阿里巴巴與俄羅斯比較大銀行放棄合作計劃

Plans for an ambitious partnership between Russia’s biggest bank and China’s ecommerce group have fallen apart after nearly a year of negotiations, people familiar with the talks have told the Financial Times.

知情人士告訴英國《金融時報》，在歷經(jīng)近一年的談判后，俄羅斯最大銀行俄羅斯聯(lián)邦儲蓄銀行(Sberbank)與中國電商巨頭阿里巴巴(Alibaba)雄心勃勃的合作計劃流產(chǎn)。

Sberbank, which holds half of all Russian retail deposits, and Alibaba, which recorded $547bn of gross merchandise volume last fiscal year, had planned to bring that clout to bear in an ecommerce push in Russia, where more than half the 140m population use the internet daily.

俄羅斯聯(lián)邦儲蓄銀行的零售存款約占全俄羅斯的一半，而阿里巴巴上個財年的商品交易總額(GMV)達(dá)到5470億美元。兩家公司原本計劃強(qiáng)強(qiáng)聯(lián)手，在俄羅斯開拓電商業(yè)務(wù)。在俄羅斯1.4億人口中，一半以上的人每天都會上網(wǎng)。

The proposed tie-up was an attempt to leverage state-run Sberbank’s vast client base with the Chinese ecommerce juggernaut to sell items to customers through the bank’s app.

按照之前的合作計劃，雙方原本打算利用身為國有銀行的俄羅斯聯(lián)邦儲蓄銀行的龐大客戶基礎(chǔ)以及阿里巴巴在電商領(lǐng)域的強(qiáng)大實力，通過俄羅斯聯(lián)邦儲蓄銀行的APP向客戶銷售商品。

But the companies abandoned the discussions after falling out over how it would work, the people said.

但知情人士表示，兩家公司在就如何開展業(yè)務(wù)產(chǎn)生分歧后放棄了談判。

Sberbank said: “We don’t comment on rumours.” Alibaba declined to comment.

俄羅斯聯(lián)邦儲蓄銀行表示：“我們不對傳言發(fā)表評論。”阿里巴巴拒絕置評。

Herman Gref, Sberbank’s chief executive, is friendly with Alibaba founder Jack Ma and has long been keen for the bank to move into technology-dominated sectors, which he sees as essential to stay relevant in a digital world. Last month, he said the bank would prioritise moves into ecommerce and medicine in addition to finance.

俄羅斯聯(lián)邦儲蓄銀行首席執(zhí)行官赫爾曼•格列夫(Herman Gref)與阿里巴巴創(chuàng)始人馬云(Jack Ma)是朋友。很長時間以來，格列夫一直希望該銀行進(jìn)軍由科技主導(dǎo)的行業(yè)，他認(rèn)為，這對于在數(shù)字世界站穩(wěn)腳跟至關(guān)重要。上月，他表示，除金融業(yè)以外，該銀行將優(yōu)先進(jìn)軍電商和醫(yī)藥行業(yè)。

“About 50 per cent of businesses [in Russia] work in trade and it’s all intermediary functions. With the growth of ecommerce all physical intermediaries will be a thing of the past” in five or six years, Mr Gref said.

格列夫表示，“(在俄羅斯)大約一半企業(yè)從事貿(mào)易行業(yè)，都是起到中介作用。隨著電商發(fā)展，”五六年后，“所有實體的中介性質(zhì)的企業(yè)都將落伍”。

In August, however, Sberbank announced a new joint venture with Yandex, the Russian search engine group, that is trying to turn Yandex.Market, a shopping comparison site, into a fully fledged ecommerce company. The bank invested Rbs30bn at a valuation of Rbs60bn ($1bn) and expects to conclude the deal by the end of the year.

然而在今年8月，俄羅斯聯(lián)邦儲蓄銀行宣布與俄羅斯搜索引擎集團(tuán)Yandex成立一家新的合資企業(yè)，Yandex正試圖把購物比價網(wǎng)站Yandex.Market轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐患页墒斓碾娮由虅?wù)公司。該銀行對這家估值600億盧布(合10億美元)的合資企業(yè)投資了300億盧布，并預(yù)計在今年年底完成交易。

A person briefed on the discussions said Mr Gref turned to Yandex after talks with Alibaba fell through over who would control the joint venture, which Sberbank saw as an attempt to gain access to its customer database without offering much in return.

一位知情人士表示，在就合資企業(yè)控制權(quán)問題與阿里巴巴談崩后，格列夫轉(zhuǎn)向了Yandex。俄羅斯聯(lián)邦儲蓄銀行認(rèn)為阿里巴巴組建合資企業(yè)意在利用其客戶數(shù)據(jù)庫卻不想提供多少東西作為交換。

But another person familiar with the companies’ thinking said the talks fell through later, after Sberbank invested in the Yandex joint venture and tried to partner it with Alibaba. “Alibaba doesn’t want to work with some comparison website,” the person said.

但另一位熟悉兩家公司想法的人士表示，俄羅斯聯(lián)邦儲蓄銀行投資于Yandex合資企業(yè)，并試圖讓它與阿里巴巴合作，后來談判失敗。該人士說：“阿里巴巴不想與比價網(wǎng)站合作。”

Russia is one of the biggest markets for AliExpress, Alibaba’s cross-border ecommerce business selling from China into international markets. Cross-border retail grew 37 per cent last year to more than Rbs300bn ($5bn), about a third of the total online market.

俄羅斯是全球速賣通(AliExpress)最大的市場之一，后者是阿里巴巴旗下從中國向國際市場銷售的跨境電子商務(wù)業(yè)務(wù)。俄羅斯跨境零售業(yè)務(wù)去年增長37%，至逾3000億盧布(合50億美元)，大約占到整個在線市場的三分之一。

Alibaba is holding early-stage discussions with other potential partners in Russia, but “it has to be a deal that makes sense”, the person said.

該人士表示，阿里巴巴正在與俄羅斯其他潛在合作伙伴進(jìn)行早期談判，但“交易必須合理”。