2023考研英語詞匯128 個(gè)熟詞僻意詞整理匯總

2023考研英語詞匯是考研英語基礎(chǔ)階段復(fù)習(xí)的首要內(nèi)容，關(guān)于考研英語詞匯的備考，考生除了利用詞根詞綴進(jìn)行詞匯的記憶外，對詞匯進(jìn)行分類整理也至關(guān)重要?？佳杏⒄Z詞匯128個(gè)熟詞僻義整理匯總。

1.administrate v.實(shí)施，執(zhí)行;給予，投(藥)

administrate rites/administrate drugs/ administer justice 實(shí)施儀式/使用藥物/執(zhí)行審判

2.address.解決;致詞

address this issue 解決這個(gè)問題.

The president addressed the nation during the war.總統(tǒng)在戰(zhàn)時(shí)對全國發(fā)表演講。

3.air n.神氣，架子

There is a high air in his tone.

他的語氣中透出一種高傲的感覺。

on the air 用無線電傳播

4.anchor n.主播 v. 拋錨泊船;把……固定住

She anchored the gig before it was too late.

她及時(shí)停住了快艇。

5.appropriate vt. 擅用，挪用，占用，盜用

We have to appropriate more resource if we want to win.如果我們想贏的話，我們必需挪用更多的資源。

6.associate adj.(官職)副的 n. 同事，伙伴

He is pretty young as an associate professor.作為一個(gè)副教授來說，他很年輕。

7.balance n. 差額;結(jié)余，余款

We will check the balance sheet before we put any more money in your company.

在投更多的錢進(jìn)你們公司之前我們必須檢查一下你們的資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表。

8.bore v.鉆(孔)，挖(洞)，打眼，鉆探

I am bored from all the boring work.

挖這么長時(shí)間的洞，真無聊。

9.boss v. 指揮，支配，發(fā)號施令

Don't boss me around.別指手畫腳的。

10. combination” n. 化合物;密碼

The combination is too hard to crack. 密碼太難破解了。

11. complex n. 行.聯(lián)合體;情結(jié)

an iron and steel complex 鋼鐵聯(lián)合企業(yè)

inferiority complex 自卑情緒

12. complication n. 復(fù)雜，糾紛;并發(fā)癥; 混亂

The jury will have to reconsider the verdict because of certain complications

involved. 因?yàn)橐恍?fù)雜的情況的介入，陪審團(tuán)必須得重新考慮審判結(jié)果。

13. dial n.鐘(表)面，刻度盤，撥號盤

the dial is luminous so you can see the clock in dark.

因?yàn)殓娒鏁l(fā)光所以你可以在黑暗看見鐘。

14. displacement n. 行.移置;取代; 位移;排水量

Displacement is the actual distance between two sites.位移是兩點(diǎn)問的實(shí)際距離。

The largest displacement of civilian population since World War Two A ship with a displacement of 10000 tonnes.

15. extension n. 電話分機(jī)

16. fare v. 過活，生活; 進(jìn)展

You may go farther and fare worse.

[諺]走得更遠(yuǎn)可能情況更糟(知足常樂)。

17.file n. 銼刀.銼

Manicurists are skilled at shaping and filing nails.

美甲師對修剪、銼光指甲很在行。

filed for divorce ?出離婚

18.harbor/harbour n. 避難所，藏身處.vt 隱匿，窩藏，包 庇 harbor the criminal 藏匿罪犯

19. hearing n. 審訊;聽證會

Her hearing 聽覺 is poor. He is hearing-impaired= he is not able to hear well. 他聽覺受損。

20. hearty adj. 豐盛的 breakfast ;衷心的;健壯的 man;n. 朋友們，伙伴們 heartily adv. 極其地;強(qiáng)烈地

Most Afghans are heartily sick of war。大多數(shù)阿富汗人極其厭惡戰(zhàn)爭。

21. jealous adj. 猜疑的，警惕的(of) be jealous of wealth.

jealousy n. 嫉妒，戒備

22. lame adj. 站不住腳的，有缺陷的 cripple

That's a lame idea.真是個(gè)糟糕的主意。

23. minute adj. 微小的(差別等)，微細(xì)的;詳細(xì)的 v.將......記錄下來

24. mission n. 使團(tuán)，代表團(tuán); 使命

entertain a foreign mission 招待一個(gè)外國使團(tuán)

25. motion vt. 打手勢. n.?議，動議

an urgent motion -個(gè)緊急的動議 in motion 在進(jìn)行中

26. nail v. 將……釘牢，釘住;搞

定 He totally nailed the job.

