英語世界文摘:Top 7 Immigration Friendly Countries

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Top 7 Immigration Friendly Countries

七大移民友好國家

文/帕特·斯普拉克林

ByPat Spracklin

So you’re ready to leave your country and start a new life somewhere, but you’re not sure which destination is right for you. Don’t just throw a dart at a map or follow your relatives: consider what your priorities will be and pick the country that’s right for you.

當(dāng)你準(zhǔn)備離開自己的祖國，到異國他鄉(xiāng)開始新的生活，卻又不清楚哪個目的地適合你時，不要僅僅往地圖上擲飛鏢或者單單跟著親戚走：先確定優(yōu)先考慮的事項，再選出適合自己的國家。

7. Norway

7.挪威

Scandinavia[1] is the most peaceful, stable, safe (and, yeah, cold) region on earth, and Norway consistently tops lists of equality, happiness, and standard of living. There’s the fjords[2]. The cool Viking[3] heritage. The rehabilitative justice system[4]. The seed bunker[5]. The massive, responsibly-invested oil wealth. Come for the cross-country ski?ing, stay for the herring!

斯堪的納維亞是世界上最和平、穩(wěn)定、安全（且寒冷）的地區(qū)，挪威也一直在平等、幸福和生活水平的各種排名中名列前茅。那里有峽灣，有酷酷的維京人遺產(chǎn)，有恢復(fù)性司法制度，有末日種子庫，還有秉持負(fù)責(zé)任原則進行投資的巨額石油財富。為跨境滑雪而來，為鯡魚留下！

[1] 斯堪的納維亞（歐洲西北部文化區(qū)，包括挪威、瑞典和丹麥，有時也包括冰島、芬蘭和法羅群島）。

[2] fjord冰川侵蝕河谷形成峽谷，再被海水倒灌成為峽灣。

[3] Viking維京人生活在1000多年前的北歐，即今天的挪威、丹麥和瑞典,以海盜文化而出名。

[4] 恢復(fù)性司法制度要求不僅對罪犯定罪量刑，還要保護受害者的利益以及恢復(fù)被犯罪破壞的安定祥和的社會秩序。挪威是最早立法制定該項制度的國家之一。rehabilitate改造（罪犯等）。

[5] 末日種子庫位于挪威斯瓦爾巴群島的一處山洞中，由挪威政府出資，旨在防止植物因天災(zāi)人禍滅絕，為植物學(xué)家提供種子基因。

It’s no surprise that Norway comes in 5th out of 175 countries in Transparency International’s rankings[6] but what is a little surprising is their murder rate of 2.2 per 100,000. That’s more than double New Zealand’s and ahead of Canada and Australia. Their Royal Motto is Everything for Norway[7]and they seem to live up to it: free tuition in their excellent public universities, day care, a social welfare net and everything you would expect from a Scandinavian kingdom with a huge sovereign wealth fund, fed by all that offshore oil.

挪威在透明國際的榜單上名列175個國家中的第5位，并不出人意料。但稍稍有點令人驚訝的是該國謀殺率為10萬分之2.2，比新西蘭高出兩倍還多，也高于加拿大和澳大利亞。挪威皇家座右銘是“一切為了挪威”，他們似乎也無愧于這句話：免學(xué)費的優(yōu)秀公立大學(xué)、日托服務(wù)、社會福利網(wǎng)，以及一個斯堪的納維亞王國所能提供的一切——這個王國擁有巨額主權(quán)財富基金，憑借海洋石油發(fā)展壯大。

[6] 指總部位于德國柏林的國際非政府組織透明國際發(fā)布的世界廉政指數(shù)排行榜，該指數(shù)反映政黨、警察、司法系統(tǒng)以及行政部門的廉潔程度，1995年起每年發(fā)布一次。

[7] Everything for Norway挪威語原文為Alt for Norge，由挪威第一任國王哈康七世提出，成為了挪威人民在二戰(zhàn)期間抵抗德國法西斯以及二戰(zhàn)后重建家園的精神指導(dǎo)。

Unsurprisingly, most immigrants to Norway have come from western and northern Europe, with Poland the source of the largest group. Immigrants also come from all over Asia, with a large portion of those coming from Turkey.

