中國就市場經(jīng)濟地位起訴美國和歐盟

China has launched a legal challenge against the EU and US over their reluctance to treat it as a “market economy” under World Trade Organisation rules.

中國對歐盟和美國發(fā)起了法律挑戰(zhàn)，原因是它們不愿意把中國視為世界貿(mào)易組織(WTO)規(guī)則下的“市場經(jīng)濟”。

Beijing is unhappy with a provision that allows trading partners to use a special formula and prices in third countries to calculate punitive tariffs for non-market economies in anti-dumping cases. It is pushing for the provision to expire with Sunday’s 15th anniversary of its WTO membership.

北京方面不滿意入世時的一項條款，該條款允許貿(mào)易伙伴在針對非市場經(jīng)濟體的反傾銷案件中，使用特殊公式和第三國的價格來計算懲罰性關(guān)稅。它正在推動這項條款在12月11日中國入世15周年之際終止。

But the EU, US, Japan and other WTO members have resisted the move, prompting China on Monday to take the first step in launching a case with the global trade regulator.

但是歐盟、美國、日本和其他世貿(mào)組織成員抵制這一舉動，促使中國周一邁出了在世貿(mào)組織提起訴訟的第一步。

In a statement, China’s commerce ministry said it had requested consultations with both the EU and US and would seek to have a WTO panel rule.

中國商務(wù)部在一份聲明中說，它已經(jīng)要求與歐盟和美國分別展開磋商，并將尋求由一個世貿(mào)組織專家組進行裁決。

“China has communicated through many channels for the third-country comparison to expire. What’s very regrettable is that EU and US have not acted to allow it to expire. It has had a severe impact on Chinese exports,” it said. “China is protecting its lawful rights and acting appropriately to maintain the WTO rules.”

“中方此前已在多雙邊場合與相關(guān)世貿(mào)組織成員認真溝通，敦促其善意履行義務(wù)，按期終止反傾銷‘替代國’做法。但令人遺憾的是，美國、歐盟迄今沒有履行義務(wù)……對中國相關(guān)行業(yè)出口和就業(yè)造成了嚴重影響，”中國商務(wù)部稱。“中方提起世貿(mào)訴訟，維護自身合法權(quán)益和國際貿(mào)易規(guī)則的嚴肅性。”

The EU and US have resisted China’s bid for market economy status amid a flood of cheap Chinese steel on to world markets, which has sparked a wave of politically sensitive anti-dumping cases. In the EU, fears of an onslaught of cheap Chinese goods prompted the European Commission to recommend a fundamental shift in how it conducts anti-dumping cases. Under EU rules, Brussels imposed a 21 per cent tariff on the same steel products that were hit with a 266 per cent US tariff in 2015.

歐盟和美國抵制中國獲得市場經(jīng)濟地位的背景是，中國低價鋼材大量涌入世界市場，引發(fā)了一波政治敏感的反傾銷案件。在歐盟，對中國廉價產(chǎn)品大量涌來的擔(dān)心，已促使歐盟委員會(European Commission)建議對其調(diào)查反傾銷案件的方式進行根本轉(zhuǎn)變。根據(jù)歐盟規(guī)則，布魯塞爾對中國某些鋼材征收21%的關(guān)稅，而同樣的產(chǎn)品2015年在美國遭遇266%的關(guān)稅。

But the EU had hoped it could defuse the fight with Beijing by making other changes to its legislation.

但歐盟曾希望，它可以通過對其法律進行其他修改來化解與北京方面的爭執(zhí)。

“We regret that China is launching this dispute now despite the fact that the commission has already made a proposal to amend the legislation in question,” a spokesman for the commission said.

“我們感到遺憾的是，盡管歐盟委員會已提出修訂相關(guān)法律的建議，中方仍提交這一糾紛，”歐盟委員會發(fā)言人表示。