日本兩家加密貨幣交易所被勒令暫停營(yíng)業(yè)

Japan’s Financial Services Agency has ordered two cryptocurrency exchanges — Bitstation and FSHO — to stop doing business for a month. Five others, including Coincheck, were instructed to improve internal controls and report back to the regulator.

日本金融廳(Financial Services Agency)下令兩家加密貨幣交易所——Bitstation和FSHO——停止?fàn)I業(yè)一個(gè)月，并命令包括Coincheck在內(nèi)的另外五家交易所加強(qiáng)內(nèi)部控制，且要向這家監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)作匯報(bào)。

The action follows an investigation into digital currency exchanges that found poor compliance with anti-money laundering standards, badly trained staff and “misappropriated” cryptocurrencies. The probe followed a $500m theft, in January, at Coincheck, one of the largest operators.

這次行動(dòng)之前，一項(xiàng)對(duì)數(shù)字貨幣交易所的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)它們未能遵守反洗錢(qián)規(guī)定，員工缺乏培訓(xùn)，且存在“侵吞”加密貨幣現(xiàn)象。這項(xiàng)調(diào)查是因最大運(yùn)營(yíng)商之一Coincheck 1月份失竊5億美元而引起的。

The crackdown is likely to prompt a shake-up in Japan’s booming market for cryptocurrency trading as weaker exchanges go out of business or team up with larger, better-organised competitors.

此次整治可能會(huì)促使日本繁榮的加密貨幣交易市場(chǎng)發(fā)生洗牌，弱小的交易所出局，或與規(guī)模較大、組織更好的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手合作。

Financial companies often struggle to bounce back from a business suspension order, making it a potent regulatory punishment.

金融公司被要求暫停經(jīng)營(yíng)后，往往很難恢復(fù)元?dú)?，因此這是一種有力的監(jiān)管懲罰。

It also raises questions about the quality of the FSA’s original regulatory scrutiny of the 32 cryptocurrency exchanges in Japan. Sixteen are operating with full licences and a further 16, including Coincheck, rely on provisional authorisation to trade.

這也令人開(kāi)始質(zhì)疑日本金融廳對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)32家加密貨幣交易所最初的監(jiān)管審查質(zhì)量。16家交易所擁有正式許可證，而包括Coincheck在內(nèi)的另外16家依靠臨時(shí)的經(jīng)營(yíng)授權(quán)。

Although the FSA’s on-site inspections are not complete, it has found cases where exchanges did not follow anti-money laundering rules or had inadequate internal controls.

雖然日本金融廳的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢查仍未完成，但已發(fā)現(xiàn)交易所存在沒(méi)有遵守反洗錢(qián)規(guī)定或內(nèi)控機(jī)制不足的情況。

At Nagoya-based Bitstation, a company official “misappropriated user cryptocurrencies for private use”, said the FSA. It ordered Bitstation to halt its business until April 7 and report on improvements to its handling of user funds.

日本金融廳稱(chēng)，總部位于名古屋的Bitstation的一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)人“侵占用戶(hù)的加密貨幣做私用”。它要求Bitstation暫停營(yíng)業(yè)至4月7日，并報(bào)告其對(duì)用戶(hù)資金處理的改進(jìn)。

At FSHO, based in Yokohama, the regulator said staff were inadequately trained and did not follow internal procedures. “There were repeated cases of high-value cryptocurrency trades with no judgment made about the need for notification of a suspicious transaction,” said the regulator.

日本金融廳稱(chēng)，在總部位于橫濱的FSHO，員工不但缺乏培訓(xùn)，而且沒(méi)有遵守內(nèi)部程序。該監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)表示：“大額的加密貨幣交易一再發(fā)生，而沒(méi)有人對(duì)是否需要報(bào)告可疑交易做出判斷”。

FSHO was also ordered to suspend trading until April 7 and make the necessary notifications of suspicious transactions.

FSHO也被要求暫停營(yíng)業(yè)至4月7日，并報(bào)告可疑交易。

Hackers broke into Coincheck’s systems in the early hours of the morning on January 26 and stole about $500m of the cryptocurrency XEM belonging to 260,000 customers.

1月26日凌晨，黑客侵入Coincheck的系統(tǒng)，偷走了約5億美元的加密貨幣XEM，這些加密貨幣屬于26萬(wàn)名客戶(hù)。

Coincheck has vowed to repay customers from its own resources but the credibility of that plan is still unclear. The company has restarted yen withdrawals, letting customers with cash on deposit to remove it. However, trading in cryptocurrencies remains suspended until Coincheck improves security.

Coincheck誓言將以自己的資源償還客戶(hù)，但該計(jì)劃的可信度仍不清楚。該公司已重新啟動(dòng)日元提款，讓賬戶(hù)上有現(xiàn)金存款的客戶(hù)取出款項(xiàng)。但在Coincheck提高其安全性之前，加密貨幣交易仍然暫停。

Japan is one of the only jurisdictions in the world to embrace and regulate cryptocurrency trading. The resulting boom in activity put the country at the heart of a tenfold surge in the price of bitcoin, the leading cryptocurrency, during 2017.

日本是全球少數(shù)擁抱加密貨幣交易并對(duì)其進(jìn)行監(jiān)管的司法管轄區(qū)之一。由此帶來(lái)的交易繁榮使日本成為2017年期間比特幣——主要加密貨幣——價(jià)格飆升10倍的中心。

Investors are waiting to see if the FSA’s crackdown spreads from tighter enforcement of the existing rules to changes in the permissive regulatory environment.

投資者正拭目以待，看日本金融廳的整治活動(dòng)是否由加強(qiáng)對(duì)現(xiàn)有規(guī)定的執(zhí)行，擴(kuò)展到改變當(dāng)前寬松的監(jiān)管環(huán)境。