接好咯：一份超全面的英語學(xué)習(xí)指南
多數(shù)情況英語學(xué)習(xí)最終都會歸結(jié)為如何說英語。雖然學(xué)習(xí)英語還有別的目標(biāo)，但是學(xué)會說英語不僅可以使你能與他人溝通，還能讓你在托福、托業(yè)、雅思、劍橋等等英語考試中取得高分。要學(xué)會說英語，你需要一個計(jì)劃。這篇指南提供一個大綱，供你學(xué)習(xí)說英語之用。如果你已經(jīng)會說一點(diǎn)英語，這篇指南可以讓你更快地提高英語口語水平。
難度水平：中等
時間要求：半年至三年
Here's How:具體怎么做：
Discover Which Type Of English Learner You Are
弄清自己是什么類型的學(xué)習(xí)者
When learning how to speak English you first need to find out what type of English learner you are. Ask yourself questions such as Why do I want to speak English? Do I need to speak English for my job? Do I want to speak English for travel and hobbies, or do I have something more serious in mind? find out.
學(xué)英語時你首先應(yīng)認(rèn)清自己是什么類型的學(xué)習(xí)者。問問自己：為什么我想學(xué)英語?我在工作上要用到英語嗎?我是為了旅游或者愛好學(xué)英語嗎?我心里是不是有一些更嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真的想法呢?
Understand Your Goals
了解你的目標(biāo)
Once you know what type of English learner you are, you can begin to better understand your goals. Once you know your goals, you'll better understand what you need to do to speak English well. This is similar to understanding what type learner you are. Write down a list of the things you would like to do with your English. Would you like to speak English fluently in two years? Would you like to have enough English to travel and order food in a restaurant? Understanding exactly what you want to do with English will help you learn how to speak English because you will work towards your goals.
一旦你認(rèn)清了自己是什么類型的學(xué)習(xí)者，你可以更好地了解你的目標(biāo)。一旦你明確了自己的目標(biāo)，你會更清晰地知道要怎么做才能把英語說得更好。這與了解自己的學(xué)習(xí)類型相似。列一張清單，寫明你都要英語來做什么。你想要在兩年內(nèi)說一口流利的恩英語?你想掌握足夠的英語單詞去旅行或者是點(diǎn)餐?明確你到底想用英語做什么可以幫助你學(xué)習(xí)英語，因?yàn)槟憧梢猿约旱哪繕?biāo)前進(jìn)。
Find Out Your Level
認(rèn)清自己的水平
Before you begin to learn how to speak English, you'll need to know where to begin. Taking a level test can help you understand what level you are at and then you can start using resources appropriate for your level in order to learn how to speak English well. Of course, you'll not only learn how to speak English, but also how to read, write and use English in a variety of settings. These quizzes will help you find your level. Start with the beginning level test and then move on. Stop when you get less than 60% and begin at that level.
在學(xué)英語之前，你應(yīng)該了解從哪里開始。做一個水平測試可以幫助你了解自己目前的階段。隨后你就可以利用適合現(xiàn)階段的資源學(xué)習(xí)如何將英語說的更好。當(dāng)然，你不僅僅要學(xué)如何說英語，你還要學(xué)習(xí)不同場合下英文該如何讀、寫、用。這些測試可以幫助你認(rèn)清自己的水平。從最基礎(chǔ)的測試開始，一步步加深難度，直到無法得到60分，就可以從這個階段學(xué)起。
Decide On Learning Strategy
確定學(xué)習(xí)策略
Now that you understand your English learning goals, style and level it's time to decide on an English learning strategy. The simple answer to the question of how to speak English is that you need to speak it as often as possible. Of course, it's more difficult than that. Start off by deciding which type of learning strategy you will take. Do you want to study alone? Do you want to take a class? How much time do you have to dedicate to English study? How much are you willing to pay to learn to speak English? Answer these questions and you will understand your strategy.
已經(jīng)明白了自己的目標(biāo)、類型和水平，就開始確定學(xué)習(xí)策略。要回答如何學(xué)會說英語，最簡切了當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢妇褪潜M可能多開口，當(dāng)然，說起來容易做起來難。先從確定你要采用的學(xué)習(xí)策略開始。你想要自學(xué)?還是報(bào)班?愿意花多少時間在英語學(xué)習(xí)上?愿意花多少錢?回答這些問題你就能明白自己的策略。
Put Together A Plan For Learning Grammar
為學(xué)習(xí)語法制定計(jì)劃
If you want to know how to speak English, you'll also have to know how to use English grammar. Here are my five top tips on how to speak English with good grammar.
