澳大利亞對中國推進(jìn)亞太自由貿(mào)易表示出支持
澳大利亞對中國尋求在亞太地區(qū)達(dá)成新貿(mào)易協(xié)定的努力表示出了支持，原因是澳日益認(rèn)識到，在唐納德•特朗普(Donald Trump)勝選后，美國主導(dǎo)的《跨太平洋伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定》(TPP)已經(jīng)告吹。
“Any move that reduces barriers to trade and helps us facilitate trade, facilitate exports and drive economic growth and employment is a step in the right direction,” Steven Ciobo, Australia’s trade minister, said on Wednesday.
澳大利亞貿(mào)易部長史蒂文•喬博(Steven Ciobo)周三表示：“任何降低貿(mào)易壁壘、有助于我們促進(jìn)貿(mào)易、促進(jìn)出口并推動經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和就業(yè)的舉措，都是往正確方向邁出的一步。”
Mr Ciobo told the Financial Times that Canberra would work to conclude the proposed Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership agreement — a trade bloc of 16 Asian and Pacific countries that excludes the US. He said Australia would also support a separate proposal, the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific, which Beijing hopes to advance at this week’s Asia Pacific Economic Co-operation summit in Peru.
喬博向英國《金融時報》表示，澳大利亞政府會努力敲定擬議中的《區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定》(Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership，簡稱RCEP)。該協(xié)定涵蓋不包括美國在內(nèi)的16個亞太國家。喬博表示，澳大利亞還會支持另外一項名為亞太自由貿(mào)易區(qū)(Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific，簡稱FTAAP)的方案，中國政府希望在本周于秘魯召開的亞太經(jīng)合組織(APEC)峰會上推進(jìn)該方案。
Mr Trump put opposition to the TPP, which the US and 11 other countries agreed to this year, at the heart of his presidential campaign and his election has all but killed the prospects of its ratification by the US Congress. This has offered Beijing, which was excluded from the pact, an opportunity to argue for faster adoption of the broader FTAAP, a move foreign policy analysts say would strengthen China’s influence in the region.
今年，美國和其他11個國家達(dá)成TPP，然而特朗普卻將反對該協(xié)定作為其總統(tǒng)競選的核心綱領(lǐng)，他的當(dāng)選令美國國會批準(zhǔn)該協(xié)定的可能性幾近于零。這一局面使得被排除在該協(xié)定之外的中國獲得了一次機(jī)遇，來倡導(dǎo)各國更快接受涵蓋范圍更廣的FTAAP。外交政策分析人士表示，此舉會加強(qiáng)中國在該地區(qū)的影響力。
Australia’s decision to back China’s vision for free trade in the region comes amid soul-searching in Australia about the impact a Trump presidency will have on its long-established military and strategic alliance with Washington.
在決定支持中國的亞太自由貿(mào)易愿景的同時，澳大利亞國內(nèi)也在深刻反思：特朗普的上臺會對澳美長期以來的軍事和戰(zhàn)略同盟關(guān)系造成什么影響。
On Wednesday the opposition Labor party said Mr Trump’s election marked a “change point” requiring a careful consideration of Australia’s foreign policy and global interests. It is calling for more engagement with Australia’s Asian partners, although the party says the US-Australian alliance is bigger than any one person and will endure a Trump presidency.
周三，澳大利亞反對黨工黨(Labor Party)表示，特朗普的當(dāng)選標(biāo)志著一個“轉(zhuǎn)折點”，澳政府有必要仔細(xì)考慮澳的對外政策和全球利益。工黨呼吁澳大利亞加強(qiáng)與亞洲伙伴國的關(guān)系。不過該黨表示，澳美同盟關(guān)系不會因某個人而改變，它在特朗普總統(tǒng)任期內(nèi)會一直存在。
Malcolm Turnbull, Australia’s prime minister, has reassured the public that the alliance will continue under Mr Trump. After telephoning the billionaire to congratulate him on his election victory, Mr Turnbull told reporters Mr Trump would view the world in “a very practical and pragmatic way”.
澳大利亞總理馬爾科姆•特恩布爾(Malcolm Turnbull)已向公眾保證，澳美同盟在特朗普執(zhí)政期間會繼續(xù)存在。在打電話給這位億萬富翁、祝賀他贏得大選之后，特恩布爾告訴記者，特朗普會以“非常實際和務(wù)實的眼光”看待世界。
Australia’s military alliance with the US dates back to 1951 when both countries signed the ANZUS treaty, along with New Zealand. However, Australian troops have fought alongside US forces in every major military conflict since the second world war.
澳美軍事同盟可以追溯到1951年，當(dāng)時澳美兩國與新西蘭共同簽署了《澳新美安全條約》(ANZUS)。不過，自二戰(zhàn)以來，澳大利亞軍隊就已經(jīng)在每一場主要軍事沖突中與美軍并肩作戰(zhàn)。
James Curran, a professor at Sydney University and author of a new book on the Australia-US alliance, said the elevation of Mr Trump to the White House would test the alliance but would survive his presidency.
著有關(guān)于澳美同盟的新作的悉尼大學(xué)(Sydney University)教授詹姆斯•柯倫(James Curran)表示，特朗普入主白宮將考驗澳美同盟，但澳美同盟會熬過特朗普的總統(tǒng)任期。
“Labor's call for a rethink shows they might finally be rediscovering the foreign policy tradition of the Whitlam, Hawke and Keating era, which stressed greater freedom of movement for Australia within and at times without the alliance,” he said. “The apocalyptic view that the alliance will fall apart is alarmist.”
“工黨呼吁重新思考，這表明該黨終于再度發(fā)現(xiàn)高夫•惠特拉姆(Gough Whitlam)、鮑勃•霍克(Bob Hawke)和保羅•基廷(Paul Keating)時代的外交政策傳統(tǒng)，這一傳統(tǒng)強(qiáng)調(diào)澳大利亞在同盟之內(nèi)，以及有時在同盟之外，應(yīng)享有更大的行動自由，”他說：“那種認(rèn)為同盟會分崩離析的悲觀看法是危言聳聽。”
Mr Ciobo said he would not comment on whether US failure to ratify the TPP would undermine Washington’s influence in the region. He said he had sought a bilateral meeting with the US trade representatives at the Apec meeting in Peru to advocate ratification of the TPP.
喬博表示，關(guān)于美國不批準(zhǔn)TPP是否會削弱美國在亞太的影響力，他不予置評。他表示曾尋求在秘魯召開的APEC峰會上與美國貿(mào)易代表舉行雙邊會議，以倡導(dǎo)批準(zhǔn)TPP。
“Australia does not shy away from being an advocate about the multitude of benefits that flow from liberalising trade,” he said. “If the TPP does not come into effect it will mean there will be higher barriers to trade, which of course means you have a more subdued trading environment.”
“澳大利亞不會羞于倡導(dǎo)自由貿(mào)易帶來的眾多好處，”他說：“如果TPP無法生效，那意味著更高的貿(mào)易壁壘將要豎起，這當(dāng)然會導(dǎo)致更低迷的貿(mào)易環(huán)境。”
