中國警告赴美游客：小心槍支暴力

HONG KONG — China has warned its citizens about traveling to a foreign country with “highly frequent” gun violence.

香港——中國已經(jīng)警告其公民不要前往某個槍支暴力“頻發(fā)”的國家。

That oh-so-dangerous place? The United States.

那個極其危險的地方是哪里?美國。

The notice, issued by the Chinese Embassy in Washington on Saturday, was China’s latest effort to warn tourists about a land where gun violence kills about as many people as car accidents — a rate that far exceeds that of any other rich nation.

中國駐華盛頓大使館上周六發(fā)布的這份提示，是中國試圖警告旅游者不要來美國的最近一次努力，美國的槍支暴力每年造成的死亡人數(shù)與車禍差不多，這個比例遠遠超過其他任何富裕國家。

The notice also said robberies and burglaries were common in the United States, and warned Chinese tourists to be cautious of “suspicious” people there. “Avoid going out alone at night,” it added. “If in danger, please be calm and call 911.”

提示還說，搶劫和盜竊在美國很常見，并警告中國旅游者在那里要警惕“可疑”的人。“避免單獨夜間外出，”提示還說。“如遇危險，請冷靜應對，并撥打911電話報警。”

Some social media users in China took the warning to heart.

中國的一些社交媒體用戶很重視這個警告。

“Just a gentle reminder to everyone: The U.S. is not safe,” one user wrote on Sina Weibo, a Twitter-like microblogging service.

“給大家一個溫馨提示：美國不安全，”一位用戶在類似Twitter的新浪微博上寫道。

“Domestic destinations are best for your summer vacation, especially Xinjiang, which is a paradise on earth,” the user added, referring to a restive region in China’s far west that is troubled by occasional ethnic violence and domestic terrorism.

“國內(nèi)的旅游目的地最適合你的暑假安排，尤其是新疆，那里是人間天堂，”該用戶補充說，新疆是中國偏遠西部的一個動蕩地區(qū)，偶爾發(fā)生種族暴力和國內(nèi)恐怖主義襲擊。

China, with a population of nearly 1.4 billion, has led the world since 2012 in the number of tourists who travel abroad, the United Nations reported last year. Its tourists spent $261 billion abroad in 2016, or more than twice as much as travelers from the United States, which ranked second in total spending on international tourism.

聯(lián)合國去年發(fā)布的報告顯示，自2012年以來，擁有近14億人口的中國是世界上出境旅游人數(shù)最多的國家。2016年，中國游客在海外花了2610億美元，是美國游客海外花銷的兩倍多。美國在國際旅游支出總額中排名第二。

The rise in Chinese tourism overseas is partly related to rising incomes, but also to a sense among China’s growing ranks of affluent people that overseas tourism is an indicator of quality of life, according to a 2017 survey of Chinese and other tourists by Nielsen, the market research firm. Nearly half of that survey’s Chinese respondents said the safety of a destination would affect where they traveled.

中國人海外旅游的增長，在一定程度上與人們收入的增長有關，但也與一個感覺有關：中國越來越多的富人覺得，出境游是生活質(zhì)量的一個指標，市場研究公司尼爾森(Nielsen)在2017年對中國及其他國家的游客進行的一項調(diào)查顯示。近一半的中國受訪者說，目的地的安全程度會影響他們?nèi)ナ裁吹胤健?/p>

The number of Chinese tourists visiting the United States has been rising steadily, to nearly three million in 2016, up from 525,000 in 2009, according to the Department of Commerce.

美國商務部的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，中國赴美游客人數(shù)一直在穩(wěn)步增長，2016年達到近300萬，這個數(shù)字在2009年是52.5萬。

But China’s annual report on human rights in the United States, issued in response to the State Department’s annual reports on human rights in China, usually mentions gun violence. And the Chinese Embassy’s recent security notice was not the first of its kind.

不過，作為對美國國務院發(fā)布的中國人權報告的響應，中國每年也發(fā)布有關美國人權的報告，通常會在報告里提槍支暴力。中國大使館最近發(fā)出的安全提示也不是第一次提槍支問題。

After a Chinese student was shot and killed in Arizona in 2016, the Chinese Embassy warned against traveling to “crime scenes and tough neighborhoods.” And in 2017, the Chinese Consulate in Los Angeles published a translated guide on responding to so-called active shooters.

