生態(tài)環(huán)境損害賠償將全國(guó)試行

中共中央辦公廳、國(guó)務(wù)院辦公廳近日印發(fā)了《生態(tài)環(huán)境損害賠償制度改革方案》，自2018年1月1日起，在全國(guó)試行生態(tài)環(huán)境損害賠償制度。

 

 

The turret of the Palace Museum in Beijing is seen in a clear day on Nov 22, 2017. [Photo/IC]

By 2020, China aims to establish an efficient comprehensive damage compensation system to protect and improve the country's ecosystem.

到2020年，力爭(zhēng)在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)構(gòu)建保障有力、修復(fù)有效的生態(tài)環(huán)境損害賠償制度。

該方案中所稱生態(tài)環(huán)境損害(ecological and environmental damage)，是指因污染環(huán)境、破壞生態(tài)(environmental pollution and ecological damage)造成大氣、地表水、地下水、土壤、森林等環(huán)境要素和植物、動(dòng)物、微生物等生物要素的不利改變(unfavorable changes of environmental elements such as air, surface water, underground water, soil and forest, as well as biological elements such as plants, animals and microbes)，以及上述要素構(gòu)成的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能退化(functional deterioration of ecosystem)。

方案規(guī)定，違反法律法規(guī)，造成生態(tài)環(huán)境損害的單位或個(gè)人(individuals or companies that cause environmental damage)，應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)生態(tài)環(huán)境損害賠償責(zé)任，做到應(yīng)賠盡賠;生態(tài)環(huán)境損害無(wú)法修復(fù)的(if the damages are beyond restoration)，實(shí)施貨幣賠償(monetary compensation)，用于替代修復(fù)。省級(jí)、市地級(jí)政府可指定相關(guān)部門(mén)或機(jī)構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)生態(tài)環(huán)境損害賠償具體工作(the process will be managed by institutions designated by provincial or municipal governments)。跨省域的生態(tài)環(huán)境損害(trans-provincial ecological damage)，由生態(tài)環(huán)境損害地的相關(guān)省級(jí)政府協(xié)商開(kāi)展生態(tài)環(huán)境損害賠償工作。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

環(huán)境損害 environmental damage

海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境損害 marine ecological and environmental damages

河流污染 river pollution

水污染 water contamination

大氣污染防治強(qiáng)化督查 strict inspection over air pollution prevention and control

環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè) environmental monitoring

非法排污 illegal discharge of pollutants

環(huán)保警察 environmental police