“文金會(huì)”，一場外交大秀
一個(gè)握手，跨越了世界上戒備最為森嚴(yán)的邊界。一場漫長的一對(duì)一橋上談話，超出了麥克風(fēng)的收音范圍。經(jīng)過了一年的威脅，在這個(gè)分裂的半島上，兩個(gè)宿敵正在呼吁和平。
Friday’s summit meeting between the leaders of North and South Korea was a master class in diplomatic choreography, with each scene arranged for its power as political theater and broadcast live. In a perilous standoff that has resisted solutions, it was these images that offered hope, much more than the actual results from the meeting — vague pledges to work toward nuclear disarmament and a peace treaty.
周五，朝韓領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的會(huì)晤是一節(jié)外交之舞的大師班，每個(gè)場景都被用作政治舞臺(tái)并進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場直播。在這場一直抗拒去解決問題的危險(xiǎn)對(duì)峙中，這些畫面給人們帶來的希望遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于這次會(huì)議的真正結(jié)果——向著核裁軍以及和平條約努力的泛泛承諾。
The dance between Kim Jong-un, the leader of North Korea, and President Moon Jae-in of South Korea began with a two-step: Each leader crossed the border into the other man’s country before they headed, hand in hand for a few moments, to a meeting in Panmunjom, the truce village at the center of the heavily fortified Demilitarized Zone.
朝鮮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人金正恩和韓國總統(tǒng)文在寅之間的這場舞蹈開頭是兩個(gè)邁步：兩位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人都跨過了國界走入了對(duì)方的國家，握了好一會(huì)兒的手，才一同前往板門店舉行會(huì)議。板門店停戰(zhàn)村位于戒備森嚴(yán)的非軍事區(qū)中心。
From there, the talks unfolded in ways both surprisingly public and surprisingly profound. Few settings present a backdrop more dramatic than the Demilitarized Zone, the bloodstained border that has divided the Korean Peninsula for 70 years and at which the leaders of North and South Korea have never previously met.
自此，談話的展開既出奇地公開，也驚人地玄奧。幾乎沒有什么場景能比非軍事區(qū)這個(gè)背景更具有戲劇性了，這個(gè)血染的邊界分裂了朝鮮半島70年，朝韓兩國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人也從未在此地舉行過會(huì)面。
The highlight took place in the late afternoon, when Mr. Kim and Mr. Moon sat at the end of a blue bridge in a wooded area and engaged in what appeared to be deep conversation in full view of journalists’ cameras. They looked less like sworn enemies than members of the same family, separated by a generation. They spoke alone, without aides, for about 30 minutes, a face-to-face discussion that many would have thought impossible only a few months ago.
本次會(huì)晤在下午晚些時(shí)候最為精彩。金正恩和文在寅坐在林區(qū)的一座藍(lán)橋盡頭，在記者的鏡頭下，似乎在進(jìn)行深入的對(duì)話。他們看起來不再像不共戴天的仇敵，而更像是家人，只不過隔了一代人。他們在沒有助手的情況下單獨(dú)進(jìn)行了30分鐘的談話，這是人們在幾個(gè)月前還認(rèn)為不可能發(fā)生的面對(duì)面商談。
The world looked on and tried to figure out from their gestures and facial expressions how it was going. Mr. Moon appeared to do most of the talking, with Mr. Kim’s serious mien breaking into quick smiles here and there.
世界在看著，并試圖從他們的姿態(tài)和面部表情中看出進(jìn)展。大部分的時(shí)間似乎都是文在寅在說話，態(tài)度嚴(yán)肅的金正恩則時(shí)不時(shí)地露出一閃而過的微笑。
In details large and small, the men, each an expert in political messaging, made the most of their shared stage.
在大大小小的細(xì)節(jié)之中，這兩位傳遞政治信息的專家都充分利用了這個(gè)共同的舞臺(tái)。
For Mr. Kim, it was something of a debut, in which he presented himself to a global audience without the protection of the state media he controls or the filter of visitors such as the basketball star Dennis Rodman, one of the few outsiders who has met him.