一名中國學生于2016年在亞利桑那州被槍殺后，中國大使館曾警告公民不要去“犯罪現(xiàn)場和治安條件不好的社區(qū)”。2017年，中國駐洛杉磯領事館曾摘譯過一份指南，告訴公民如何應對“正在行兇的槍手”。

In February, after a gunman killed 17 people at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Fla., a newspaper controlled by China’s ruling Communist Party criticized the United States for its high level of gun violence. It said that American expressions of concern about human rights abroad were hypocritical moralizing considering Washington’s failure to prevent bloodshed at home.

今年2月，一名槍手在佛羅里達州帕克蘭市馬喬里·斯通曼·道格拉斯高中(Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School)開槍打死了17人之后，中國的執(zhí)政黨共產(chǎn)黨控制的一家報紙批評美國槍支暴力泛濫。該文說，考慮到華盛頓無法控制美國國內(nèi)的殺戮，美國對國外人權問題表示關切是虛偽的道德說教。

And in an April notice on WeChat, a messaging platform, the Chinese Foreign Ministry warned that gun crimes happened frequently in America.

中國外交部今年4月在即時通訊平臺微信上發(fā)通知警告說，美國經(jīng)常發(fā)生槍支犯罪。

“Be careful and prepare for the possibility that gun crimes may occur at workplaces, schools, at home and at tourist sites,” the notice said.

“要多加小心，對工作場所、學校、家庭和旅游景點發(fā)生槍支犯罪的可能性要有所準備，”通知說。

Knife attacks are relatively common in China, where firearms are strictly regulated. But the level of gun violence there is not even remotely on the order of what occurs in the United States.

在槍支管制很嚴的中國，持刀襲擊相對常見。但中國的槍支暴力與美國的相比低幾個數(shù)量級。

A 2015 study found that from 1966 to 2012, 31 percent of the attackers in mass shootings worldwide were American. Adjusted for population, the study said, only Yemen had a higher rate of mass shootings than the United States among countries with more than 10 million people.

2015年的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，從1966年到2012年，在全球范圍內(nèi)制造大規(guī)模槍擊案的襲擊者中，31%是美國人。該研究稱，把人口因素考慮進來之后，在人口超過1000萬的國家中，只有也門的大規(guī)模槍擊發(fā)生率高于美國。

A 2016 report by the Small Arms Survey, a Swiss nonprofit group, said the mortality rate for gun homicide in the United States was 31.2 deaths per million people. The only countries with higher rates were El Salvador and Mexico, with rates of 446.3 and 121.7 deaths per million people, respectively.

瑞士非營利組織“小型武器調(diào)查”(Small Arms Survey)在2016年發(fā)布的一份報告中稱，美國槍支他殺的死亡率是每百萬人31.2人。只有薩爾瓦多和墨西哥的槍支他殺死亡率更高，分別是每百萬人446.3人和每百萬人121.7人。

By contrast, the report said the risk of being killed with a gun in China — 1.6 deaths per million people — was roughly equivalent to dying in a plane crash in the United States. (And in Japan, where the rate was 0.1 deaths per million people, the risk was about the same as the chance of being struck in the U.S. by lightning.)

相比之下，該報告稱，中國每百萬人中有1.6人因槍殺死亡，在中國被槍殺的風險與在美國死于空難的風險大致相當。(在日本，每百萬人的槍殺死亡率為0.1，這種風險與在美國被閃電擊中的概率大致相同。)

In January, the State Department warned Americans planning trips to China about arbitrary detentions, as well as special restrictions on people with dual United States and Chinese citizenship. But it said nothing about violence and linked to another State Department report which noted that China is “generally considered safe.”

今年1月，美國國務院曾警告計劃前往中國的美國人，警惕中國的任意拘禁問題，還提醒擁有美國和中國雙重國籍的人注意中國的特別限制。不過警告中沒有提暴力問題，并給出了國務院的另一份報告的鏈接。那份報告提到，中國“通常被認為是一個安全的地方”。