玉樹災(zāi)區(qū)校舍質(zhì)量遭質(zhì)疑

Dozens of students and teachers were killed when dormitories and classrooms collapsed in Wednesday's devastating earthquake in western China, authorities said -- focusing attention on the safety of China's school buildings, which came under scrutiny after thousands of children were crushed during a massive 2008 temblor in Sichuan.
中國(guó)當(dāng)局稱，周三中國(guó)西部發(fā)生的大地震導(dǎo)致校舍和教室倒塌，數(shù)十名學(xué)生和教師遇難身亡。消息引發(fā)人們對(duì)中國(guó)學(xué)校建筑質(zhì)量安全的密切關(guān)注。在此之前，2008年四川大地震導(dǎo)致數(shù)千名兒童死亡，學(xué)校建筑質(zhì)量問題已受到外界廣泛關(guān)注。

Wang Yubo, provincial education chief in Qinghai where the quake hit, said Thursday that at least 11 schools had been destroyed and that dozens of children were believed to be still trapped inside the collapsed buildings.

周四，災(zāi)民乘坐飛機(jī)來到成都接受治療。在已經(jīng)證實(shí)遇難的600多人中，至少有66名學(xué)生和10名教師。

Authorities said 66 students and 10 teachers were among the more than 600 people confirmed dead. An additional 313 people were listed as missing. Thousands were reported injured.
青海省教育廳廳長(zhǎng)王予波周四稱地震至少摧毀了11所學(xué)校，相信有數(shù)十名學(xué)生仍然被困在倒塌的建筑下面。當(dāng)局稱已確定有600多人死亡，其中有66名學(xué)生和10名教師，另有313人失蹤，數(shù)千人受傷。

At the badly damaged No. 3 Wanquan Primary School in the hard-hit town of Jiegu, rescuers were trying to reach a large number of students thought by school officials to be buried in the rubble. As of Wednesday night, emergency workers had found 27 children alive beneath the wreckage of the elementary school and recovered 34 bodies, the state-run Xinhua news agency reported.
在受災(zāi)最嚴(yán)重的結(jié)古鎮(zhèn)，第三完全小學(xué)嚴(yán)重?fù)p毀，校方認(rèn)為有大量學(xué)生被埋在廢墟下，救援人員正努力營(yíng)救。據(jù)官方媒體新華社報(bào)道，截至周三晚，救援人員已在這所小學(xué)的廢墟下發(fā)現(xiàn)了27名幸存兒童和34具尸體。

Soldiers, firemen, volunteers and red-robed Tibetan Buddhist monks continued to struggle to save people buried in the rubble of schools, homes and other buildings in Jiegu and elsewhere in Qinghai's Yushu prefecture. 'Our task is to find survivors and dig them out,' said Zhu Mingyu, a local government official helping with emergency operations in the region, which is inhabited predominantly by ethnic Tibetans. 'The top priority is to save people.'
解放軍戰(zhàn)士、消防員、志愿者和身著紅袍的西藏喇嘛繼續(xù)在青海玉樹州的結(jié)古鎮(zhèn)等地，努力營(yíng)救被埋在學(xué)校、民宅和其它建筑物廢墟中的人。協(xié)助該地區(qū)救援行動(dòng)的當(dāng)?shù)卣賳T朱明宇（音）說，我們的任務(wù)是找到幸存者并把他們挖出來，首要任務(wù)是救人。玉樹地區(qū)的居民主要是藏族。

Rescuers battled altitude sickness -- Jiegu sits on the Tibetan plateau at an elevation of about 4,000 meters, or 13,200 feet -- cold weather and frequent aftershocks as they used shovels, picks and their bare hands to dig through the wreckage. Officials said hundreds of people had been found alive, and footage of successful rescues was broadcast nationwide on television.
由于結(jié)古鎮(zhèn)位于青藏高原，海拔在4,000米左右，救援人員一邊用鐵鏟、撬棍和雙手在廢墟中挖掘，一邊還要與高原反應(yīng)、寒冷的天氣和頻繁的余震博斗。官員稱已找到數(shù)百名幸存者。全國(guó)的電視都在播放幸存者成功獲救的場(chǎng)面。

In a sign of the political importance of the rescue and relief efforts, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao visited Jiegu on Thursday evening. Standing atop a pile of rubble, he told a large group of townspeople: 'Your disaster is our disaster. Your suffering is our suffering.' Mr. Wen delayed a trip to Southeast Asia and President Hu Jintao decided to cut short a visit to Latin America to focus on the earthquake recovery.
中國(guó)總理溫家寶周四晚抵達(dá)結(jié)古鎮(zhèn)。這顯示出救援工作的政治重要性。溫家寶站在一堆瓦礫上對(duì)結(jié)古鎮(zhèn)的大批居民說，鄉(xiāng)親們的災(zāi)難就是大家的災(zāi)難，鄉(xiāng)親們的痛苦就是大家的痛苦。為了集中精力處理抗震救災(zāi)工作，溫家寶推遲了對(duì)東南亞的訪問，胡錦濤決定中斷對(duì)拉美的訪問提前回國(guó)。