對(duì)金正恩來說，這可謂首次亮相。沒有受他控制的朝鮮官方媒體保護(hù)，也沒有籃球明星丹尼斯·羅德曼(Dennis Rodman)這樣經(jīng)過篩選的訪客——后者是為數(shù)不多的幾個(gè)曾與他見過面的外部人士之一，金正恩就這樣出現(xiàn)在了全球觀眾的面前。
Shifting his weight from side to side while speaking, he projected confidence in a husky voice — a voice usually heard only in prepared speeches broadcast in the North.
在談話中，金正恩不時(shí)將身體重心從一條腿轉(zhuǎn)移到另一條腿上，沙啞的聲音中傳遞著自信——這樣的聲音，通常只會(huì)在朝鮮境內(nèi)播放的有準(zhǔn)備的講話中聽到。
[Read selected quotes from Kim Jong-un’s remarks during the historic summit meeting here.]
[點(diǎn)擊閱讀金正恩在這次歷史性首腦會(huì)晤中的評(píng)論引言節(jié)選。]
Many watching in South Korea saw him as a younger, more heavyset version of his grandfather, North Korea’s founder, Kim Il-sung, and some noted his heavy breathing and wondered about his health.
韓國的許多觀眾都將金正恩視為他的祖父、朝鮮國父金日成的一個(gè)更加年輕、更為敦實(shí)的版本。也有人注意到了他沉重的呼吸，好奇他的健康狀況如何。
There were glimpses of the absolute authority he wields at home too. Mr. Kim drove to lunch in a Mercedes limousine surrounded by 12 running bodyguards, for instance. And before he signed a guest book in the lobby of the conference hall, North Korean officials rushed to disinfect the desk and chair, as well as the book and a nearby pen. (Even after all that, Mr. Kim used a pen provided by his sister, Kim Yo-jong, the only woman in his delegation.)
從中，也可以窺見他在朝鮮的絕對(duì)權(quán)威。例如，金正恩在乘坐一輛奔馳豪華轎車前去進(jìn)午餐時(shí)，有12名保鏢跑步跟隨。當(dāng)他在會(huì)議大廳簽署訪客留言簿之前，朝鮮官員趕忙為桌椅消毒，包括留言簿和旁邊的一支鋼筆。(即便如此，金正恩還是用了代表團(tuán)內(nèi)唯一的女性——妹妹金與正[Kim Yo-jong]遞給他的鋼筆。)
At other moments Mr. Kim and Mr. Moon savored the symbolism of their shared history: embracing in front of a painting of Mount Kumgang, a North Korean landmark cherished on both sides of the border, and admiring a wall of calligraphy in hangul, the Korean alphabet.
其他一些時(shí)刻，金正恩和文在寅還品味了雙方共同歷史的象征：他們在金剛山的畫作前細(xì)細(xì)查看，這是雙方珍愛有加的朝鮮地標(biāo);他們還欣賞了一面寫有韓文的書法墻。
Summit meetings are typically staid and closed-door affairs. Details filter out only in jargon-filled communiqués intended to be oblique. Friday’s meeting was almost the opposite, largely held outdoors under a bright spring sun.
首腦會(huì)晤通常是枯燥的閉門會(huì)議。會(huì)議細(xì)節(jié)只會(huì)在拐彎抹角、充滿術(shù)語的公告中有所透露。周五則幾乎恰恰相反，會(huì)議的大部分時(shí)間都在晴朗的春日戶外進(jìn)行。
The encounter was a stark contrast with what came before: a secretive visit Mr. Kim made to Beijing last month under the cover of night, and two previous summit meetings in which Mr. Moon’s predecessors traveled to the hermetic North Korean capital, Pyongyang, to see Mr. Kim’s father, Kim Jong-il.
