空難自救黃金6法則

導讀：近日來，馬航失聯(lián)航班牽動著無數(shù)人的心。發(fā)生空難時，應如何自救?澳大利亞教授蓋里爾經(jīng)過多年研究，總結(jié)出6條自救黃金法則?；蛟S能在緊急情況下助你脫險。

Since 1985, Australian professor Ed Galea has pored over interviews with 2,000 survivors of 105 plane crashes, analyzing their behavior, searching for the keys to survival.

自1985年起，來自澳大利亞的艾德•蓋里爾教授研究了105次墜機事件2000多名幸存者的受訪記錄，通過行為分析總結(jié)出6條黃金自救法則。

1. Traveling with your family

別與家人分開

If you are traveling in a family group, you should insist that the airline does not separate you throughout the aircraft. Why? It`s only natural that if you`re involved in that sort of situation that you`re going to want to reunite the group before you evacuate. If you do that it`s going to cause havoc.

如果你與家人一同乘坐航班旅行，那么你應該堅持讓航空公司將你與家人的座位安排在一起。這樣做的原因是：一旦發(fā)生某種突發(fā)狀況需要疏散，你會本能地想要和家人共進退。而一旦你這樣做就會引發(fā)混亂。

2. The seat belt

學會解安全帶

How do you undo your seat belt in your car? You press a button. In a plane, you lift a latch. If you can`t undo your seat belt then, you can`t evacuate and your chances of survival plummet.

你如何解開汽車上的安全帶?答案很簡單：按下按鈕便可。而在飛機上，你需要打開插銷才能解開安全帶。如果你不能正確地解開安全帶，那么你就無法逃生，生還機會也會十分渺茫。

3. Does it matter where you sit?

距離逃生口近

Sit within seven rows of an exit and count exactly how many rows you are from the nearest two exits. Count so that you can find an exit in the dark. And why two exits? Because the nearest exit to you might not be "viable."

幸存者逃生時要走的平均距離均為7排座位，所以，你要選擇在這個范圍內(nèi)就坐。你還要數(shù)一下距離最近的兩個逃生出口有多少排座位，以便在黑暗中也能找到出口。為什么要選兩個逃生出口呢?因為距離你最近的出口不一定可用。

4. Facing backward

背朝飛行方向

We would all be safer if airline seats faced backward. But the difficulty with this is that the majority of the traveling public doesn`t like traveling with their back facing the direction of travel.

如果飛機的座位都是面向后的，乘客會更加安全。但問題是，大部分乘客都不愿意背對著飛行方向。

5. Fire

帶上防煙頭罩

"Smoke contains toxic gases, narcotic gases. It contains irritant gases. If you inhale enough of them you will die," explains Galea. He carries a smoke hood but warns that if you`re going to follow his example you must learn how to use it. Otherwise you`ll waste time trying to put it on — time that could be used for making an exit.

“煙霧含有有毒麻醉氣體，并帶有強烈刺激性。過多吸入將導致死亡。”蓋里爾教授解釋道。他在旅行中會攜帶一個防煙頭罩，但他警告說，想像他這樣，就要學會如何使用該頭罩。否則會為戴上它而耽誤你逃生的最佳時機。

6.Final Thought

聽乘務員講解

Listen to the preflight briefing by the flight attendants and read the safety card. Be prepared. And if you`re about to crash, do adopt the brace position -- head down, ankles behind knees. The brace position is one of the most important things a passenger should take on board when they fly, it`s designed to reduce your chances of being knocked unconscious during a heavy impact.

登機后要認真聽取乘務員的講解，并閱讀安全須知。發(fā)生墜機前，要采取防沖擊姿勢：收小腿至膝蓋垂線以內(nèi)，頭部向前傾，盡量貼近膝蓋。防沖擊姿勢是乘客要學會的一個重要方法，它可以減少被撞擊昏迷的風險。