Additional troops and medical teams began arriving in remote Yushu on Thursday, and Mr. Zhu said some heavy lifting equipment had been brought in to move slabs of steel-reinforced concrete and other debris. But he said more was needed. Chinese seismologists said the quake was magnitude 7.1.
周四，新的部隊(duì)和醫(yī)療救護(hù)隊(duì)伍開始抵達(dá)偏遠(yuǎn)的玉樹，據(jù)朱明宇稱，一些大型啟重設(shè)備已經(jīng)運(yùn)來，用于移除鋼筋混凝土預(yù)制板和其他倒塌物。但他說這些還不夠。中國(guó)地震學(xué)家稱，這次地震的震級(jí)為7.1級(jí)。

The deaths of students in schools that collapsed in the 2008 earthquake in Sichuan became a controversial issue, with parents who lost children charging that government negligence and malfeasance by contractors were to blame. Local authorities sought to silence protesting parents, in some cases harassing and detaining them.
2008年四川發(fā)生地震時(shí)學(xué)生死于校舍倒塌，成為了一個(gè)引起爭(zhēng)議的話題。失去孩子的家長(zhǎng)們控訴稱，校舍倒塌的原因在于政府失職和承包商違法。當(dāng)?shù)赜嘘P(guān)部門想辦法讓抗議的家長(zhǎng)們噤聲，有時(shí)候?qū)ζ溥M(jìn)行騷擾并采取拘留措施。

A year after that magnitude-7.9 quake, the government released its official death toll, saying that 5,335 students were among the 86,633 dead and missing in the quake -- a figure that would indicate that deaths among schoolchildren weren't disproportionately high, despite evidence of shoddy construction. Casualty figures in Wednesday's quake were too preliminary to draw any conclusions about the ratio of student deaths.
這次7.9級(jí)地震發(fā)生一年過后，政府公布了官方死亡數(shù)字，稱在地震中死亡和失蹤的86,633人中，有5,335名學(xué)生。這個(gè)數(shù)字說明，盡管有證據(jù)表明校舍質(zhì)量低劣，但學(xué)生死亡人數(shù)比例并沒有高得離奇。周三地震的傷亡數(shù)字僅是初步統(tǒng)計(jì)，還不能從中得出有關(guān)學(xué)生死亡比例的任何結(jié)論。

Last year, the government launched a three-year program to inspect and reinforce schools in quake-prone areas such as Yushu, and toughened quake-survival standards for schools and other public buildings.
去年，政府發(fā)起了一項(xiàng)為期三年的計(jì)劃，以勘察并加固位于玉樹等地震多發(fā)地帶的校舍，并嚴(yán)格了學(xué)校和其他公共建筑的抗震標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

Education officials in Qinghai province said they would invest in safety improvements for schools in five counties and one city. Yushu wasn't on the list.
青海教育部門當(dāng)時(shí)表示，他們將投資于五縣一市的校舍安全改進(jìn)。玉樹未列入這一名單。

A Qinghai schools official, who would only give his surname, Mr. Chen, said Thursday that a preliminary appraisal was done on school buildings in Yushu at the end of last year, and that construction work to strengthen them was scheduled to begin in May.
青海一位只透露姓陳的教育官員周四說，去年年底對(duì)玉樹的學(xué)校建筑進(jìn)行了一次初步評(píng)估，校舍的加固工作原本計(jì)劃于5月份開始。

Online commentary on news reports of Wednesday's quake has focused on the collapsed schools. Given the experience of the earthquake in Sichuan, one person from Fujian asked in a posting on Web portal Sina.com: 'Why did the schools collapse again in Yushu? Is it a natural disaster, or negligence by our officials?'
周三地震相關(guān)新聞報(bào)道引起的網(wǎng)上評(píng)論關(guān)注了校舍倒塌的問題。考慮到四川地震的前車之鑒，一位來自福建的網(wǎng)民在門戶網(wǎng)站新浪網(wǎng)上發(fā)帖問，玉樹的校舍為什么又倒了？這是自然災(zāi)害，還是我們官員的失職？

Yushu prefecture, whose population is about 97% Tibetan, is remote, sparsely populated, mountainous and poor. Many residents earn their living raising yaks, sheep and horses. Chinese government efforts to curtail grazing as an environmental-protection measure have caused economic dislocation.
玉樹州人口約97%為藏族人。這是一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)、人煙稀少、多山而貧窮的地區(qū)。很多居民靠蓄養(yǎng)口牛、綿羊和馬匹為生。中國(guó)政府限制放牧以保護(hù)環(huán)境的措施阻礙了經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。

According to government figures, there were 192 schools with 67,178 students in Yushu prefecture last year. The No. 3 Wanquan Primary School had 3,200 students, nearly all the children of herding families, according to a December report in Youth Times, a daily newspaper published by the Communist Party Youth League. The story said children were in need of winter clothes.
政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù)顯示，去年玉樹州有學(xué)校192所，學(xué)生67,178人。據(jù)團(tuán)中央機(jī)關(guān)報(bào)《中國(guó)青年報(bào)》去年12月報(bào)道，玉樹縣第三完全小學(xué)有學(xué)生3,200人，差不多所有孩子都來自牧民家庭。這篇報(bào)道說孩子們?nèi)狈Χ?/p>

The earthquake destroyed 15,000 homes, leaving 100,000 people in need of relocation, according to China's Ministry of Civil Affairs.
中國(guó)民政部稱，地震中有15,000戶民房倒塌，10萬人需要轉(zhuǎn)移安置。