fā)表了對(duì)“強(qiáng)人政治”的嚴(yán)厲譴責(zé)，警告民族主義、仇外心理和狹隘在美國(guó)乃至全世界正呈上升態(tài)勢(shì)，同時(shí)竭盡全力為民主、多樣性和自由主義國(guó)際秩序聲辯。

A day after Trump met with President Vladimir Putin of Russia, Obama delivered his highest-profile speech since leaving office, at an event in South Africa marking the 100th anniversary of Nelson Mandela’s birth.

在特朗普會(huì)見(jiàn)俄羅斯總統(tǒng)弗拉基米爾·普京(Vladimir Putin)后第二天，奧巴馬在南非舉行的紀(jì)念納爾遜·曼德拉(Nelson Mandela)誕辰100周年的活動(dòng)上發(fā)表了自卸任以來(lái)的最高調(diào)演講。

“Look around,” he said. “Strongman politics are ascendant suddenly, whereby elections and some pretense of democracy are maintained, the form of it, but those in power seek to undermine every institution or norm that gives democracy meaning.”

“四下環(huán)顧，”他說(shuō)。“強(qiáng)人政治突然崛起，雖然選舉和民主的一些外在形式得以維持，但當(dāng)權(quán)者在試圖破壞賦予民主意義的所有制度或規(guī)范。”

Obama opened his nearly 90-minute speech with a nod to current events, saying that times were “strange and uncertain” and that “each day’s news cycle is bringing more head-spinning and disturbing headlines.” He said that leaders embracing the “politics of fear, resentment and retrenchment” were undermining the international system established after World War II.

奧巴馬發(fā)表了近90分鐘的演講，提到了當(dāng)前的重大事件，稱(chēng)現(xiàn)在的時(shí)代“奇怪且充滿(mǎn)不確定性”，而且“每天的新聞播報(bào)帶來(lái)更多令人頭疼與不安的消息。”他說(shuō)，這些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人采納“恐怖、怨恨和緊縮的政治”，它們正在破壞第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后建立的國(guó)際體系。

“That kind of politics is now on the move,” Obama told a crowd of thousands at a stadium in Johannesburg. “It’s on a move at a pace that would have seemed unimaginable just a few years ago. I’m not being alarmist; I’m simply stating the facts.”

“這種政治現(xiàn)在正在不斷發(fā)展，”奧巴馬在約翰內(nèi)斯堡一個(gè)體育場(chǎng)對(duì)成千上萬(wàn)人說(shuō)道。“它正在以幾年前似乎還難以想象的速度發(fā)展。我不是危言聳聽(tīng);我只是陳述事實(shí)。”

Just the day before, Trump had stood next to Putin in Helsinki, Finland, and disputed his own intelligence agencies’ conclusion that Moscow, at the behest of Putin, interfered in the 2016 presidential election. Trump said he believed Putin’s denial, earning widespread condemnation, even from some members of his own party.

就在前一天，在芬蘭的赫爾辛基，特朗普站在普京身邊，對(duì)自己的情報(bào)機(jī)構(gòu)的結(jié)論——莫斯科在普京要求下干涉了2016年的總統(tǒng)大選——表示質(zhì)疑。特朗普說(shuō)，他相信普京的否認(rèn)。這令他受到了普遍譴責(zé)，甚至共和黨內(nèi)的一些成員也批評(píng)他。

Obama seemed to take direct aim at Trump over his administration’s policies and his propensity for exaggerations and falsehoods. He said he was stunned how the notion of objective truth was now up for debate and how politicians make up facts and stand by baseless claims even after they are proven wrong.

奧巴馬似乎是在直接針對(duì)特朗普，反對(duì)他的政府的政策，以及他夸大和說(shuō)謊的傾向。他說(shuō)，現(xiàn)在連客觀真相也成了可以爭(zhēng)辯的東西;政客捏造事實(shí)，支持毫無(wú)根據(jù)的主張，甚至當(dāng)它們被證明是錯(cuò)的之后也不改口，這一切令他震驚。

“We see the utter loss of shame among political leaders, where they’re caught in a lie and they just double down and lie some more,” he said. “Look, let me say: Politicians have always lied, but it used to be that if you caught them lying, they’d be like, ‘Ah, man.'”