想學(xué)會說英語，要學(xué)會語法。這里有五個建議，教你說一口流利標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的英語。
Learn grammar from context. Do exercises that have you identify tenses and from within a short reading or listening selection.
通過上下文學(xué)習(xí)語法。用文章片段和聽力片段練習(xí)時態(tài)分析。
When learning how to speak English you need to use your muscles. Read your grammar exercises aloud which will help you learn to use correct grammar when speaking.
學(xué)習(xí)講英語時需要用上你的肌肉。大聲朗讀語法練習(xí)可以讓你在說英語時不犯語法錯誤。
Don't do too much grammar! Understanding grammar doesn't mean you speak. Balance grammar with other English learning tasks.
不要做太多語法練習(xí)!理解了語法點(diǎn)并不意味著你能說。要在語法練習(xí)和其他練習(xí)中找平衡。
Do ten minutes of grammar each day. It's better to only do a little every day than a lot once a week.
每天抽十分鐘練語法。一天做一點(diǎn)要比攢著一周做一次的效果來得好。
Use self-study resources at this site. There are lots of grammar resources you can use here on the site to help you improve.
利用這個網(wǎng)站(about.com)的自學(xué)資源。這個網(wǎng)站里有許多語法學(xué)習(xí)資源供你使用，助你提高。
Put Together A Plan For Learning Speaking Skills
為學(xué)習(xí)口語制定計(jì)劃
If you want to know how to speak English, you'll have to have a plan for speaking English every day. Here are my top five tips to make sure you speak - not just study - English every day.
如果你想學(xué)會說英語，你要制定一個每天練口語的計(jì)劃。這里有5條建議讓你每天都能開口說英語而不是只從書上學(xué)習(xí)。
Do all exercises using your voice. Grammar exercises, reading exercises, everything should be read aloud.
朗讀你的所有習(xí)題，無論是語法題還是閱讀題。
Speak to yourself. Don't worry about someone hearing you. Speak out loud in English to yourself often.
自言自語。別在意別人聽到你的聲音，對自己大聲讀英語。
Choose a topic each day and speak for one minute about that topic.
每天選一個話題說一分鐘。
Use online exercises and speak in English using Skype or other programs.
使用Skype或者其他程序在線練習(xí)。
Make lots of mistakes! Don't worry about mistakes, make many and make them often.
犯錯誤!別擔(dān)心自己會犯錯，多犯錯，常犯錯。
Put Together A Plan For Learning Vocabulary
為學(xué)習(xí)詞匯制定計(jì)劃
To make sure you know how to speak English about a wide range of topics you'll need plenty of vocabulary. Here are some suggestions and resources to get you started.
要想用英語談天說地，你的詞匯量要廣。下面是一些建議和資源供你學(xué)習(xí)。
Make vocabulary trees. Vocabulary trees and other fun exercises can help you group vocabulary together for faster learning.
繪制詞匯樹形圖。詞匯樹形圖和其他有趣的練習(xí)可以讓你把詞匯分類，快速學(xué)習(xí)。
Keep track of new vocabulary you've learned in a folder.
把新學(xué)的詞匯放進(jìn)文件夾。
Use visual dictionaries to help you learn more vocabulary faster.
用詞典可以更快地學(xué)習(xí)更多詞匯。
Choose to learn vocabulary about subjects you like. There's no need to study vocabulary that doesn't interest you.
學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)你興趣的詞匯。沒必要學(xué)習(xí)你不感興趣的詞匯。
Study a little bit of vocabulary every day. Try to learn just two or three new words / expressions every day.
每天學(xué)一點(diǎn)單詞。試著每天只學(xué)兩到三個單詞或短語。
Put Together A Plan For Learning Reading / Writing
為閱讀/寫作制定計(jì)劃
If you want to learn how to speak English, you may not be too concerned with reading and writing. Still, it's a good idea to learn how to read and write in English, as well as learn how to speak English.