他漂亮地搞定了那個(gè)工作。

hit the nail on the head.正中要害;揭露

27. negative n. 負(fù)數(shù);(攝影)底片

28. nerve n. 勇敢，膽量 gut

have the nerves to do sth.有勇氣去做某事

29. at odds (with)(與)……不一致;差異;爭執(zhí)

30. overall 以.[pl.](套頭)作服，工裝

31.panel n. 面，板;控制板，儀表盤;專門小組

judge panel 裁判團(tuán)

32. proceedings n. 學(xué)報(bào); 訴訟, 議程，回憶記錄

33.scale n.刻度，標(biāo)度;天平，磅秤;比例尺;音階;魚鱗

34.sophisticated adj. 尖端的，先進(jìn)的;老練的老于世故 的 sophisticate v. 弄復(fù)雜，曲解

35. specifications n. 規(guī)格，說明書，規(guī)范

36.speculate vt. 投機(jī),推測，思索 about/that;

they speculated in/on property 投機(jī)房地產(chǎn)

37.straw n. 吸管;簽 adj.一文不值的東西 draw straws 抽簽

38. stroke n. 擊，敲;報(bào)時(shí)的鐘聲;一擊，一劃，一筆;一次努力;中風(fēng);撫摸

a stroke of genius 天才之舉

He had a stroke at dinner。晚飯的時(shí)候他中風(fēng)了。

39.tap n. 塞子，龍頭; v. 輕拍, 輕叩，輕敲;

40.tender adj. 嫩的;脆弱的;敏感的;溫柔的，溫的 vt.使柔軟 vi.?出，?供;投標(biāo) 全國一致行動。

The president tendered his resignation. 總統(tǒng)遞交了他的辭呈。

41.by the same token 由于同樣原因，同樣地

He doesn't have the proper clearance to go 他沒有去那里的適當(dāng)許可。

42.trust n. 盼望，希望;委托，信托;托拉斯(壟斷)

43.utter v.說，表達(dá);發(fā)出(聲音) adj.徹底的，完全的

44. upset v.打翻，推翻 ;顛覆;擾 亂 upset a room 弄亂房間

45.variation n.變種，變異 gene variation

46. venture v.大膽表示 n.冒險(xiǎn)事業(yè)

joint venture 合資企業(yè) venture to do sth.冒險(xiǎn)做某事

47.wage u.進(jìn)行，開展

wage a war 發(fā)動戰(zhàn)爭

48. yield n. 出產(chǎn)，生長;產(chǎn)量 v 屈服，服從(to).

How much can you yield from that field?

那塊田能有多少的產(chǎn)量?

He never yielded during the interrogation.

他在整個(gè)審問過程中都沒有屈服。

49. chance 行.機(jī)會口.碰巧;冒險(xiǎn)

chance doing sth.冒險(xiǎn)做某事

I chanced to be there.我碰巧在那兒

50.cement n.水泥 vt. 鞏固

This item has cemented our friendship.

51. pool n.水池口，集資，合資

We pooled our money to build a house.

我們集資建一座房子。

52. bleed v.流血，勒索

The blackmailer bled him for$20,000.

勒索者勒索他兩萬關(guān)金。

53. bug n.小毛病口.煩擾，打擾

He always bugs me.他總是煩擾我。

54.blunt adj.鈍的口.減弱，消弱

Her bad behavior blunted his interest to her.

她的壞習(xí)慣減弱了他對她的興趣。

55. context n.上下文; 環(huán)境

environment context 歷史環(huán)境

56. connection n.聯(lián)系，關(guān)系;

personal connection 私人關(guān)系資源

57. concert n.音樂會;一起，一致.和諧

The whole nation acted in concert. 全國一致行動。

58. cite v.援引;引用;表彰或獎勵+積極信息; 指控或傳訊+消極信息

59. clearance n.清理，清除;批準(zhǔn)，官方許可，票據(jù)

He doesn't have the proper clearance to go there。

他沒有去那里的適當(dāng)許可。

60. discount v.打折;冷漠;漠視

He discounted his expense in his plan.在他的計(jì)劃里他忽視了花費(fèi)。

61. cushion n.墊子 vt.緩沖

Welfare provides a cushion against hardship.

