特朗普任命多名高盛人士擔任要職

It is less than four weeks since Donald Trump ran an attack ad on Hillary Clinton, using an image of Goldman Sachs chief Lloyd Blankfein to illustrate how the Democratic candidate favoured big business over small people.

就在不到四周以前，唐納德•特朗普(Donald Trump)還在用高盛(Goldman Sachs)首席執(zhí)行官勞爾德•貝蘭克梵(Lloyd Blankfein)的照片，投放對希拉里•克林頓(Hillary Clinton)的攻擊廣告，稱民主黨總統(tǒng)候選人偏好大企業(yè)而背離下層民眾的程度。

But since winning the presidential election, Mr Trump has turned to Goldman veteran after Goldman veteran. Stephen Bannon, appointed head of strategy, was a former M&A banker at the Wall Street bank; Steven Mnuchin, Mr Trump’s pick for Treasury secretary, had 17 years in various roles. Gary Cohn, Goldman’s president and chief operating officer, could complete a hat-trick of appointments if he caps a 25-year career at the bank with a move into government. Mr Cohn had a lengthy meeting with Mr Trump on Tuesday afternoon.

然而，自贏得總統(tǒng)選舉以來，特朗普已延攬一個又一個高盛資深人士。被任命為戰(zhàn)略主管的斯蒂芬•班農(nóng)(Stephen Bannon)曾是這家華爾街銀行的一位并購銀行家;而特朗普的財長人選史蒂芬•姆欽(Steven Mnuchin)曾以各種職位在該行工作了17年。如果高盛總裁兼首席運營官加里•科恩(Gary Cohn)以進入政府任職為其在該行25年的生涯畫上句號，那將完成特朗普對一系列高盛人士的任命。周二下午，科恩與特朗普會晤了很久。

So far at least, “it’s not been a swamp-draining exercise,” said Doug Landy, a partner at US law firm Milbank.

美邦律師事務所(Milbank, Tweed, Hadley & McCloy)合伙人道格•蘭迪(Doug Landy)表示，至少到目前為止，“這并不是排干沼澤的行為”。

But analysts note that Mr Trump has gone where other administrations led. Goldman people have played outsized roles in previous governments, whatever the political climate around ties to Wall Street.

但分析師們指出，特朗普只是在走歷屆行政當局走過的老路。不論圍繞與華爾街往來的政治氛圍如何，高盛人士在以往各屆政府中都扮演超大角色。

Robert Rubin and Hank Paulson both ran Goldman before becoming Treasury chiefs under presidents Bill Clinton and George W Bush, respectively. During the 2008-09 financial crisis and its aftermath, the corridors of power were stuffed with so many ex-Goldman people — including Neel Kashkari, a former assistant secretary of the Treasury for Financial Stability, and Gary Gensler at the Commodity Futures Trading Commission — that people began to refer to “Government Sachs”.

羅伯特•魯賓 (Robert Rubin)和漢克•保爾森(Hank Paulson)在分別擔任比爾•克林頓(Bill Clinton)總統(tǒng)和喬治•W•布什(George W Bush)總統(tǒng)手下的財政部長之前，都曾管理過高盛。在2008-09年的金融危機及其后續(xù)時期，權力走廊上擠滿了如此多的高盛人士(包括主管金融穩(wěn)定的財政部前助理部長尼爾•卡什卡利(Neel Kashkari)，以及商品期貨交易委員會(CFTC)的加里•詹斯勒(Gary Gensler))，以至于人們開始提到“高盛政府”(Government Sachs)的說法。

Goldman is by no means the only springboard into positions of power and influence. Citigroup has also been a rich source of state appointees in recent years, from Jack Lew, the current Treasury secretary, to Stanley Fischer, vice-chairman of the Federal Reserve.

高盛絕不是進入具有實權和影響力的崗位的唯一跳板。最近幾年花旗集團(Citigroup)也一直是政府任命人士的主要來源，包括美國現(xiàn)任財政部長杰克•盧(Jack Lew)和美聯(lián)儲副主席斯坦利•費希爾(Stanley Fischer)。

But Goldman appointees, above all, seem to carry a certain cachet.

但是高盛的被任命者似乎有某種高于其它機構的聲望。

“They’re obviously very competent people and they work long and hard on connections,” said Simon Johnson, a professor of global economics and management at MIT Sloan in Massachusetts who wrote a 2010 book on the “capture” of Washington by Wall Street. “They figured out before the competition that finance is about connections, and how to position yourself. The business of government is extremely profitable, and they’re good at it.”

麻省理工學院(MIT)斯隆商學院(Sloan)的全球經(jīng)濟學與管理教授、曾在2010年就華爾街“攻克”華盛頓發(fā)表著作的西蒙•約翰遜(Simon Johnson)表示：“他們顯然是極有能力的人，對人脈進行過長期而努力的經(jīng)營。他們在參與人選的競爭前就想清楚了，金融關乎的是人脈、關乎的是如何定位你自己。與政府有關的事業(yè)獲利極為豐厚，而他們對此十分擅長。”

Goldman’s network spreads well beyond the US. Mark Carney, governor of the Bank of England, is a Goldman alumnus, as is Mario Draghi at the European Central Bank. In the summer José Manuel Barroso, ex-president of the European Commission, took up a position as non-executive chair of Goldman Sachs International, the bank’s largest subsidiary.

高盛的人脈網(wǎng)絡遠遠超越美國邊境。英國央行(BoE)行長馬克•卡尼(Mark Carney)就是前高盛人士，歐洲央行(ECB)行長馬里奧•德拉吉(Mario Draghi)也同樣如此。而在今年夏天，歐盟委員會前主席若澤•曼努埃爾•巴羅佐(José Manuel Barroso)擔任了高盛國際(Goldman Sachs International)的非執(zhí)行主席一職，這是該行最大的子公司。