凱特王妃教你拍出完美家庭照

In a break from Royal protocol, the Duchess of Cambridge has taken Princess Charlotte's first official portraits herself - and released them on Twitter via the Kensington Palace account.

在一場皇家禮儀聚會間歇期，凱特王妃(Kate Middleton)親自給夏洛特公主拍下第一組官方照片——并通過推特(Twitter)肯辛頓宮(Kensington Palace)賬號發(fā)布。

Warming the hearts of the nation, the series of pictures see a gorgeous Prince George proudly holding his tiny little sister, with beaming smiles for the camera.

這組照片中，俊朗的喬治王子自豪地抱著小妹妹，對著鏡頭開心微笑。照片一經(jīng)發(fā)布立刻暖化全體英國民眾的心。

But just how did Kate get her pictures looking so professional? We asked professional children's photographer Glenda Tarling for some expert tips.

但為什么凱特王妃拍的照片看起來如此專業(yè)?為此，我們向?qū)I(yè)兒童攝影師格倫達(dá)·塔林(Glenda Tarling)詢問了一些專業(yè)拍照技巧。

THE LIGHTING

光線

'Judging by the amount of natural light flooding into the pictures, it's likely Kate took the shots next to a large window. And most likely without using any flash,' says Glenda, who runs GR Tarling Photography.

格倫達(dá)說，“從照片中強烈的自然光線判斷，凱特王妃很可能選擇了在一扇大窗附近作為拍攝地，且很可能沒有使用閃光。”

With it's gentle brightness, using natural light rather than artificial lighting equipment can often result in the best family photographs.

自然光線亮度柔和，因此要拍出的完美的家庭照，選擇自然光線要勝過人工照明設(shè)備。

'The pictures have a very lifestyle feel to them, this wasn't taken in a studio,' notes the photographer, who along with her husband Dave, has been taking creative shots of families and their children for the past three years.

格倫達(dá)與丈夫戴夫(Dave)在過去三年給許多家庭拍過有創(chuàng)意的親子照。她表示，“這些照片散發(fā)著滿滿的生活氣息，肯定不是在工作室里拍的。”

'Looking at the way the shadows are falling, it's most likely that the Duchess has simply positioned the chair looking towards a big window on a nice and bright day.'

“從陰影判斷，那天天氣晴朗，光線明亮，王妃很可能只是將椅子對著一扇大窗，拍下這組照片。”

THE CAMERA

照相機

Although smart phones and tablets now carry increasingly good quality cameras, Glenda says it's unlikely that Kate used anything other than a DLSR (digital single-lens reflex) camera.

雖然現(xiàn)在智能手機和平板電腦的照相功能也十分強大，但格倫達(dá)認(rèn)為，凱特使用的應(yīng)該是數(shù)碼單反相機。

'The depth of field in some of the pictures makes me think she has used a mid-range DSLR, like a Canon D6 or a Nikon D610.'

“根據(jù)這些照片的景深，我猜測她用的是中端單反，像佳能(Canon)D6或者尼康(Nikon)D610。”

'If she's into photography, she probably owns something like that. The iPhone and iPad cameras are quite sharp these days, but not like this.'

“如果她熱愛攝影，應(yīng)該有相關(guān)設(shè)備。近來的蘋果手機和蘋果平板相機色彩強烈，但未能達(dá)到這樣的效果。”

'With these kinds of cameras you can change the lenses as and when you need to, Kate perhaps used a 35mm or 50mm lens for these shots.'

“用這類相機，你可以隨時根據(jù)需要改變鏡頭，凱特使用的可能是35mm或50mm鏡頭。”

THE TECHNIQUE

技巧

Glenda notes how in one of the shots, the background is slightly burred. Which, she says, helps to pull the viewer's focus straight into the eyes of Prince George and Princess Charlotte.This is a technique called Maximum Aperture, and is done by adjusting the settings on your digital camera to let more light pass through the lens.

格倫達(dá)介紹了其中一張照片如何將背景弱化，使觀眾一眼就被喬治王子和夏洛特公主的眼睛吸引住。這種技巧稱為“最大光圈”，通過調(diào)整數(shù)碼相機設(shè)置，讓更多光線進(jìn)入鏡頭，便可完成。

'It looks as though Kate has let more light in with a wide aperture, to get that blurred effect you can see on George's shoes and in the background,' says Glenda.