福利給困苦?供了一個(gè)緩解。

62. crisp n.脆的;干凈利落的，簡明扼要的

63. cream n.精華

He is the cream of the crop.

他是這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)中的精英。

64. fiction n.小說，編造，虛

構(gòu) 65.definition 分辨率 清晰度

66. drain v.排干;耗盡;枯竭

I feel completely drained.

我感覺完全筋疲力盡。

67. drive n.駕駛;干勁;能動性

lack drive and ambition 缺乏干勁和雄心

68. employ n./vt.雇傭;使用

employ sb.雇傭某人 employ sth.使用某物

You employ knife, fork and spoon in eating.

你使用刀子、叉子和勺子吃飯。

69.frontier n.邊界;尖端領(lǐng)域，新領(lǐng)域，領(lǐng)先的

70. fossil n.化石. adj 頑固的，保守的

71.firework n.煙花;激情迸發(fā);發(fā)火，發(fā)怒

72.grip v.抓，吸引……的注意

73.gross n. 總的;嚴(yán)重的;粗俗的

The court found the doctor guilty of gross.

法院發(fā)現(xiàn)醫(yī)生犯有嚴(yán)重的罪行。

74.hatch v.孵出;思考，謀劃

75.hinge n.絞鏈;折葉;關(guān)鍵

76.mean n.平均值;[pl.]手段，方法，引申 adj，卑鄙的，卑劣的(“耍手段的”)

77. lever n. 杠桿;方法，手段

78.pattern n.樣式 v.模仿，仿制

He patterned himself on a man he admired.

他模仿一個(gè)他敬仰的人。

79. particular adj.特別的;講究的，挑剔的 n.詳細(xì)說明;特別項(xiàng)目

be particular about 對……講究

80. overhead n.天花板;頭頂物 n.(財(cái)會)經(jīng)常性的費(fèi)用;房租、水電費(fèi)等

81.momentum n.動力;沖量;聲勢

82.milk v.擠奶;榨取，勒索

He milk his rich aunt until she hadn't a penny left.

他將其富有的姑姑榨取得一分不剩。

83. practice n.練習(xí);慣例，習(xí)慣; 實(shí)踐 It

is his practice/hobby to sleep late.

晚睡是他的習(xí)慣。

84.preface n.序言，前言;前奏，……的開端

85.reflect vt.反射，反應(yīng);仔細(xì)考慮;反省

86.readily adj，樂意地;容易地

87.provision n.供應(yīng)，?供;條款或規(guī)定

according to the contract's provision 根據(jù)合同的條款

88.provincial 省的，省級的;眼光狹隘的

89. province.省;范圍，領(lǐng)域

90.property n.財(cái)產(chǎn);性質(zhì)，性能

Many plants have medical properties.

很多植物有藥性/醫(yī)療性能。

91.start v. 開動，啟動;開創(chuàng)，創(chuàng)辦

start (up) the engine 啟動引擎

start a newspaper 創(chuàng)辦報(bào)紙

92.spark n.火花，火星 n.微妙，一點(diǎn)兒。，發(fā)

出火花，閃爍;激發(fā)，鼓舞

a spark of=a minute of -點(diǎn)兒

spark the creativity 激發(fā)創(chuàng)造性

93.school n.學(xué)院，學(xué)校;學(xué)派

There are various schools on this subject.

在這個(gè)專題/課題上有很多學(xué)派。

Many mothers schooled their daughters in the myth of female inferiority.許多母親用

男尊女卑的錯誤觀念教育女兒。

94.satisfaction n. 滿足;賠償

If you can't get any satisfaction, complain to the park owner.

如果你得不到任何賠償，就向公園的所有者投訴。

95. sandwich n.三明治口.加入或擠入

He was sandwiched between the two powers.

