2021考研英語長難句復習（一五五）

　　

　　The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership.

　　【補充】

　　first by ... and then by ....

　　為非限制性定語從句which is省略

　　=(which is) first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century.

　　which指代前方先行詞the widespread introduction of refereeing

　　例如：

　　Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is “off-line.”

　　= (which is)regulating moods while the brain is “off-line.”

　　which 指代先行詞the mind’s emotional thermostat

　　參考譯文

　　其總的結果是，業(yè)余人員更難在專業(yè)地質刊物上發(fā)表論文：加強廣泛引入評審制度的結果。該制度開始是在19世紀為期刊所采用，后來在20世紀為幾個當?shù)氐刭|期刊所采用。這樣發(fā)展的邏輯結果是出現(xiàn)了針對專業(yè)讀者和業(yè)余讀者的不同雜志。