格倫達(dá)說道，“看起來凱特使用了一個大光圈吸收更多光線，將喬治王子的鞋子及背景模糊化。”

'She has definitely used technique there, so that the foreground - in this case her children - becomes sharper.'

“她肯定使用了一些拍攝技巧，這樣前景——在這里就是她的寶寶——就會更突出。”

THE PROPS

道具

Children are much more likely to appear relaxed and comfortable when their parents are around, so the fact that Kate is taking the picture will have helped immensely in these shots, says Glenda.

格倫達(dá)稱，父母在身邊時，小孩更容易呈現(xiàn)放松舒適的狀態(tài)，因此，由凱特王妃親自拍照也起到了極大作用。

But use of props are essential to a good family portrait too.

但道具的使用在拍攝完美全家福時也是必不可少的。

'We can see that Kate has used pillows to prop them up, which is a great idea,' says Glenda.

“我們可以看到，凱特將枕頭作為道具，這真是個好主意。”格倫達(dá)表示。

THE POSES

姿勢

With their mother behind the camera, it's likely George and Charlotte's relaxed poses came far more naturally than they might on a professional shoot.

比起專業(yè)拍攝，在母親面前，喬治王子和夏洛特公主的姿勢顯得更放松自然。

But, says Glenda, for an arrangement like Kate's it's important that the older sibling has had plenty of practice holding the baby.

但格倫達(dá)也表示，凱特給孩子們安排這樣的姿勢，哥哥之前肯定練習(xí)了無數(shù)次抱好妹妹的姿勢，這一點很重要。

'It looks as though George has spent plenty of time with his sister and holding her,' says Glenda.

“看起來喬治常跟妹妹待在一起，并且經(jīng)常抱她。”格倫達(dá)說道。

'We often try this kind of pose at shoots, sometimes it works and sometimes it doesn't. They both need to feel comfortable.'

“我們經(jīng)常嘗試拍攝這種姿勢，有時順利，有時并不奏效。兩個小孩都必須感到舒適才能順利拍攝。”

'Patience is really the key thing behind capturing the perfect shot. If your children have an expression they often make for example, you need to be prepared to wait and pause until they make that.'

“捕捉完美鏡頭，很重要的一點是需要耐心。比如，你的小孩經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)某個表情，那么你需要耐心等待，并擺好鏡頭，捕捉他們的那一刻。”

THE OUTFITS

服裝

Once again, it appears Prince George is wearing the perfect outfit, as contrasting colours often photograph best.

再一次，對于鏡頭來說，喬治王子的服裝無可挑剔，對比色總能拍出最完美照片。

'White is a very reflective colour and so sometimes you may need to retouch pictures if it comes out very bleached' says Glenda.

格倫達(dá)介紹，“白色反射性很強，所以如果照片洗出來太白，你就要重新潤飾一番。”

'But he's wearing blue socks with the white shirt and you can see how well they have come up in the pictures.'

“但他穿著藍(lán)色長襪，白色襯衫，你可以看到這色彩搭配的多好。”

RETOUCHING

潤飾

Had this been a professional shoot, Glenda says some photographers might have gently retouched the colour balance of the pictures.

這是一項專業(yè)拍攝技巧，格倫達(dá)稱，一些攝影家可能會略微潤飾照片的色彩平衡。

'We may have adjusted the highlights or toned down some of the areas that have been almost bleached with light and lost their detail - the pillows for example,' says Glenda.

“我們可能會調(diào)整加亮區(qū)，對于在光線下顯得太白，幾乎看不清細(xì)節(jié)的區(qū)域——比如枕頭，我們會減弱亮度。”

This can take some expert know-how however, using computer programs like PhotoShop.

然而，這需要一些電腦軟件專業(yè)知識，比如Photoshop。

'It doesn't look like Kate has done that, but personally, I think she's done a pretty good job with these pictures. They're beautiful and very natural, and that's what most of our clients are really interested in right now.'

“凱特好像沒有使用到這個技巧，但我個人認(rèn)為她拍出了非常完美的照片，很漂亮，很自然，這也是我們大多數(shù)客戶真正想要的效果。”

Vocabulary

aperture：(照相機的)光圈

bleached：太白，曝光過度

depth of field：景深