美國(guó)大選互相攻擊的三種說(shuō)法

世界矚目的美國(guó)大選中，每個(gè)候選人為了當(dāng)選總是想方設(shè)法地抬高自己，貶低別人。今天我們就來(lái)講候選人之間互相攻擊的三個(gè)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)。

1 blame game

Blame是責(zé)怪或指責(zé)的意思，game在這里是指策略或手法。Blame game是候選人把造成某些社會(huì)問題的責(zé)任推到競(jìng)選對(duì)手身上去的手法，哪怕他明明知道這是他自己的責(zé)任。

例如：I'm not going to play the blame game and say who's at fault that so many people are out of work. But I have to tell you my opponent did vote against three bills to create new jobs.

我不會(huì)把造成那么多人失業(yè)的責(zé)任推給別人，我不會(huì)使用那種推卸責(zé)任的把戲。但是，我得告訴你們，在國(guó)會(huì)就三項(xiàng)有關(guān)創(chuàng)造新就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的提案投票時(shí)，我的對(duì)手投的是反對(duì)票。”

又如：Harry Truman, who was President from 1945 to 1952, was one man who did not play the blame game. He had a sign on his desk: The Buck Stops Here.

杜魯門從1945到1952年擔(dān)任美國(guó)總統(tǒng)。他是一個(gè)不推卸責(zé)任的人，他的桌子上有一塊牌子，上面寫著“我負(fù)責(zé)”這幾個(gè)字。

2 negative campaigning

Negative是反面的意思，campaigning就是競(jìng)選。那么什么是negative campaigning呢?Negative campaigning就是候選人集中力量講對(duì)手的缺點(diǎn)，以此來(lái)抬高自己。

例如：A listener just called in to ask what I mean by negative campaigning. Well, it means a candidate's main strategy is to tell voters how bad the other guy is instead of talking about how good he is himself.

一位聽眾剛才打電話來(lái)問什么是negative campaigning。Negative campaigning的意思是一個(gè)候選人采用的主要策略是告訴選民他的對(duì)手是如何的壞，而不是說(shuō)自己是如何如何的好。

又如：Some political observers say that negative campaigning isn't working this year--that voters want to hear positive ideas about how to create new jobs and give people better health care.

有些政治觀察家說(shuō)，盡力貶低對(duì)方的反面競(jìng)選方式今年行不通。選民們要聽有積極意義的主意，像如何增加就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)、為公眾提供更好的保健措施等。

3 to come out swinging

To come out swinging實(shí)際上是來(lái)自拳擊運(yùn)動(dòng)的一個(gè)俗語(yǔ)。當(dāng)兩個(gè)重量級(jí)拳擊手比賽的時(shí)候，只要鈴一響，他們就沖到場(chǎng)地的中央，盡力地?fù)]舞雙臂，各自企圖在對(duì)方還沒有時(shí)間襲擊他的時(shí)候就給對(duì)方致命一擊。用在競(jìng)選的時(shí)候，to come out swinging就成了候選人互相攻擊的意思。

例如：After a day off, President Bush and Governor Clinton this morning again launched another hard week of campaigning, and they both came out swinging.

休息了一天后，布什總統(tǒng)和克林頓州長(zhǎng)今天早上又開始了一個(gè)星期的艱苦競(jìng)選旅程，他們兩人一開始就互相攻擊。

又如：They say the big mistake the Democratic candidate made in 1988 was that he failed to come out swinging the day after the convention.

他們說(shuō)民主黨1988年總統(tǒng)候選人的錯(cuò)誤是他沒有在全國(guó)代表大會(huì)后馬上展開攻擊。