雙語：美國20元紙幣將印上黑人女性頭像

African-American abolitionist and humanitarian Harriet Tubman, who led hundreds of slaves to freedom, will replace Andrew Jackson on the $20 bill.

非洲裔美國女性哈里特·塔布曼將出現(xiàn)在新的20元紙幣上，代替安德魯·杰克遜總統(tǒng)。

U.S. Treasury Secretary Jack Lew confirmed Wednesday that Tubman will be the first African-American featured on U.S. currency, and the first woman on paper currency in more than 100 years. He did not indicate when the new bill would be in circulation.

美國財政部長雅各布·盧星期三宣布，塔布曼將成為第一位頭像印在在美國貨幣上的非洲裔美國人，她也是100多年來首位出現(xiàn)在美國紙幣上的女性。

Lew originally announced his intention to put a woman on the $10 bill last June, but has since faced pressure from various groups and individuals to rethink the $20.

非洲裔美國女性哈里特·塔布曼因帶領(lǐng)數(shù)百名奴隸通向自由而受到贊譽(yù)。她的頭像將替代前總統(tǒng)安德魯·杰克遜的頭像被印在美國新的20元紙幣上。

Andrew Jackson, the former president featured on the $20 bill, was responsible for the Indian Removal Act of 1830, which started what was known as the Trail of Tears — a forced migration on which thousands of Native Americans died.

目前20元紙幣上印著的是前總統(tǒng)杰克遜的頭像。杰克遜總統(tǒng)蓄奴，而他簽署的1830年印第安人遷移法導(dǎo)致印第安人被迫開始西遷的“血淚之路”，他們中的數(shù)千人在這個過程中死亡。

Tubman grew up a slave in Maryland. Born Araminta Ross in 1822, most historians believe she was taken from her parents and put to work when she was barely 6 years old. A brutal beating at the age of 12 caused her to suffer from seizures the rest of her life. She was a devout Christian and experienced visions and vivid dreams, which she ascribed to premonitions from God.

As a young woman, she married John Tubman. She escaped with the help of a whiteneighbor, who gave her the names of people who would hide her during her travels north.

Harriet Tubman returned to Maryland for members of her family and other slaves, making the trip about 20 times to lead more people to freedom. They traveled at night along backroads and waterways, and historians say Tubman would pull a gun on anyone who threatened to back out.

But Tubman will not be the only woman pictured on U.S. paper currency.

The $10 bill will be redesigned and released in 2020. The first U.S. treasury secretary, Alexander Hamilton, will remain on the front, but the back will include members of the women's suffrage movement, treasury officials said.

The back of the $5 note will have an image of singer Marian Anderson and former first lady Eleanor Roosevelt.

Who was Harriet Tubman?

Born: In Maryland in 1822; was named Araminta Harriet Ross.

出生：1822年生于馬里蘭州，名字為阿拉明塔·哈里特·羅斯

Marriage: In 1844, she married a free black man named John Tubman.

婚姻：1844年，與自由黑人約翰·塔布曼結(jié)婚

Escape: Accounts suggest at the age of 27, Tubman met an agent with the Underground Railroad, who helped her escape to freedom in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1849.

逃亡：資料顯示，1849年， 27歲的塔布曼遇到一名幫助奴隸逃亡的“地下鐵路”的“代理人”，這名代理人幫她逃到賓夕法尼亞州的費(fèi)城，得到自由

Abolition: Tubman became an abolitionist, returning to the South to lead dozens of slaves to freedom along the Underground Railroad.

廢奴：塔布曼成為廢奴主義者，她回到南方帶領(lǐng)數(shù)十名奴隸沿著“地下鐵路”通向自由

Nickname: Earned the nickname “Moses” for leading so many slaves to freedom in the North.

綽號：由于帶領(lǐng)那么多奴隸逃往北方，她贏得了“摩西”的綽號

Underground Railroad: A secret network of routes, private homes and other hiding places that helped fugitive slaves escape the South and flee to Northern states and Canada, where slavery was outlawed.

地下鐵路：一個由各種路線、私人住所和其他避難場所構(gòu)成的秘密網(wǎng)絡(luò)，用來幫助奴隸逃出南方，前往禁奴的美國北方和加拿大

American Civil War: Tubman later worked as a nurse, scout and spy for the Union army during the Civil War.

美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)：塔布曼后來在內(nèi)戰(zhàn)期間是北方聯(lián)軍的護(hù)士、偵察員和間諜

Died: March 10, 1913, at age 91. She was buried with military honors at Fort Hill Cemetery in Auburn, New York.

逝世：塔布曼于1913年3月10日去世，享年91歲;她被安葬在紐約州奧本市的福特堡公墓，葬禮享受軍人葬禮待遇

Slavery: The U.S. abolished slavery in 1865.

奴隸制：美國1865年廢除奴隸制