毋庸置疑，移民挪威的人大部分來自西歐和北歐，其中波蘭裔的最多。也有來自亞洲各國的移民，其中土耳其裔所占比重較大。

6. New Zealand

6.新西蘭

If you value natural beauty and a relaxed pace of life, New Zealand would make a great immigration destination. Its proximity to Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands and its well-respected and strong Maori indigenous culture[8]makes New Zealand a diverse and friendly country. If you prefer metropolitan bustle[9], stay away, but if you’re ready to slow down and have the mountains and greenery blow your mind, come on over.

如果你注重自然風(fēng)光與悠閑的生活節(jié)奏，新西蘭將是一個極好的移民目的地。新西蘭毗鄰東南亞和太平洋諸島，且十分尊重深厚的毛利本土文化，這讓新西蘭成為了一個多元又友好的國家。如果你更喜歡大都市的喧囂，就別來了；但如果你已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備慢下來，讓連綿群山和青蔥草木滌蕩你的心靈，那就來吧！

[8] 毛利人是新西蘭的土著居民，占新西蘭總?cè)丝诘?4% ，其語言和文化卻對新西蘭人的生活產(chǎn)生了重要的影響，其中毛利語演講、古代戰(zhàn)舞、碰鼻禮、紋身術(shù)、石頭火鍋等傳統(tǒng)文化非常有特色。

[9] bustle忙碌；喧囂。

The island nation is practically Scandinavian in its democratic openness and transparency. It ranks 2nd in Transparency International’s rankings and it’s murder rate of 0.9 per 100,000 inhabitants is one of the lowest in the world, less than in Australia or Canada. Unfortunately, international students at the university level pay far higher tuition than locals do. As for their national sport, the men in black[10] are all about Rugby, and New Zealand’s passion for the game is perhaps unlike anywhere else on the planet.

從民主開放度和透明度上來說，這個島國與斯堪的納維亞國家不相上下。新西蘭在透明國際的排行榜上名列第2位，是全球謀殺率最低的國家之一，僅10萬分之0.9，比澳大利亞和加拿大還低?？上У氖?，在大學(xué)階段國際學(xué)生的學(xué)費要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于本國學(xué)生。說到新西蘭的國民體育項目，全黑隊打的是英式橄欖球。新西蘭對這項運動的熱情大概無他國可比。

[10] 全黑隊是新西蘭的橄欖球國家隊，以身穿黑色球服聞名，是世界級橄欖球強隊。

Predictably, over a third of immigrants to New Zealand come from the British Isles. Japan and Korea are the next biggest source of immigration. New Zealand also gets a substantial proportion of its immigrants from the Pacific Islands. South Africa is also a big source.

可以料想，不列顛群島為新西蘭提供了超過三分之一的移民。日本和韓國是緊隨其后的兩個移民來源大國。還有相當(dāng)一部分移民來自太平洋諸島和南非。

5. America

5.美國

America is the number one immigration destination in the world, with over one-fifth of all global immigrants heading there annually, according to a recent US census[11] study. The downside to that is competition: with all of those other strivers[12] chasing the dream, you might find yourself struggling to get a foothold[13]. And in spite of generally weak employment possibilities and stalled[14] immigration reform, the US is still one of the best places to come if you’re an engineer or if you’re in the tech industry. Just don’t try entering illegally and stay out of the South.

美國是世界上的頭號移民目的地。最近一項美國人口普查研究顯示，全球每年超過五分之一的移民都流向了美國。由此而來的一個問題就是競爭：躋身在眾多逐夢的奮斗者中，你可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己很難求得一個立足之地。盡管就業(yè)需求疲軟，移民改革停滯，但只要不試圖非法入境而且不去南部，美國對于工程師或者科技行業(yè)從業(yè)者來說仍不失為最棒的去處之一。

[11] census人口普查。

[12] striver奮斗者。

[13] foothold（可以此發(fā)展或取得成功的）立足點。

[14] stall使停止。

Yes, crime rates are higher than in countries like Canada or Australia. And the safest city in the USA? Plano, Texas according to recent statistics. What to say about education? America has an overwhelmingly[15] diverse amount of options to choose from when deciding where to study. However, the gaps are huge between the top achievers and those that struggle to stay in school.

