寧德時(shí)代成為全球比較大電動(dòng)車(chē)電池制造商

China’s CATL has claimed to be the world’s largest electric vehicle battery maker in a filing ahead of its $2bn initial public offering in Shenzhen, marking the speed of growth for a seven-year-old company that reflects Beijing’s ambition to dominate production in the key technology. 正準(zhǔn)備在深圳進(jìn)行首次公開(kāi)發(fā)行(IPO)募資20億美元的寧德時(shí)代新能源科技有限公司(CATL)在招股說(shuō)明書(shū)申報(bào)稿中聲稱(chēng)，其已成為全球最大的電動(dòng)車(chē)電池制造商。一家成立僅7年的企業(yè)發(fā)展如此之快，反映了北京方面想要在這個(gè)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)中占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位的雄心。

Contemporary Amperex Technology Co said it was a supplier to global car companies including BMW and Volkswagen, and had started working with Chinese electric car start-up Nio, whose backers include Tencent, JD.com and Baidu. 該公司表示，它是包括寶馬(BMW)、大眾(Volkswagen)在內(nèi)的多家跨國(guó)汽車(chē)公司的供應(yīng)商，并已開(kāi)始與中國(guó)電動(dòng)車(chē)初創(chuàng)公司蔚來(lái)(Nio)合作，后者的投資方包括騰訊(Tencent)、京東(JD.com)和百度(Baidu)。

This expanding customer base helped pushed battery sales to 12 Gigawatt hours last year, ahead of Japan’s Panasonic, the company said in its filing. 寧德時(shí)代在招股書(shū)中表示，不斷擴(kuò)大的客戶基礎(chǔ)推動(dòng)其去年電池銷(xiāo)量達(dá)到12GWh，超過(guò)了日本的松下電器(Panasonic)，后者銷(xiāo)量是10GWh。

Panasonic sold 10 GWh, it said, as measured by the amount of electrical energy, which is the standard used to measure battery capacity. 寧德時(shí)代的快速發(fā)展突顯了中國(guó)主導(dǎo)電動(dòng)車(chē)行業(yè)供應(yīng)鏈的雄心，中國(guó)政府限制外國(guó)電池制造商為全球最大的中國(guó)市場(chǎng)供貨。

The growth of CATL highlights China’s ambition to dominate the supply chain for electric cars, which has seen the government restrict foreign battery producers from supplying its domestic market, the world’s largest. 電池技術(shù)對(duì)電動(dòng)車(chē)的性能至關(guān)重要，因?yàn)殡姵厥请妱?dòng)車(chē)上最貴、最重的組件。伯恩斯坦(Bernstein)的分析師表示，一組續(xù)航里程500公里的電池現(xiàn)在的成本約為2萬(wàn)美元，相比之下，一臺(tái)汽油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的成本只有5000美元。

Battery technology is critical for the success of EVs, since they are the costliest and heaviest component of the car. A battery pack with a range of 500km costs around $20,000 today, compared with the $5,000 cost of a gasoline engine, according to analysts at Bernstein. 他們表示，技術(shù)進(jìn)步將有助于降低電池成本，使電動(dòng)車(chē)成本最早在2021年降到與汽油車(chē)相當(dāng)。

Advances in technology will help push down battery costs, making EVs cost competitive with petrol cars as early as 2021, they said. 2011年，化學(xué)家曾毓群(Robin Zeng)在中國(guó)東部的寧德市成立了寧德時(shí)代，它是從日本電池制造商——新能源科技集團(tuán)(ATL)剝離出來(lái)的。寧德時(shí)代希望利用此次IPO募集的資金擴(kuò)容24GWh的電池產(chǎn)能，使總產(chǎn)能到2020年達(dá)到50GWh。

CATL was founded in 2011 in the eastern city of Ningde by chemist Robin Zeng as a spin-off of Japan’s battery maker ATL. It hopes to use the proceeds of its IPO for an additional 24 GWh of battery capacity to reach a total of 50 GWh by 2020. 特斯拉汽車(chē)(Tesla Motor)與松下合資、位于內(nèi)華達(dá)州的“超級(jí)工廠”(Gigafactory)的電池年產(chǎn)能目標(biāo)是35GWh。

Tesla Motor’s is targeting annual capacity of 35 GWh of batteries at its Gigafactory in Nevada, which is a joint-venture with Panasonic. 然而，松下正在追趕寧德時(shí)代。松下周二表示，其位于大連的中國(guó)首家電池工廠已開(kāi)始生產(chǎn)電動(dòng)車(chē)電池。

Panasonic is catching up to CATL, however. The company said Tuesday it had started production of EV batteries at its first battery factory in China, in the north eastern city of Dalian. 該公司表示：“隨著這家工廠開(kāi)始汽車(chē)鋰離子電池的量產(chǎn)、發(fā)貨，松下如今擁有了覆蓋日本、美國(guó)、中國(guó)這三個(gè)全球關(guān)鍵地的生產(chǎn)體系。”

“With the beginning of mass production shipments of automobile lithium-ion batteries from this factory, Panasonic now has a production system covering Japan, the United States, and China, the three key global locations,” it said. 寧德時(shí)代的客戶包括了所有中國(guó)大型汽車(chē)制造商，如上汽集團(tuán)(SAIC Motor)、北汽集團(tuán)(BAIC Group)、吉利(Geely)、東風(fēng)汽車(chē)(Dongfeng Motor)、長(zhǎng)安汽車(chē)(Changan Auto)等。

CATL’s customers include all the major Chinese producers including SAIC Motor, BAIC Group, Geely, Dongfeng Motor, and Changan Auto. 但該公司也在國(guó)際上擴(kuò)張，并在去年收購(gòu)了芬蘭的瓦爾麥特汽車(chē)(Valmet Automotive) 22%的股份，后者曾為薩博(Saab)、歐寶(Opel)、保時(shí)捷(Porsche)和梅賽德斯-奔馳(Mercedes-Benz)制造汽車(chē)。

But the company is also expanding internationally, and last year bought a 22 per cent stake in Finland’s Valmet Automotive, which has manufactured cars for Saab, Opel, Porsche and Mercedes-Benz. 寧德時(shí)代2017年的電池銷(xiāo)量數(shù)據(jù)包括電動(dòng)汽車(chē)電池，也包括電動(dòng)巴士和電動(dòng)卡車(chē)的電池。該公司表示，去年凈利潤(rùn)增至39.7億元人民幣(合6.28億美元)，前年為30.2億元人民幣。

The company’s 2017 battery sales figures include batteries in electric cars as well as electric buses and trucks. CATL said its net income rose to RMB3.97bn ($628m) last year, compared to RMB 3.02bn a year earlier. 譯者/申凱