商務(wù)女性在沙特出差 如何尋找變通之道

WOMEN traveling to Saudi Arabia often raiseeyebrows there, and Michelle Obama was noexception.

去沙特阿拉伯旅行的西方女人往往會(huì)令那里的人揚(yáng)起眉毛，米歇爾·奧巴馬(Michelle Obama)也不例外。

When Mrs. Obama recently appeared in the Saudicapital, Riyadh, in the company of President Obamawith her hair uncovered, she was following well-established diplomatic protocol for prominentforeign women visiting the country, where strictreligious laws otherwise require women to have theirheads covered.

前不久，在總統(tǒng)奧巴馬的陪伴下，奧巴馬夫人出現(xiàn)在沙特首都利雅得，她沒(méi)有戴頭巾，這是遵循了外國(guó)著名女性拜訪該國(guó)的悠久外交禮節(jié)。然而依照沙特阿拉伯嚴(yán)格的宗教規(guī)定，女性必須戴頭巾。

But a commotion ensued, exacerbated by a faked YouTube video that suggested that Saudistate television had blurred out images of Mrs. Obama and her uncovered head. The video hadbeen doctored, and not by Saudi television. But a furor still is playing out on Twitter over Mrs.Obama and the absent head scarf.

但是，這引發(fā)了一場(chǎng)騷動(dòng)，YouTube上的一個(gè)偽造視頻更加劇了這場(chǎng)騷動(dòng)。該視頻顯示，沙特阿拉伯國(guó)家電視臺(tái)把奧巴馬夫人和她未戴頭巾的頭部作了模糊處理。這段視頻是篡改過(guò)的，并非來(lái)自沙特阿拉伯國(guó)家電視臺(tái)。但是Twitter上仍出現(xiàn)了關(guān)于奧巴馬夫人未戴頭巾的激烈爭(zhēng)論。

That makes for an interesting backdrop, as more women are traveling to Saudi Arabia onbusiness these days. And they are encountering the laws that limit the social and physicalmobility of women in the kingdom, where it is illegal for a woman to drive a car.

這是一個(gè)有趣的背景，因?yàn)槿缃裨絹?lái)越多的女人會(huì)去沙特出差。她們會(huì)遇到這個(gè)王國(guó)限制女性社會(huì)和身體流動(dòng)性的各種法律。在那里，女人開車是違法的。

In 2015, a theme being widely applied to the hajj pilgrimage that brings millions of Muslims toSaudi holy sites each year is “The Year of Development,” to highlight significant economic andsocial changes in the kingdom. In a country whose economy is being battered by the drop inworld oil prices, there is growing emphasis on improving infrastructure and businessdevelopment, including the building of new hotels. Among many global hotel companies withnew projects in Saudi Arabia are Marriott, Carlson Rezidor and InterContinental, which isdeveloping its Staybridge Suites brand in Jeddah.

每年，成百上千萬(wàn)穆斯林前往沙特圣地麥加朝圣。2015年朝圣的一個(gè)主題是“發(fā)展之年”，突顯這個(gè)王國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)變革。該國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)正因全球油價(jià)下跌而遭受打擊，所以越來(lái)越重視改善基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，促進(jìn)商業(yè)發(fā)展，包括建新酒店。很多全球酒店集團(tuán)正在沙特建新酒店，包括萬(wàn)豪(Marriott)、卡爾森瑞德酒店(Carlson Rezidor)和洲際酒店(InterContinental)。洲際酒店正在吉達(dá)擴(kuò)張自己的駐橋套房(Staybridge Suites)品牌。

But as this development expands, can businesswomen from abroad work effectively within aculture where, for example, a Saudi woman was arrested in December for attending a soccermatch? Yes — but it requires planning and agility, says Nancy J. Ruddy, a co-founder ofCetraRuddy, an architectural firm in New York that has been working in Saudi Arabia on thedesign for a large business hotel project in Jeddah. The five-star Galleria hotel and retail centeris scheduled to open late this year.

但是在這些發(fā)展的同時(shí)，國(guó)外的商務(wù)女性能在這種文化中有效率地進(jìn)行工作嗎?去年12月，一名沙特女子因去現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀看足球賽而被捕。紐約建筑公司CetraRuddy的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人南希·J·拉迪(Nancy J. Ruddy)說(shuō)，女人能夠在這里有效率地工作，不過(guò)需要計(jì)劃和機(jī)智。該公司正在吉達(dá)設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)大型商務(wù)酒店項(xiàng)目。這個(gè)五星級(jí)加列里亞飯店(Galleria)和零售中心計(jì)劃今年年底開業(yè)。

We’re all familiar with the basic drill in Saudi society, where even restaurants are segregated,with women and children seated in special sections away from men. But I asked Ms. Ruddywhether there are lesser-known hurdles in doing business while female in Saudi Arabia.

我們都知道沙特社會(huì)的一些基本習(xí)俗，在那里甚至連餐館都設(shè)立隔離區(qū)，女人和孩子被安置在特殊區(qū)域，與男人隔開。但是我問(wèn)拉迪，女性在沙特做生意有沒(méi)有什么不太為人所知的障礙。

“Any country that I go to, I really study the customs and I get advice from people who havebeen there, so the obvious things about having to wear these robes, these abayas, aboutbeing covered, everybody knows about those things,” she said. “But there are certain thingswe all assume are basic in our global world, even if it is a country like Saudi Arabia, such as theavailability of bathrooms.”