這次會(huì)晤與之前的情況形成了鮮明的對(duì)比：上個(gè)月，金正恩趁著夜色前往北京進(jìn)行了秘密訪問;在此前的兩次峰會(huì)上，文在寅的前任們前往朝鮮與世隔絕的首都平壤，會(huì)晤了金正恩的父親金正日(Kim Jong-il)。
The morning was filled with the classics of public diplomacy — broad smiles, long handshakes, even a joke about North Korean missile tests waking the South Korean president early in the morning. But sometimes there was a twist. There was the traditional pomp and pageantry of a South Korean honor guard, but the soldiers wore 19th-century imperial costumes, recalling a time before the peninsula was divided by ideology and war.
這個(gè)上午充滿了公開外交的經(jīng)典場景——燦爛的笑容、長時(shí)間的握手，甚至還有一個(gè)關(guān)于朝鮮導(dǎo)彈試驗(yàn)清晨把韓國總統(tǒng)叫醒的笑話。但也有一個(gè)令人意外的安排。韓國儀仗隊(duì)展現(xiàn)了傳統(tǒng)的排場和盛況，但士兵們穿著19世紀(jì)的皇家服飾，讓人想起了朝鮮半島被意識(shí)形態(tài)和戰(zhàn)爭分裂之前的時(shí)代。
As the day progressed, the scale of the meetings became more intimate. A large delegation of officials was whittled down before lunch to six people — three South Koreans and three North Koreans, including Mr. Kim’s sister.
隨著當(dāng)天時(shí)間的推移，會(huì)議的規(guī)模變得更加私密。一大批官員代表在午餐前被削減至六人——三名韓國人和三名朝鮮人，包括金正恩的妹妹。
In a lighthearted moment — one of several — Mr. Moon noted how Mr. Kim’s sister stole the show when she visited South Korea for the Winter Olympics in February, prompting laughter from delegates — and a blush from Ms. Kim.
在一個(gè)輕松的時(shí)刻——這樣的時(shí)刻出現(xiàn)了幾次——文在寅提到，今年2月，金正恩的妹妹來韓國參加冬奧會(huì)時(shí)搶走了冬奧會(huì)的風(fēng)頭，引來了與會(huì)代表的笑聲，金女士臉紅了。
Even the clothing the two leaders wore projected a message. For Mr. Moon, a dark business suit was paired with a light blue tie that echoed the hue used in the Korean Unification Flag, which the countries use when competing together as a single team at international sporting events.
甚至連兩位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的服飾也傳遞著信息。文在寅穿的是一套深色西服，搭配淺藍(lán)色領(lǐng)帶，與朝鮮統(tǒng)一旗(Korean Unification Flag)的色調(diào)相呼應(yīng)。朝鮮統(tǒng)一旗是這兩個(gè)國家在國際體育賽事上以一個(gè)球隊(duì)的身份參賽時(shí)所用的旗幟。
Mr. Kim wore an austere black Mao-style suit, a message to his citizens that despite being in enemy territory he was still committed to the ideals — and dress — of his grandfather, Kim Il-sung, North Korea’s founder, who ordered the 1950 invasion of the South that started the Korean War.
金正恩穿的是樸素的黑色毛式夾克，向他的國民傳遞這樣的信息：盡管身在敵國的領(lǐng)土上，他仍致力于他的祖父、朝鮮開國者金日成的理想，傳承著他的服飾。金日成1950年下令入侵韓國，打響了朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭。
The day began with Mr. Kim stepping over the concrete slab that marks the border between the two countries, becoming the first North Korean leader to set foot in the South. (That achievement may soon be overshadowed by his meeting with Mr. Trump, when he would become the first North Korean leader to meet with a sitting American president.)
在這一天的開始，金正恩跨過了標(biāo)志著兩國邊界的混凝土板，成為第一位踏上韓國領(lǐng)土的朝鮮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人(這個(gè)成就可能很快就會(huì)被他與特朗普的會(huì)晤蓋過風(fēng)頭，屆時(shí)他將成為首位會(huì)見在任美國總統(tǒng)的朝鮮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人)。
Inside Peace House, the building in which a meeting of top-level officials took place, even the décor was chosen for its political optics.
