動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞用法要點(diǎn)講解 動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞用法要點(diǎn)講解

　　(1)時(shí)態(tài)

　　①一般式：動(dòng)名詞的一般式所表示的動(dòng)作可以是泛指，也可與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，或發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前 、之后。如：

　　We are interested in collecting stamps.

　　I shall never forget seeing the Great Wall for the firsttime.

　　We are not afraid of dying.

　?、谕瓿墒剿硎镜膭?dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。如：

　　Lmagine having travelled on the moon.

　　We were praised for having finished the work ahead of time.

　　(2)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

　?、偃绻麆?dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者，動(dòng)名詞要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有一 般式與完成式之分。如：

　　The young man came in without being noticed.

　　He prided himself on having never been beaten in class.

　?、谟行﹦?dòng)詞后的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式，但表示被動(dòng)意義。如：

　　The bike needs repairing.

　　If a thing is worth doing, it is worth doing well.

　?、丛诳谡Z(yǔ)中，為避免重復(fù)，常用"to"代替不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，有時(shí)甚至可以把to省略。如：

　?、?mdash;Did you go to visit the Great Wall?

　　—No,I wanted to,but there wasn't enough time.

　　②—Would you like to come to a party?

　　—I'd love to.

　?、?mdash;Don't make any mistakes in your homework,will you?

　　—I'll try not to.

　　④—Try to be back by 12,won't you?

　　—OK,I'll try.

　　另外，be going to,ought to,used to等也常用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)中。

　?、翟趙hy引起的問句中，省略"to"。如：

　　Why spend such a lot of money?

　　Why not wait for a couple of days?

　?、懂?dāng)兩個(gè)或更多作用相同的不定式并列使用時(shí)，只在第一個(gè)不定式前加"to"。如：

　　It's quite necessary for us to read more and have morepractice.

　　⒎"to"在下列短語(yǔ)中是“介詞”，后接動(dòng)名詞或名詞形式。如：

　　devote…to,face up to(勇敢地面對(duì))，look forward to(盼望)，object to(反對(duì))，take to(養(yǎng) 成習(xí)慣，對(duì)……感興趣;開始從