“不管去哪個(gè)國(guó)家，我都會(huì)認(rèn)真研究那里的習(xí)俗，詢問(wèn)去過(guò)那里的人的建議。很顯然，你必須穿長(zhǎng)袍，蓋住頭，誰(shuí)都知道這些，”她說(shuō)，“但是有些東西我們以為全世界都有，甚至在沙特這樣的國(guó)家也應(yīng)該有，可實(shí)際上那里沒(méi)有，比如衛(wèi)生間。”

Many of her business meetings with the development company, an arm of the Saudi royalfamily, took place in a modern 23-story office building, she said.

她說(shuō)，她和開發(fā)公司的很多商務(wù)會(huì)議都是在一個(gè)23層的現(xiàn)代寫字樓里進(jìn)行的。那是沙特皇室的公司。

“But there was no ladies’ room, which was totally shocking to me,” she said. “During my firsttrip there, if I needed to use the bathroom, I would have to say that I need to go back to myhotel, and I would have to be walked back to the hotel by a man, because you’re not allowed asa woman to walk around unaccompanied on the streets. And because there are almost nowomen in the work force in Saudi Arabia, there are no ladies’ rooms in office buildings.”

“但是那里沒(méi)有女衛(wèi)生間，這讓我極為震驚，”她說(shuō)，“我第一次去那兒時(shí)，如果我需要去衛(wèi)生間，我只能說(shuō)我需要回酒店，然后必須有一個(gè)男人送我回酒店，因?yàn)樵谏程兀瑳](méi)有男人陪伴，女人不能獨(dú)自在街上走動(dòng)。因?yàn)樯程嘏藥缀醵疾还ぷ?，所以寫字樓里沒(méi)有女衛(wèi)生間。”

So Ms. Ruddy resorted to a kind of bathroom diplomacy during her frequent work sessionsthere. “All of the male executives had private bathrooms, so I asked if it was possible for one ofthose bathrooms to be put out of commission so I could use it, so I wouldn’t have to asksome man to take me on a 15-minute walk back to my hotel.”

所以，在那里頻繁工作期間，拉迪想出了一種衛(wèi)生間外交策略。“所有男性高管都有私人衛(wèi)生間，所以我詢問(wèn)是否有可能留出一個(gè)衛(wèi)生間給我用，這樣我就不用讓某個(gè)男人陪我走15分鐘回酒店了。”

Voilà! Compromise was achieved and a little sign on a door solved a big problem.

好了!他們讓步了，在門上掛一個(gè)小牌子就解決了一個(gè)大問(wèn)題。

By and large, as more women travel on business in Saudi Arabia, more of them are finding waysto work around the system, even as some social pressure builds within the country fromSaudi women, who make up 20 percent of the country’s work force, up from 16 percent adecade ago. That is still among the lowest female work force percentages of any country,according to data from the World Bank.

總的來(lái)說(shuō)，隨著更多女人到沙特出差，她們中的更多人在尋找變通方法，與此同時(shí)，沙特婦女也在國(guó)內(nèi)施加了一些社會(huì)壓力。如今女性占沙特勞動(dòng)力的20%，比十年前的16%有所增長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)世界銀行的數(shù)據(jù)，它仍是世界上女性勞動(dòng)者比例最低的國(guó)家之一。

“With so many U.S.- and global-based businesses in Saudi Arabia, travel to the country is onlygoing to expand,” said Carol Margolis, the publisher of Smart Women Travelers. “Saudi womenkeep pushing for change and, as a result, travel into their country by Western women willbecome easier.”

“隨著這么多美國(guó)和國(guó)際性公司進(jìn)駐沙特，到這個(gè)國(guó)家旅行的人只會(huì)越來(lái)越多，”《聰明的女性旅行者》(SmartWomen Travelers)的作者卡羅爾·馬戈利斯(Carol Margolis)說(shuō)，“沙特婦女在不斷推進(jìn)改革，所以西方女性去她們國(guó)家旅行會(huì)變得更容易。”

Finding ways to navigate around customs that might seem insurmountable at first “has beenvery interesting,” said Ms. Ruddy, who also has developed projects in India.

拉迪說(shuō)，在最初看來(lái)似乎難以逾越的習(xí)俗中尋找變通辦法“變得非常有趣”。她也在印度開發(fā)項(xiàng)目。

“In Saudi Arabia, it’s clear they have a great admiration for expertise, so the rules werechanged a bit when they saw that I was bringing expertise to the table, which is of course whythey hired me in the first place,” she said. “After a while, some of the men would even call me byname and make direct eye contact.”

“在沙特阿拉伯，他們顯然十分欽佩專業(yè)知識(shí)，所以當(dāng)他們看到我能帶來(lái)專業(yè)知識(shí)時(shí)，規(guī)矩就有所松動(dòng)，當(dāng)然他們起初雇傭我也是為了我的專業(yè)知識(shí)，”她說(shuō)，“經(jīng)過(guò)一段時(shí)間，其中一些男人甚至開始直呼我的名字，跟我有直接的目光接觸。”

Small victories, of course, in a world where the ability to gracefully work around traditions isvalued because, as every business traveler contemplating a trip to an unknown culture knows,as a general rule, when you have to go, you have to go.

當(dāng)然，這些都是小小的勝利。在當(dāng)今世界，在尊重傳統(tǒng)的同時(shí)，尋找變通方法以便得體工作的能力顯得越來(lái)越重要，因?yàn)槊總€(gè)商務(wù)旅行者在考慮前往一個(gè)陌生文化時(shí)，都知道這樣的一般原則——如果必須去，那就別無(wú)選擇。