他被夾在兩股權(quán)力之間。

96. sample n. 樣本，標(biāo)本 v. 體驗(yàn)，嘗試

sample the country life 體驗(yàn)鄉(xiāng)村生活

97.run v，經(jīng)營，管理;競選

in the long run 從長遠(yuǎn)來看 in the short run 從短期來

看 run for the president 競選總統(tǒng)

98.rest n.休息，取決于，歸因于(寫作)

rest on at least two factors 至少取決于 2 個(gè)因

素 rely on - rest on 依靠

99. principal n.小學(xué)校長;資本，資金

100. preparation.準(zhǔn)備;制劑，制品

a preparation for cleaning metals

一種清洗金屬的制劑

101. second num.第二 vt.贊成，附和

second the proposal 贊成這項(xiàng)?議

102.scratch v.抓，撓，搔，起跑線 start

from scratch 從頭開始，白手起家

103. weather v. 經(jīng)受，遭受，使分吹雨打 adj. 露天的 ，迎風(fēng)的

Unpainted wooden furniture weathers to a grey color.

沒有上漆的木質(zhì)家具會褪成灰色。

If you weather a difficult time or a difficult situation, you survive it and are

able to continue normally after it has passed or ended. 經(jīng)受住

The company has weathered the recession.

公司度過了蕭條期。

104. institution n. 制度;習(xí)俗

I believe in the institution of marriage.

我相信婚姻制度。

105. function n. (數(shù)學(xué)) 函數(shù);功能;責(zé)任

His function is similar to a judge. 他

的職責(zé)和法官相似。

106. disposition n. (心里)性情;(軍事)部署，傾向; 處置

The twin brothers are alike in appearance but differ greatly in disposition.

這對孿生兄弟外貌很相像， 但性格卻相差很大。

107. might n. 權(quán)利;力量;勢力

The might of the army could prove a decisive factor.

軍隊(duì)的力量最終可能成為一個(gè)決定性的因素。

108. discipline n. 學(xué)科;紀(jì)律;訓(xùn)練;懲罰 vt. 訓(xùn)練，訓(xùn)導(dǎo);懲戒

We're looking for people from a wide range of disciplines.

我們正在尋找各類學(xué)科的人才。

109. assume vt. 承擔(dān);假定;采取;呈現(xiàn) vi. 裝腔作勢;多管閑事

6He managed to assume an air of calm.

他設(shè)法表現(xiàn)出一幅平靜的樣子。

110. advantage n. 優(yōu)勢;利益;有利條件 vi. 獲利 vt. 有利于;使處于優(yōu)勢

She took advantage of him even after they were divorced.

她甚至在他們離婚以后仍然利用他。

111. preserve v. 儲備

to preserve talents 儲備人才

112. shaky adj. 搖晃的; 無根據(jù)的; 不堅(jiān)定的;不可靠的

shaky evidence 站不住腳的理論

13. credit n. 信用;學(xué)分;聲望 vt. 信任;歸功于...

It would be wrong for us to take all the credit.

我們把所有的功勞都攬到自己身上就不對了。

114. element n. 自然環(huán)境，成分

The area where most refugees are waiting is exposed to the elements.

大部分難民滯留的地區(qū)暴露在風(fēng)雨之中。

115. novel adj. 新穎的，異常的

Protesters found a novel way of demonstrating against steeply rising oil prices.

抗議者們找到一種新奇的示威方式來反對石油價(jià)格的飆升。

116.weigh v. 考慮，權(quán)衡

At the same time, the American Law Institute — a group of judges, lawyers, and

academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight — issued new guidelines for

tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard

them with a lengthy list of possible ones. (真題 1999, Text 1, Paragraph 4)

與此同時(shí)，美國法學(xué)會——該學(xué)會由一群法官、律師、學(xué)者所組成，他們的建議舉足輕重——

簽署了新的民事侵害法綱要，宣布公司不必警示顧客那些顯而易見的危險(xiǎn)，或者給顧客列出一份冗

長的可能造成的危險(xiǎn)的清單。

117. even a. 均勻的;公平的 n. 偶數(shù)

They seemed a priesthood, rather uneven in their merits but uniform in their

bearing; they never referred to anything personal.

