雅思詞匯之欣賞“拿鐵藝術(shù)”

　　Latte art, also sometimes described as cappuccino art, is a pattern or miniature sculpture produced within the froth that tops off milky coffee drinks such as cappuccino or latte.

　　拿鐵藝術(shù)(latte art)，有時(shí)候也叫做卡布奇諾藝術(shù)，是一種在卡布奇諾或拿鐵等牛奶咖啡飲品的表面用奶泡畫出圖案或者進(jìn)行微型雕花的藝術(shù)，也就是俗稱的咖啡拉花。

　　Latte art is formed by mixing crema (the technical term for the liquid formed from coffee oil and water) and microfoam (the foam produced when air is passed through milk using a steam wand on an espresso machine). Since neither of these substances are stable (coffee dissipates and foam becomes liquid milk), latte art needs to be admired and appreciated as soon as it's completed, the careful designs simply 'dissolving' after a few minutes!

　　咖啡拉花是將克麗瑪(術(shù)語：由咖啡脂和水混合成的液體)和牛奶微泡(在蒸汽奶泡機(jī)中使用蒸汽棒將牛奶打成的泡沫)混合后形成的。因?yàn)檫@兩種物質(zhì)均不是穩(wěn)定的(咖啡會(huì)消散，奶泡也會(huì)變成液體牛奶)，所以咖啡拉花藝術(shù)需要在完成時(shí)立即欣賞，精心的設(shè)計(jì)圖案僅僅存在幾分鐘就會(huì)“消失殆盡”。

　　There are two varieties of latte art – one in which the foam is sculpted into a 3D pattern, and the other, more common approach, of 'etching' a pattern in the froth as the milk hits the surface of the coffee. Classic examples of latte art are patterns such as hearts, rosettes and ferns, but designs can be much more complicated, and include cartoon characters, intricate portraits, or even 3D animals. Some more serious 'latte artists' sometimes use colored syrups to 'paint' on the coffee and bring a vibrant twist to this unusual form of artwork. (Source: macmillandictionary.com)

　　目前有兩種拉花藝術(shù)：一種是用泡沫塑成一個(gè)立體的圖形，而另一種更為普遍的做法是，將牛奶注入咖啡時(shí)用在咖啡表面形成的牛奶泡沫蝕刻出圖案。經(jīng)典的咖啡拉花圖案有心形、薔薇花型和蕨類葉型，但是也可以設(shè)計(jì)得更為復(fù)雜，包括卡通角色、精致的肖像，甚至是立體的動(dòng)物形象。一些更鉆研的拉花藝術(shù)家們會(huì)選用帶有顏色的糖漿在咖啡上作畫，為這一與眾不同的藝術(shù)形式增加亮點(diǎn)。