中國(guó)警告赴美游客：小心槍支暴力
香港——中國(guó)已經(jīng)警告其公民不要前往某個(gè)槍支暴力“頻發(fā)”的國(guó)家。
That oh-so-dangerous place? The United States.
那個(gè)極其危險(xiǎn)的地方是哪里?美國(guó)。
The notice, issued by the Chinese Embassy in Washington on Saturday, was China’s latest effort to warn tourists about a land where gun violence kills about as many people as car accidents — a rate that far exceeds that of any other rich nation.
中國(guó)駐華盛頓大使館上周六發(fā)布的這份提示，是中國(guó)試圖警告旅游者不要來美國(guó)的最近一次努力，美國(guó)的槍支暴力每年造成的死亡人數(shù)與車禍差不多，這個(gè)比例遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過其他任何富裕國(guó)家。
The notice also said robberies and burglaries were common in the United States, and warned Chinese tourists to be cautious of “suspicious” people there. “Avoid going out alone at night,” it added. “If in danger, please be calm and call 911.”
提示還說，搶劫和盜竊在美國(guó)很常見，并警告中國(guó)旅游者在那里要警惕“可疑”的人。“避免單獨(dú)夜間外出，”提示還說。“如遇危險(xiǎn)，請(qǐng)冷靜應(yīng)對(duì)，并撥打911電話報(bào)警。”
Some social media users in China took the warning to heart.
中國(guó)的一些社交媒體用戶很重視這個(gè)警告。
“Just a gentle reminder to everyone: The U.S. is not safe,” one user wrote on Sina Weibo, a Twitter-like microblogging service.
“給大家一個(gè)溫馨提示：美國(guó)不安全，”一位用戶在類似Twitter的新浪微博上寫道。
“Domestic destinations are best for your summer vacation, especially Xinjiang, which is a paradise on earth,” the user added, referring to a restive region in China’s far west that is troubled by occasional ethnic violence and domestic terrorism.
“國(guó)內(nèi)的旅游目的地最適合你的暑假安排，尤其是新疆，那里是人間天堂，”該用戶補(bǔ)充說，新疆是中國(guó)偏遠(yuǎn)西部的一個(gè)動(dòng)蕩地區(qū)，偶爾發(fā)生種族暴力和國(guó)內(nèi)恐怖主義襲擊。
China, with a population of nearly 1.4 billion, has led the world since 2012 in the number of tourists who travel abroad, the United Nations reported last year. Its tourists spent $261 billion abroad in 2016, or more than twice as much as travelers from the United States, which ranked second in total spending on international tourism.
聯(lián)合國(guó)去年發(fā)布的報(bào)告顯示，自2012年以來，擁有近14億人口的中國(guó)是世界上出境旅游人數(shù)最多的國(guó)家。2016年，中國(guó)游客在海外花了2610億美元，是美國(guó)游客海外花銷的兩倍多。美國(guó)在國(guó)際旅游支出總額中排名第二。
The rise in Chinese tourism overseas is partly related to rising incomes, but also to a sense among China’s growing ranks of affluent people that overseas tourism is an indicator of quality of life, according to a 2017 survey of Chinese and other tourists by Nielsen, the market research firm. Nearly half of that survey’s Chinese respondents said the safety of a destination would affect where they traveled.
中國(guó)人海外旅游的增長(zhǎng)，在一定程度上與人們收入的增長(zhǎng)有關(guān)，但也與一個(gè)感覺有關(guān)：中國(guó)越來越多的富人覺得，出境游是生活質(zhì)量的一個(gè)指標(biāo)，市場(chǎng)研究公司尼爾森(Nielsen)在2017年對(duì)中國(guó)及其他國(guó)家的游客進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示。近一半的中國(guó)受訪者說，目的地的安全程度會(huì)影響他們?nèi)ナ裁吹胤健?/p>
The number of Chinese tourists visiting the United States has been rising steadily, to nearly three million in 2016, up from 525,000 in 2009, according to the Department of Commerce.
美國(guó)商務(wù)部的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，中國(guó)赴美游客人數(shù)一直在穩(wěn)步增長(zhǎng)，2016年達(dá)到近300萬，這個(gè)數(shù)字在2009年是52.5萬。
But China’s annual report on human rights in the United States, issued in response to the State Department’s annual reports on human rights in China, usually mentions gun violence. And the Chinese Embassy’s recent security notice was not the first of its kind.
不過，作為對(duì)美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院發(fā)布的中國(guó)人權(quán)報(bào)告的響應(yīng)，中國(guó)每年也發(fā)布有關(guān)美國(guó)人權(quán)的報(bào)告，通常會(huì)在報(bào)告里提槍支暴力。中國(guó)大使館最近發(fā)出的安全提示也不是第一次提槍支問題。
After a Chinese student was shot and killed in Arizona in 2016, the Chinese Embassy warned against traveling to “crime scenes and tough neighborhoods.” And in 2017, the Chinese Consulate in Los Angeles published a translated guide on responding to so-called active shooters.
