英美文化：英語中那些含有歧視義的詞語

　　同志

　　Once, this word meant 'happy' -think Victorian children dancing prettily around a maypole。

　　這個(gè)詞的本義是“愉悅的”，你可以想象維多利亞時(shí)代的小孩兒在五朔節(jié)(每年的5月1日，是北半球的春季節(jié)日)花柱歡快起舞的場(chǎng)景。

　　Now, the common word for 'homosexual'can also be used to mean 'pathetic'. Many young people (this is often a millennial thing) still have a hangover from the playground and utter sentences such as 'that's so gay' - meaning 'that's lame'。

　　如今，“gay”既可以表示“同性戀”(homosexual)，也可以表示“可悲”(pathetic)。許多年輕人(20世紀(jì)開始)在夜場(chǎng)宿醉之后仍然會(huì)說“that's so gay”，意為“太遜了”。

　　Use this instead: C**p

　　替換詞語：C**p

　　2、Retarded

　　遲鈍

　　‘Retard’ as a verb originally meant to ‘delay or hold back in terms of progress or development’。

　　作為一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，“retard”本義是“拖延進(jìn)度”。

　　But the noun is used as an offensive term used to describe a person with a mental disability, or to suggest that someone is being stupid。

　　但作為名詞，它也可以是貶義，指某個(gè)人智力殘疾或暗示其很笨。

　　Use this instead: Twit。

　　替換詞語：Twit。

　　3、Rapey

　　強(qiáng)奸的

　　It’s OK to use the words ‘rape’or ‘rapist’ in context. But the invented adjective ‘rapey’ is an unwelcome knock-on effect。

　　如果有上下文，我們是可以使用“rape”(強(qiáng)奸)或者“rapist”(強(qiáng)奸犯)的。但是，由此引申出來的形容詞“rapey”卻是不合時(shí)宜的。

　　Typically it's used by people to describe someone who might look like a rapist，is acting in a lecherous way, or a potentially sinister situation ("that alley is really rapey"). It might sound harmless, but it can trivialise a serious crime。

　　通常來講，repay主要用來指那些行為淫蕩，看起來像強(qiáng)奸犯的人，或者指某種可能引發(fā)犯罪的場(chǎng)合(例如：那條小巷很“rapey”)。盡管可能聽起來沒什么惡意，但卻可能引發(fā)重大犯罪事件。

　　Use this instead: Creepy。

　　替換詞語：Creepy

　　4、Spastic

　　麻痹患者

　　As with ‘retard’ this term is often used to describe people with disabilities, in a derogatory way。

　　跟“retard”一樣，“spastic”經(jīng)常用來指那些身有殘疾的人，暗含貶義。

　　It was in the 1990s that it started to be employed as an insult, mostly to describe someone clumsy: such as‘you spaz’ or ‘you’re so spastic.’

　　上個(gè)世紀(jì)90年代，“spastic”開始含有侮辱的意思，經(jīng)常指某人很蠢，例如“you spaz“ 或者 “you’re so spastic”。

　　Such was the impact of this, that charity The Spastics Society changed its name to Scope in 1994,in an attempt say something more positive about disability。

　　受此影響，1994年，慈善機(jī)構(gòu)“The Spastics Society”把自己的名字改成“Scope”，試圖用更正面的詞去表示殘疾。

　　Use this instead: Clumsy

　　替換詞語：Clumsy

　　5、Paedo

　　戀童癖者

　　‘Paedo’ is a shortened term for a‘paedophile’ – but it’s also often used as a joke. For example, if a guy has a younger girlfriend. Or if someone takes their young nieces and nephews to the park。

　　“Paedo”是單詞“paedophile”的縮寫，但有時(shí)也用作玩笑。例如，某人有個(gè)年輕的女朋友或者某人帶自己小侄子小侄女去公園。

　　Making light of such a horrendous offence is something that needs to stop。

　　然而，我們不應(yīng)當(dāng)隨隨便便開這種惡意的玩笑。

　　Use this instead: Just don’t -unless you’re describing a real child sex offender。

　　替換詞語：不要使用，除非你要用它指那些兒童性侵犯者。