如果你想學(xué)會如何說英語，你不必過多關(guān)注閱讀與寫作。但是，在學(xué)習(xí)口語的同時學(xué)會閱讀與寫作不失為一個好建議。
Remember to use your own native language reading skills. You don't need to understand every single word.
記住用上母語的閱讀技巧。你不需要了解每一個詞的意思。
Practice writing short texts on blogs or for comments at popular English learning web sites. People expect errors at these sites and you'll feel very welcome.
在博客上寫短文或者在熱門英語學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)站上寫評論。人們喜歡在這些網(wǎng)站上糾錯，而你會覺得自己很受歡迎。
Read for pleasure in English. Choose a subject you like and read about it.
為興趣而讀。找一個你喜歡的話題閱讀。
Don't translate directly from your own language when writing. Keep it simple.
寫作時不要從母語直接翻譯過來，寫作語言簡潔點(diǎn)。
Put Together A Plan For Learning Pronunciation
為學(xué)習(xí)發(fā)音制定計(jì)劃
Learning how to speak English also means learning how to pronounce English.
學(xué)說英語意味著學(xué)會英語發(fā)音。
Learn about the music of English and how it can help with English pronunciation skills.
學(xué)著唱英文歌，學(xué)著用音樂提高你的英語發(fā)音水平。
Find out about typical pronunciation mistakes people speaking your native tongue make.
找出同母語者常犯的典型發(fā)音錯誤。
Consider using a pronunciation program to help you learn better pronunciation through practice.
試著用發(fā)聲的應(yīng)用幫你通過練習(xí)更好地掌握英語發(fā)音。
Get a dictionary that has good phonetic transcriptions to help you understand the sounds of English.
用一本正確標(biāo)識音標(biāo)的字典讓你了解英語讀音。
Use your mouth! Speak out loud every day the more you practice the better your pronunciation will become.
開口說!每天都要大聲說，練得越多，你的發(fā)音就越好。
Create Opportunities To Speak English
創(chuàng)造講英語的機(jī)會
Using English as often as possible is the key to learning how to speak English well. Join English learning communities online to practice speaking English with others with Skype. Join local clubs that focus on speaking English, speak to tourists and give them a helping hand. If you have friends who are learning to speak English, set aside 30 minutes every day to speak English together. Be creative and create as many opportunities as possible to speak English.
盡可能多地使用英語是學(xué)會說英語的關(guān)鍵，加入在線的英語學(xué)習(xí)交流群體來鍛煉英語口語，加入當(dāng)?shù)氐挠⒄Z俱樂部，與旅客交流向旅客提供幫助。如果你有一個在學(xué)英語的朋友，每天抽出半個小時一起說英語。要善于創(chuàng)造說英語的機(jī)會。
Tips:貼士
Be patient with yourself. It takes a while to learn how to speak English well. Remember to give yourself time and treat yourself well.
對自己有耐心。說好英語需要時間。記住要給自己時間，并獎勵自己。
Do everything everyday, but only do ten to fifteen minutes of the more boring tasks. If you want to improve listening skills, just listen to the radio fifteen minutes rather than an hour. Do ten minutes of grammar exercises. Never do too much English. It's better to do just a little bit every day rather than a lot only twice a week.
每天都要學(xué)，但是對枯燥的任務(wù)只要抽出10到15分鐘即可。如果你要提高聽力水平，每天只要聽15分鐘收音機(jī)，不用聽一個小時。做十分鐘語法練習(xí)。千萬不要學(xué)太多。每天學(xué)一點(diǎn)比兩周一次性學(xué)一堆的效果好。
Make mistakes, make more mistakes and continue to make mistakes. The only way you will learn is by making mistakes.
犯錯，犯多多的錯，并繼續(xù)犯錯。犯錯誤是唯一能讓你學(xué)會的方式。
Learn how to speak English about the things you like doing. If you enjoy speaking about the topic, it will be much easier for you to learn how to speak English well in a shorter amount of time.
學(xué)習(xí)用英語說你喜歡做的事。如果你喜歡談?wù)撨@個話題，只需要很短的時間你就能學(xué)會如何用英語談?wù)撍?/p>
What You Need:你需要什么
Patience
耐心
Time
時間
Willingness to make mistakes
愿意犯錯
Friends who can speak English with you
能用英語和你交談的朋友
Books or internet resources in English
英語書籍和網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源
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