他們看起來像神職人員，盡管道行參差不齊，但舉止非常統(tǒng)一;他們從來不談私事。

118.odd a. 臨時(shí)的，剩余的，奇怪的

Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern

only of data-rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information

protection is now high on the boss’s agenda in businesses of every variety. (真題

2007, Text 4, Paragraph 1)

迄今為止，信息保護(hù)工作一直被留給臨時(shí)的、低層次的信息技術(shù)人員承擔(dān)，并且只被看成是信

息資源豐富產(chǎn)業(yè)所關(guān)切的一個(gè)方面，比如銀行業(yè)、電信業(yè)以及航空旅行業(yè)，如今，信息保護(hù)則成為

各類商業(yè)老板議事日程中需要優(yōu)先考慮的問題。

119.. weather v. 抵抗，克服

This “added-worker effect” could support the safety net offered by unemployment

insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. (真題 2007, Text

3, Paragraph 2)

7這種“額外工人效應(yīng)”可以支持由失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)或殘疾保險(xiǎn)?供的安全網(wǎng)，以便幫助家庭渡過難關(guān)。

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120.voice n. 意見，發(fā)言權(quán)

Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science

about global warming is incomplete, that it’s OK to keep pouring fumes into the air

until we know for sure. (真題 2005, Text 2, Paragraph 3)

就象吸煙問題一樣，來自不同領(lǐng)域的意見堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為有關(guān)全球變暖的科學(xué)資料還不完整。在我們

證實(shí)這件事之前可以向大氣中不斷的排放氣體。

121.resume v. 重新開始，恢復(fù)

If they are not looking, the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and

either will pause until eye contact is resumed or will terminate the conversation.

(CET-6, 1997.6, Passage 4, Paragraph1)

如果聽者沒有看他，說話人會以為他對話題不感興趣，因此他會暫停一下，直到眼神交流恢復(fù)

或者他會結(jié)束談話。

122. spell n.一段時(shí)間

Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that

transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human

brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by

decades if not centuries. (真題 2002, Text 2, Paragraph 4)

雖然起初在 20 世紀(jì) 60 年代和 70 年代有過一段樂觀的時(shí)期，因?yàn)樵诋?dāng)時(shí)看來，似乎晶體管

電路和微處理器的發(fā)展將使他們在 2010 年能夠模仿人類大腦的活動，但是最近研究人員已經(jīng)開始

將這個(gè)預(yù)測延后數(shù)十年，如果不是數(shù)百年的話。

123. tired 陳腐的， 陳舊的

Curiously, some two-and-a-half years and two novels later, my experiment in what the

Americans term “downshifting” has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality.(真

題 2001, Text 5, Paragraph 2)

奇怪的是，大約兩年半的時(shí)間我寫完兩部小說后，我這個(gè)被美國人稱為“放慢生活節(jié)奏”的試

驗(yàn)，卻使我老掉牙的借口變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)。

124. fault n. 毛病

Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers and other

academics who have questioned science’s objectivity. (真題 1998, Text 3, Paragraph 4)

格羅斯和萊維特主要挑那些質(zhì)疑科學(xué)客觀性的社會學(xué)家、哲學(xué)家和其他學(xué)者的毛病。

125. practice n. 慣例，習(xí)慣，做法

Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country’s excellent

elementary schools; a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of

giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal,

“spatial” thinking about things technological. (真題 1996, Text 4, Paragraph 2)

在諸多形成因素中，我想特別指出這個(gè)國家優(yōu)異的小學(xué)教育;歡迎新技術(shù)的勞動大軍;對發(fā)明者

進(jìn)行獎勵的做法;尤其是美國人在處理技術(shù)性事物所具有的非語言的空間思維才能。

126. principal n. 最重要的，主要的

The principal difficulty faced by the schools has been the tremendous increase in

the number of pupils. (CET-6, 2003.6, Passage 3, Paragraph 1)

8學(xué)校面臨的主要困難一直是學(xué)生人數(shù)的劇增。

127. tell v. 區(qū)別，分辨,識別

Scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to

tell if the cause is a cold or flu may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.

(CET-4, 2005.1, Passage 1, Paragraph 1)

嗓子疼、鼻子不通和渾身酸痛都會帶來痛苦，但是能夠識別其原因是普通感冒還是流感，對于

這種痛苦持續(xù)的時(shí)間長短會有著重要的意義。

128. land v. (使)靠岸(登陸、降落)

Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as “steering the

economy to a soft landing” or “a touch on the brakes,” makes it sound like a

precise science. (真題 1997, Text 5, Paragraph 1)

很多用來描述貨幣政策的詞，如“引導(dǎo)經(jīng)濟(jì)軟著陸”，“觸動經(jīng)濟(jì)剎車”，聽起來像是一門精確的科學(xué)。

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