美國的犯罪率確實比加拿大和澳大利亞等國家要高。至于美國哪座城市最安全？最新數(shù)據(jù)顯示，當(dāng)屬得克薩斯州的普萊諾。關(guān)于教育有什么需要談一談的？美國學(xué)校多得讓人挑花眼，但對于學(xué)優(yōu)生和學(xué)困生來說，情況可是天差地別。

[15] overwhelmingly壓倒性地；可觀地。

America has an incredibly complex tax system that begs for expert advice, or good tax software, to help you navigate it. Right now top marginal rates[16]for personal income tax are high at 39.6%. In the mid-fifties America’s Motto changed from “E Pluribus Unum”–which is Latin for “Out of One, Many”–to “In God We Trust”. America’s national pastime used to be Baseball, without any doubt. That’s changed in the last few decades and Football now bests[17] Baseball for that honor.

美國有異常復(fù)雜的稅收制度，你若想摸清門道，只得咨詢專家意見或是借助不錯的稅務(wù)軟件。現(xiàn)在個人所得稅的最高邊際稅率高達39.6%。在20世紀(jì)50年代中期，美國的座右銘從E Pluribus Unum（拉丁文，意為“合眾為一”）變成了“我們信仰上帝”。美國以前的國民休閑運動無疑是棒球。但這在過去幾十年間發(fā)生了變化，如今美式橄欖球已打敗棒球贏得這一殊榮。

[16] marginal rate邊際稅率，是指增加一些收入時，增加的所納稅額同增加的收入之間的比例。

[17] best打敗，勝過。

Most immigrants to the US currently come from Mexico: over 9,000,000 of the foreign born population of the United States was born in Mexico, and that makes up the vast majority. China and the Philippines are next on the list. India and Vietnam have both provided about 1 million immigrants.

目前，移民美國的人大部分來自墨西哥：超過900萬的外裔美國人來自墨西哥，構(gòu)成了美國移民的絕大多數(shù)。中國和菲律賓位列其后。印度和越南也各自提供了大約100萬移民。

…………

3. Germany

3.德國

With a population now over 80 million and large scale immigration, it is practically a miracle that Germany has a murder rate that is lower than New Zealand, a laid back[19] island far from the turmoil[20] of Europe and the Americas. As for education, in the land that gave us Kindergarten[21], did you know that an increasing number of international students are heading to Germany to do their post-secondary studies? In English, not German. The public universities are tuition-free and as a German professor told the BBC a few years ago, “I wonder whether a Chinese student can understand us better than someone with a Yorkshire[22] accent or some strange American accent.” At private universities you will pay tuition rates closer to those in the USA. Unfortunately someone has to pay for free universities and public health care and in Germany the top marginal rate for personal taxes is 45%.

德國目前人口超過8000萬，擁有大規(guī)模的移民，其謀殺率卻低于新西蘭這個遠(yuǎn)離歐洲和美洲塵囂的方外之島，堪稱奇跡。說到教育，你可知道，這片土地不僅提供優(yōu)質(zhì)的幼兒園教育，還吸引了越來越多的國際學(xué)生前來接受高等教育——還不是德文教育而是英文教育呢！德國公立大學(xué)是免學(xué)費的。前幾年，一位德國教授告訴BBC：“我想知道，相比理解約克郡口音或者某種怪異美國口音的人，中國學(xué)生是不是更能理解我們說的。”在私立大學(xué)，你交的學(xué)費接近美國的水準(zhǔn)。不過，總要有人為免費的大學(xué)和公共醫(yī)療買單，德國個人所得稅的最高邊際稅率為45%。

[19] laid back〈非正式〉放松的。

[20] turmoil騷動；混亂。

[21] 德國幼兒園以學(xué)費低廉、混齡教育、注重玩耍及習(xí)慣培養(yǎng)而聞名。

[22] 約克郡是英格蘭東北部的一個郡。

The reputation of Germany has having a lot of Turks is true, Turks make up a gigantic[23] proportion of Germany’s foreign born population: over 1/4. Europe is the source for most of the other immigrants to Germany.

傳聞德國有很多土耳其人，那是真的。土耳其人占了德國外裔人口的很大部分，超過1/4。其余移民到德國的人中，來自歐洲的人占了大部分。

[23] gigantic巨大的，龐大的。