特朗普政府對(duì)華施壓要求對(duì)朝鮮斷油

Donald Trump is putting pressure on China to cut off oil exports to Pyongyang, as part of a stepped-up campaign to convince North Korean dictator Kim Jong Un to abandon his nuclear and ballistic missile programmes.

唐納德•特朗普(Donald Trump)正向中國(guó)施壓，要求中國(guó)切斷對(duì)平壤的石油出口，強(qiáng)化讓朝鮮獨(dú)裁者金正恩(Kim Jong Un)明白應(yīng)放棄其核武和彈道導(dǎo)彈計(jì)劃的努力。

Rex Tillerson, US secretary of state, and HR McMaster, national security adviser, on Tuesday said the Trump administration wanted China to go beyond existing UN sanctions by cutting off supplies of crude oil to North Korea. The move would impose significant economic pain on the hermit regime.

周二美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿雷克斯•蒂勒森(Rex Tillerson)和國(guó)家安全顧問(wèn)赫伯特•雷蒙德•麥克馬斯特(HR McMaster)表示，特朗普政府希望中國(guó)在現(xiàn)有的聯(lián)合國(guó)(UN)對(duì)朝制裁措施之外更進(jìn)一步——切斷朝鮮的原油供應(yīng)。這一舉措將給這個(gè)與世隔絕的政權(quán)帶來(lái)巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)影響。

“The president would like to see China cut the oil off,” Mr Tillerson said at the Atlantic Council, a Washington-based think-tank. “The last time the North Koreans came to the table, it was because China cut the oil off. Three days later the North Koreans were at the table talking.”

“總統(tǒng)希望看到中國(guó)切斷石油供應(yīng)。”蒂勒森對(duì)華盛頓智庫(kù)大西洋理事會(huì)(Atlantic Council)說(shuō)，“上次朝鮮回到談判桌上，是因?yàn)橹袊?guó)切斷了石油供應(yīng)，3天后朝鮮人就在談判桌上講話了。”

In what appeared to be a change of policy, Mr Tillerson added that the US was prepared to talk with Pyongyang at any time, a reversal from previous statements that North Korea would have to halt tests for a period of time before negotiations could be entertained.

美國(guó)似乎改變了政策，蒂勒森補(bǔ)充稱美國(guó)準(zhǔn)備隨時(shí)與平壤談判，這與美國(guó)之前聲明的立場(chǎng)相左。此前美國(guó)聲稱，朝鮮必須停止武器試驗(yàn)一段時(shí)間，然后才能進(jìn)行談判。

“We’re ready to have the first meeting without preconditions. Let’s just meet. We can talk about the weather if you want,” he said. “We can talk about whether it’s gonna be a square table or a round table if that’s what you’re excited about. But can we at least sit down and see each other face to face.”

“我們準(zhǔn)備在沒有先決條件的情況下進(jìn)行第一次會(huì)面。我們只要會(huì)面就好了。如果對(duì)方愿意的話，我們可以談?wù)勌鞖狻?rdquo;他說(shuō)，“如果感興趣的話，我們可以談?wù)務(wù)勁凶朗欠阶肋€是圓桌。但我們至少可以坐下來(lái)，面對(duì)面相見。”

While his language was a departure from past comments, the White House issued a statement in response, saying the president’s views “have not changed”.

雖然蒂勒森的措辭與過(guò)去美國(guó)對(duì)此事的評(píng)論相左，白宮對(duì)此的回應(yīng)是發(fā)表一條聲明，稱總統(tǒng)的想法“沒有改變”。

Under Mr Trump, the US has pursued a “maximum pressure” campaign that includes a range of bilateral and multilateral sanctions aimed at convincing Mr Kim to negotiate, with the end goal of ending his missile programmes.

特朗普政府對(duì)朝鮮推行“最大壓力”策略，包括一系列雙邊和多邊制裁，目的是讓金正恩明白應(yīng)該談判，終極目標(biāo)是終結(jié)金正恩的導(dǎo)彈計(jì)劃。

Mr Tillerson said the US had held discussions with China about how to safeguard North Korea’s nuclear arsenal in the event that the regime collapsed — an important development since China had long refused to conduct contingency planning with the US.

蒂勒森表示，有關(guān)如果朝鮮政權(quán)瓦解，該如何確保朝鮮的核武庫(kù)不出問(wèn)題，美國(guó)已經(jīng)與中國(guó)進(jìn)行了討論。這是一個(gè)重要進(jìn)展，因?yàn)橹袊?guó)此前長(zhǎng)期拒絕與美國(guó)規(guī)劃應(yīng)急方案。

He said the US had also assured China that should US troops cross into North Korea as part of a conflict, they would later “retreat back south of the 38th parallel” that divides the two Koreas. In addition to concerns about North Korean refugees flowing into China because of regime collapse, Beijing is worried about losing the buffer that keeps US troops far from its border.

他說(shuō)，美國(guó)還向中國(guó)保證，如果沖突發(fā)生后，美國(guó)軍隊(duì)進(jìn)入朝鮮，他們會(huì)在之后“撤回到三八線以南”。三八線是將朝鮮半島分割為朝鮮和韓國(guó)的界線。中國(guó)擔(dān)心朝鮮政權(quán)瓦解導(dǎo)致朝鮮難民涌入中國(guó)，此外也擔(dān)心失去讓美軍遠(yuǎn)離中國(guó)邊界的緩沖地帶。

Nikki Haley, US ambassador to the UN, tried to convince China to support an oil embargo following the ICBM test, according to one person familiar with the efforts. But the Chinese have resisted, partly because they are annoyed that the US recently put North Korea back on the list of state sponsors of terrorism, a move that some analysts said had little value and would be an obstacle to diplomacy.

據(jù)一位知情人士透露，在朝鮮進(jìn)行洲際彈道導(dǎo)彈試驗(yàn)之后，美國(guó)駐聯(lián)合國(guó)大使妮基•黑利(Nikki Haley)試圖說(shuō)服中國(guó)支持對(duì)朝鮮實(shí)施石油禁運(yùn)。但中國(guó)拒絕了這一提案，部分原因是中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)把朝鮮重新列入支持恐怖主義國(guó)家名單而惱火。一些分析人士認(rèn)為，美國(guó)此舉沒有多大價(jià)值，還將成為外交方面的障礙。

Follow Demetri Sevastopulo and Katrina Manson on Twitter: @dimi @katrinamanson 譯者/徐行