在和平之家(Peace House)的內(nèi)部——兩國曾在這里舉行過一場高層官員會(huì)晤——甚至連裝潢用品的選擇都具有政治意味。
The table and chairs inside the meeting room were designed with a pattern evoking two bridges coming together, foreshadowing the bridge on which the two men would later hold their one-on-one conversation.
會(huì)議室里的桌椅布置像兩座連接在一起的橋，預(yù)示著兩人之后會(huì)在橋上進(jìn)行一對(duì)一的交談。
At another moment infused with symbolism, the men replanted a tree with soil and water taken from both sides of the border. It was originally planted in the DMZ in 1953, the year the Korean War effectively ended in an armistice.
在另一個(gè)充滿象征意義的時(shí)刻，兩位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人用從邊界兩側(cè)取來的土和水重新種下了一棵樹。那棵樹最初是1953年在非軍事區(qū)種下的，當(dāng)時(shí)朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭實(shí)際上根據(jù)停戰(zhàn)協(xié)議停止了。
As the cameras rolled, the two leaders unveiled a new plaque dedicated to “peace and prosperity.”
在照相機(jī)和攝像機(jī)的記錄下，兩位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人揭開了一塊頌揚(yáng)“和平與繁榮”的新牌匾。
An army of journalists recorded the words. Just yards away, two actual armies stood at the ready, much as they have for 70 years.
一大群記者記錄下了這些話。就在幾碼遠(yuǎn)外，兩支真正的軍隊(duì)整裝待命，就像他們70年來所做的那樣。
North Korea’s state-run media had yet to report on the summit meeting as of Friday night. South Korean officials said the North was expected to broadcast edited footage from the meeting at a later time.
截至周五晚間，朝鮮官方媒體還沒有對(duì)這次峰會(huì)進(jìn)行報(bào)道。韓國官員表示，預(yù)計(jì)朝鮮會(huì)在晚些時(shí)候播放這次會(huì)晤的剪輯片段。
But Mr. Kim took the time to thank the journalists covering the meeting — a surprise gesture from a country where there is no freedom of press.
不過，金正恩花了一些時(shí)間，感謝報(bào)道這次會(huì)議的記者們——對(duì)一個(gè)沒有新聞自由的國家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人來說，這是一個(gè)令人驚訝的舉動(dòng)。
“If all North and South Koreans can travel freely on the path I took today, if Panmunjom becomes a symbol of peace, not of painful division, the two Koreas with their one blood, one language, one history and one culture will prosper for thousands of generations,” he said after signing the joint declaration with Mr. Moon.
“如果所有朝鮮人和韓國人可以在我今天走過的路上自由通行，如果板門店能成為和平的象征，而不是痛苦分裂的象征，那么，流著同樣的血、說著同一種語言、擁有同樣的歷史和文化的朝韓將會(huì)世代繁榮，”金正恩在與文在寅簽署聯(lián)合聲明后表示。
Mr. Kim’s wife, Ri Sol-ju, and the South Korean first lady, Kim Jung-sook, joined their husbands for dinner, where Mr. Kim spoke again. “We are protagonists of history,” he said. “We are shouldering missions that no one else is going to carry for us.”
金正恩的妻子李雪主(Ri Sol-ju)和韓國第一夫人金正淑(Kim Jung-sook)與她們的丈夫一起共進(jìn)晚餐，金正恩再次發(fā)表講話。“我們是歷史的主角，”他說，“我們肩負(fù)著其他任何人都無法替代的使命。”
The day ended with a farewell ceremony outdoors set to a mix of modern K-pop and traditional Korean folk music. Mr. Moon and Mr. Kim held hands as they stood looking on.
這一天以室外告別儀式結(jié)束，現(xiàn)場演奏的既有現(xiàn)代韓國流行音樂，也有朝鮮傳統(tǒng)民族音樂。文在寅和金正恩手牽著手站立觀看。
