大熊貓被移出瀕危名單

The giant panda is no longer an endangered species, following decades of work by conservationists to save it.
經(jīng)過動(dòng)物保護(hù)工作者幾十年的努力，大熊貓不再是瀕危物種了。

The official status of the much-loved animal has been changed from "endangered" to "vulnerable" because of a population rebound in China.
備受喜愛的大熊貓已正式從“瀕危物種”變?yōu)?ldquo;易危物種”了，因?yàn)樵谥袊笮茇埖臄?shù)量有所回升。

The change was announced as part of an update to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List.
國際自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟更新的紅名單宣布了此項(xiàng)變化。

But the update also brought bad news. The eastern gorilla, the world's largest primate, is now endangered.
但是此次更新也帶來了壞消息。世界上最大的靈長類動(dòng)物，東部低地大猩猩（eastern gorilla）現(xiàn)在瀕臨滅絕。

Efforts by China, which claims the giant panda as its national animal, have brought its numbers back from the brink. The latest estimates show a population of 1,864 adults.
大熊貓?jiān)谥袊碛?ldquo;國寶”之稱，而中國做出的努力成功使大熊貓的數(shù)量從瀕危邊緣回升了。最新的數(shù)據(jù)顯示現(xiàn)在成年大熊貓數(shù)量已經(jīng)達(dá)到1864只。

There are no exact figures for the numbers of cubs, but estimates bring the total number of giant pandas to 2,060.
關(guān)于大熊貓幼崽數(shù)量并沒有明確的數(shù)字，但是據(jù)估計(jì)大熊貓總數(shù)達(dá)到了2060只。

"Evidence from a series of range-wide national surveys indicate that the previous population decline has been arrested, and the population has started to increase," said the IUCN's updated report.
國際自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟更新后的報(bào)告稱：“一系列全國范圍內(nèi)的廣泛調(diào)查顯示，之前數(shù)量減少的現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)被遏制住，現(xiàn)在數(shù)量正在上升。”

"The improved status confirms that the Chinese government's efforts to conserve this species are effective," it added.
報(bào)告另外補(bǔ)充道：“更新后的狀態(tài)肯定了中國政府為保護(hù)大熊貓而做出的努力是有效的。”

But the rebound could be short-lived, the IUCN warned. Climate change is predicted to wipe out more than one-third of the panda's bamboo habitat in the next 80 years.
但是國際自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟提醒：數(shù)量的回升可能是短期的。在接下來的80年中，氣候的變化預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)摧毀超過三分之一的竹林。

"And thus panda population is projected to decline, reversing the gains made during the last two decades," the report said.
報(bào)告稱：“因此，大熊貓的數(shù)量預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)回落，過去二十年取得的進(jìn)展又將被逆轉(zhuǎn)。”

It added: "To protect this iconic species, it is critical that the effective forest protection measures are continued and that emerging threats are addressed."
“要保護(hù)這種標(biāo)志性的物種，重要的是要繼續(xù)采取有效的森林保護(hù)措施并且處理好不斷出現(xiàn)的威脅。”

John Robinson, a primatologist and chief conservation officer at the Wildlife Conservation Society, told the AFP news agency: "When push comes to shove, the Chinese have done a really good job with pandas.
約翰·羅賓遜是一名靈長類動(dòng)物學(xué)家，也是國際野生生物保護(hù)學(xué)會(huì)的主任。他告訴法新社：“到了緊要關(guān)頭，中國人在保護(hù)熊貓方面做得確實(shí)很棒。”

"So few species are actually downlisted, it really is a reflection of the success of conservation," he told the AFP news agency."
“很少有物種被移出這個(gè)名單，這確實(shí)反映了保護(hù)工作的成功。”

A surge of illegal hunting has taken the eastern gorilla in the other direction, reducing its numbers to just 5,000 across the globe.
對(duì)東部低地大猩猩的大量非法捕獵使這個(gè)物種的數(shù)量往另一個(gè)方向發(fā)展了，現(xiàn)在全球僅存5000只東部低地大猩猩。

Four out of six of the Earth's great apes are now critically endangered - the eastern gorilla, western gorilla, Bornean orangutan and Sumatran orangutan.
現(xiàn)在地球上僅存的六種類人猿中有四種處于高度瀕危狀態(tài)，分別是東部低地大猩猩、西部大猩猩（western gorilla）、婆羅洲猩猩（Bornean orangutan）和蘇門答臘猩猩（Sumatran orangutan）。

"Today is a sad day because the IUCN Red List shows we are wiping out some of our closest relatives," Inger Andersen, IUCN director general, told reporters.
國際自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟主任英格·安德森告訴記者說：“今天是個(gè)悲傷的日子，因?yàn)閲H自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟紅名單顯示，我們正在毀滅與我們親緣關(guān)系最近的動(dòng)物。”

The number of eastern gorillas has declined more than 70% in the past two decades.
東部大猩猩的數(shù)量在過去二十年里減少了超70%。

The IUCN Red List includes 82,954 species, both plants and animals. Almost one third, 23,928, are listed as being threatened with extinction.
國際自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟紅名單中包括了82954種不同物種的動(dòng)植物。其中將近三分之一，也就是23928個(gè)物種瀕于滅絕。

Vocabulary

when push comes to shove: 到了緊要關(guān)頭

******************

新華社電 國家林業(yè)局有關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人5日表示，大熊貓仍是瀕危物種，將大熊貓保護(hù)等級(jí)降低還為時(shí)過早。

這位負(fù)責(zé)人表示，大熊貓是瀕危物種主要有四方面原因：

一是棲息地破碎化仍是威脅其生存的主要因素，部分局域種群仍面臨生存風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。大熊貓僅分布于川、陜、甘三省的狹窄地區(qū)，由于自然隔離和人為干擾等因素影響，大熊貓野外種群被分割成33個(gè)局域種群。個(gè)體數(shù)量小于30只、具有滅絕風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的種群有22個(gè)，個(gè)體數(shù)量小于10只、具有高度滅絕風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的局域種群有18個(gè)。

二是種群交流狀況有待改善。受棲息地破碎化影響，大熊貓局域種群基因交流受阻。加之地域和管理體制的影響，各大熊貓圈養(yǎng)單位圈養(yǎng)個(gè)體間的基因交流不足。需進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)大熊貓基因交流，以保持整個(gè)種群的遺傳多樣性，維持種群生存活力。

三是受氣候變化的影響，未來大熊貓賴以生存的竹林中有三分之一可能會(huì)消失，將對(duì)大熊貓的生存產(chǎn)生不可估量的影響。

四是部分大熊貓分布區(qū)存在保護(hù)經(jīng)費(fèi)投入不足、一線工作人員專業(yè)技能普遍偏低等情況，嚴(yán)重影響了大熊貓保護(hù)成效，保護(hù)管理能力亟待提高。

這位負(fù)責(zé)人說，從目前來看，大熊貓所受的威脅以及瀕危狀況仍然不可忽視。如果降低其保護(hù)等級(jí)，保護(hù)工作出現(xiàn)怠慢和松懈，大熊貓種群和棲息地都將遭到不可逆的損失和破壞，已取得的保護(hù)成果會(huì)很快喪失，特別是部分局域小種群隨時(shí)可能滅絕。