“我們看到政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人完全失去了羞恥感，他們陷入謊言之中，結(jié)果只是變本加厲，說(shuō)更多的謊言，”他說(shuō)。“是這樣，我得說(shuō)：政客們一向會(huì)撒謊，但是在過(guò)去，如果你抓住他們?nèi)鲋e，他們會(huì)說(shuō)，‘哈，這個(gè)嘛。’”

Throughout the speech, Obama returned to the ideals promoted by Mandela, the anti-apartheid South African leader, saying that his release from prison in 1990 inspired a wave of racial and gender equality and economic progress nearly everywhere. Countries were lifted out of poverty. Entrepreneurs surfaced from all parts of the world.

在整場(chǎng)演講中，奧巴馬經(jīng)常提到反種族隔離的南非領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人曼德拉所倡導(dǎo)的理想，他說(shuō)，曼德拉1990年從監(jiān)獄獲釋的消息，幾乎在所有地方都激起了種族和性別平等以及經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)步的浪潮。很多國(guó)家擺脫了貧困。創(chuàng)業(yè)者在世界各地涌現(xiàn)。

But the financial collapse of 2008, Obama said, ushered in severe economic hardship, lost wages and unemployment that led many people to question how drastically the world had changed with globalization and technology. They became wary of immigration and denounced powerful elites in both politics and places like financial institutions, he said.

但是，奧巴馬說(shuō)，2008年的金融崩潰帶來(lái)了嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)困難、工資減少和失業(yè)，導(dǎo)致許多人質(zhì)疑全球化和技術(shù)能否極大地改變世界。他說(shuō)，他們開(kāi)始警惕移民，并譴責(zé)政治領(lǐng)域和金融機(jī)構(gòu)等領(lǐng)域內(nèi)有權(quán)勢(shì)的精英。

The ideals promoted by Mandela are now at risk, he added.

他還說(shuō)，曼德拉提出的理想目前面臨著威脅。

“On Madiba’s 100th birthday, we now stand at a crossroads,” Obama said, using Mandela’s clan name, a term of affection in South Africa for him. “A moment in time in which two very different visions of humanity’s future compete for the hearts and minds of citizens around the world. Two different stories, two different narratives, about who we are and who we should be.”

“在馬迪巴(Madiba)誕辰100周年之際，我們現(xiàn)在處于十字路口，”奧巴馬用曼德拉的部族名字來(lái)稱(chēng)呼他，這在南非是一種昵稱(chēng)。“在這個(gè)時(shí)刻，兩個(gè)對(duì)人類(lèi)未來(lái)截然不同的愿景，正在爭(zhēng)奪全世界公民的心靈與思想。兩個(gè)不同的故事，兩種不同的敘述，這關(guān)乎我們是什么人，我們應(yīng)該成為什么人。”

After a stop over the weekend in Kenya, his father’s home country, Obama traveled to South Africa to deliver the keynote address at the Nelson Mandela Annual Lecture. He joked about how Mandela’s widow Graça Machel had invited him — “I was ordered in a very nice way to be here,” he said — and that he had forgotten that it was winter this time of year in South Africa.

周末在他父親的祖國(guó)肯尼亞停留后，奧巴馬前往南非，在納爾遜·曼德拉年度講座(Nelson Mandela Annual Lecture)上發(fā)表主題演講。他開(kāi)玩笑地說(shuō)起曼德拉的遺孀格拉薩·馬歇爾(Graça Machel)是如何邀請(qǐng)他的——“她以一種非常親切的方式勒令我來(lái)，”他說(shuō)——而且他忘記了南非這個(gè)時(shí)候正值冬天。

“I didn’t bring a coat and this morning, I had to send someone out to the mall because I’m wearing long johns,” Obama said, adding: “I was born in Hawaii.”

“我沒(méi)帶大衣來(lái)，今天早上，我不得不派人去商場(chǎng)，因?yàn)?，我要穿秋褲?rdquo;奧巴馬說(shuō)，并且：“我可是在夏威夷出生的。”