一名中國(guó)學(xué)生于2016年在亞利桑那州被槍殺后，中國(guó)大使館曾警告公民不要去“犯罪現(xiàn)場(chǎng)和治安條件不好的社區(qū)”。2017年，中國(guó)駐洛杉磯領(lǐng)事館曾摘譯過一份指南，告訴公民如何應(yīng)對(duì)“正在行兇的槍手”。
In February, after a gunman killed 17 people at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Fla., a newspaper controlled by China’s ruling Communist Party criticized the United States for its high level of gun violence. It said that American expressions of concern about human rights abroad were hypocritical moralizing considering Washington’s failure to prevent bloodshed at home.
今年2月，一名槍手在佛羅里達(dá)州帕克蘭市馬喬里·斯通曼·道格拉斯高中(Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School)開槍打死了17人之后，中國(guó)的執(zhí)政黨共產(chǎn)黨控制的一家報(bào)紙批評(píng)美國(guó)槍支暴力泛濫。該文說，考慮到華盛頓無法控制美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)的殺戮，美國(guó)對(duì)國(guó)外人權(quán)問題表示關(guān)切是虛偽的道德說教。
And in an April notice on WeChat, a messaging platform, the Chinese Foreign Ministry warned that gun crimes happened frequently in America.
中國(guó)外交部今年4月在即時(shí)通訊平臺(tái)微信上發(fā)通知警告說，美國(guó)經(jīng)常發(fā)生槍支犯罪。
“Be careful and prepare for the possibility that gun crimes may occur at workplaces, schools, at home and at tourist sites,” the notice said.
“要多加小心，對(duì)工作場(chǎng)所、學(xué)校、家庭和旅游景點(diǎn)發(fā)生槍支犯罪的可能性要有所準(zhǔn)備，”通知說。
Knife attacks are relatively common in China, where firearms are strictly regulated. But the level of gun violence there is not even remotely on the order of what occurs in the United States.
在槍支管制很嚴(yán)的中國(guó)，持刀襲擊相對(duì)常見。但中國(guó)的槍支暴力與美國(guó)的相比低幾個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí)。
A 2015 study found that from 1966 to 2012, 31 percent of the attackers in mass shootings worldwide were American. Adjusted for population, the study said, only Yemen had a higher rate of mass shootings than the United States among countries with more than 10 million people.
2015年的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，從1966年到2012年，在全球范圍內(nèi)制造大規(guī)模槍擊案的襲擊者中，31%是美國(guó)人。該研究稱，把人口因素考慮進(jìn)來之后，在人口超過1000萬的國(guó)家中，只有也門的大規(guī)模槍擊發(fā)生率高于美國(guó)。
A 2016 report by the Small Arms Survey, a Swiss nonprofit group, said the mortality rate for gun homicide in the United States was 31.2 deaths per million people. The only countries with higher rates were El Salvador and Mexico, with rates of 446.3 and 121.7 deaths per million people, respectively.
瑞士非營(yíng)利組織“小型武器調(diào)查”(Small Arms Survey)在2016年發(fā)布的一份報(bào)告中稱，美國(guó)槍支他殺的死亡率是每百萬人31.2人。只有薩爾瓦多和墨西哥的槍支他殺死亡率更高，分別是每百萬人446.3人和每百萬人121.7人。
By contrast, the report said the risk of being killed with a gun in China — 1.6 deaths per million people — was roughly equivalent to dying in a plane crash in the United States. (And in Japan, where the rate was 0.1 deaths per million people, the risk was about the same as the chance of being struck in the U.S. by lightning.)
相比之下，該報(bào)告稱，中國(guó)每百萬人中有1.6人因槍殺死亡，在中國(guó)被槍殺的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與在美國(guó)死于空難的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大致相當(dāng)。(在日本，每百萬人的槍殺死亡率為0.1，這種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與在美國(guó)被閃電擊中的概率大致相同。)
In January, the State Department warned Americans planning trips to China about arbitrary detentions, as well as special restrictions on people with dual United States and Chinese citizenship. But it said nothing about violence and linked to another State Department report which noted that China is “generally considered safe.”
今年1月，美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院曾警告計(jì)劃前往中國(guó)的美國(guó)人，警惕中國(guó)的任意拘禁問題，還提醒擁有美國(guó)和中國(guó)雙重國(guó)籍的人注意中國(guó)的特別限制。不過警告中沒有提暴力問題，并給出了國(guó)務(wù)院的另一份報(bào)告的鏈接。那份報(bào)告提到，中國(guó)“通常被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)安全的地方”。
