導(dǎo)致整隊(duì)遠(yuǎn)足者死亡的迪亞特洛夫隘口神秘事件可能剛剛被解決了

導(dǎo)致整隊(duì)遠(yuǎn)足者死亡的迪亞特洛夫隘口神秘事件可能剛剛被解決了

On January 27, 1959, a team of hikers from the Ural Polytechnic Institute in Russia set off on an expedition in the northern Ural Mountains, with the goal of reaching Gora Oterten Mountain. They never reached their destination, all perishing on the freezing slopes of Kholat Syakhl Mountain – translating to “Death Mountain” in the local indigenous Mansi language.

1959年1月27日，來(lái)自俄羅斯烏拉爾理工學(xué)院的一支徒步探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)在烏拉爾山脈北部出發(fā)，目標(biāo)是到達(dá)戈拉奧特騰山。他們從未到達(dá)目的地，所有人都死在Kholat Syakhl山冰冷的山坡上——在當(dāng)?shù)赝林髡Z(yǔ)中，Kholat Syakhl山被翻譯為“死亡山”。

Their deaths were so disturbing and mysterious that the Dyatlov Pass Incident has become infamous, with many theories swirling around the unfortunate fates of the hikers. These range from avalanches and panic-inducing sound waves to aliens, yetis, and secret military experiments. However, a new paper published in Communications Earth & Environment suggests that a rare type of slab avalanche could have been the culprit. "The truth, of course, is that no one really knows what happened that night. But we do provide strong quantitative evidence that the avalanche theory is plausible," said co-author Professor Alexander Puzrin in a statement.

他們的死亡是如此令人不安和神秘，以至于Dyatlov Pass事件變得臭名昭著，許多理論圍繞著這些徒步旅行者的不幸命運(yùn)。從雪崩、引發(fā)恐慌的聲波到外星人、雪人和秘密軍事實(shí)驗(yàn)。然而，發(fā)表在《通訊地球與環(huán)境》雜志上的一篇新論文指出，一種罕見(jiàn)的板狀雪崩可能是罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。?dāng)然，事實(shí)是沒(méi)有人真正知道那天晚上發(fā)生了什么。但我們確實(shí)提供了有力的定量證據(jù)，證明雪崩理論是可信的。”

Francesca Benson MSci

Their tent was found on February 26, 1959, cut open from within with belongings still inside. Footprints in the snow indicating they were barefoot, wearing only socks, or a single boot, led away from the tent and then disappeared.

他們的帳篷在1959年2月26日被發(fā)現(xiàn)，帳篷被從里面切開(kāi)，里面的東西還在。雪地上的腳印表明他們光著腳，只穿襪子或一只靴子，離開(kāi)了帳篷，然后消失了。

The first two bodies were found on February 27, under a cedar tree by the remnants of a fire. The hikers had suffered burns, and one of them had bitten off his own knuckle. They were barefoot, only wearing underwear. The remains of three others were found between this site and the tent, frozen in poses implying that they were trying to return to camp. On May 4, almost three months later, the last four bodies were found in a ravine around 75 meters (246 feet) from the tree, under 4 meters (13 feet) of snow. Two had their eyes missing, one had no eyebrows, and one had had their tongue ripped out.

最初的兩具尸體是在2月27日被發(fā)現(xiàn)的，地點(diǎn)是一棵雪松樹(shù)下，大火的余燼旁。這兩名登山者都被燒傷了，其中一人還咬掉了自己的指關(guān)節(jié)。他們光著腳，只穿了內(nèi)衣。在這個(gè)地點(diǎn)和帳篷之間發(fā)現(xiàn)了另外三個(gè)人的遺體，他們的姿勢(shì)僵硬，表明他們正試圖返回營(yíng)地。大約三個(gè)月后的5月4日，最后四具尸體在離樹(shù)75米(246英尺)的峽谷中被發(fā)現(xiàn)，被雪覆蓋了4米(13英尺)。有兩個(gè)眼睛不見(jiàn)了，一個(gè)沒(méi)有眉毛，還有一個(gè)舌頭被拔了出來(lái)。

The question is, why did these very experienced hikers flee their tent so ill-equipped to survive? Some people blame aliens. Strange lights were seen in the sky around the time of the incident, and some of the hiker’s clothes inexplicably had traces of radiation on them. These factors have also led some to believe that the deaths were a result of a secret military or KGB operation. Others theorize that a Kármán vortex street caused panic attacks in the hikers. This is a pattern of wind that generates low-frequency waves of sound and could cause unpleasant psychological effects. Other sources – including a 2014 Discovery Channel documentary – claim a murderous yeti killed the hikers. A photo from a hiker’s camera, supposedly of a yeti but probably of someone in snow gear, has helped fuel this theory.

問(wèn)題是，為什么這些經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的徒步旅行者要逃離裝備如此簡(jiǎn)陋的帳篷來(lái)生存?有些人指責(zé)外星人。事故發(fā)生時(shí)，天空中出現(xiàn)了奇怪的光，令人費(fèi)解的是，登山者的一些衣服上有輻射痕跡。這些因素也使一些人認(rèn)為這些死亡是秘密軍事行動(dòng)或克格勃行動(dòng)的結(jié)果。另一些人推測(cè)是Kármán漩渦街引起了徒步旅行者的恐慌襲擊。這是一種風(fēng)的模式，它會(huì)產(chǎn)生低頻聲波，并可能造成令人不快的心理影響。其他消息來(lái)源——包括探索頻道2014年的紀(jì)錄片——聲稱是一個(gè)兇殘的雪人殺害了這些徒步旅行者。一名徒步旅行者的相機(jī)拍下了一張照片，據(jù)說(shuō)是雪人，但很可能是一個(gè)穿著雪地裝備的人，這幫助證實(shí)了這一理論。

Did this creature stalk and kill the 9 victims of the #dyatlovpass incident? Photo found on a victim's camera.

這個(gè)生物是否跟蹤并殺死了#dyatlovpass事件的9名受害者?可以在受害者的相機(jī)里找到照片。

The avalanche theory is the least far-fetched, but there are many points that contradict it. Firstly, the rescue team didn’t find any evidence of an avalanche at the scene of the incident, and the angle of the slope above was not steep enough for a typical avalanche. The injuries to the hiker’s chests and skulls were also unusual for the victims of an avalanche.

雪崩理論是最不牽強(qiáng)的，但有許多觀點(diǎn)與之相悖。首先，救援隊(duì)在事故現(xiàn)場(chǎng)沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)任何雪崩的證據(jù)，而且上面的斜坡角度也不夠陡，不適合發(fā)生典型的雪崩。對(duì)雪崩受害者來(lái)說(shuō)，這名徒步旅行者的胸部和頭骨受傷也不常見(jiàn)。

“Previous investigators have been unable to explain how, in the absence of any snowfall that evening, an avalanche could have been triggered in the middle of the night. We had to come up with a new theory to explain it,” said co-author Professor Johan Gaume. “We use data on snow friction and local topography to prove that a small slab avalanche could occur on a gentle slope, leaving few traces behind.”

“之前的調(diào)查人員一直無(wú)法解釋，在那天晚上沒(méi)有降雪的情況下，怎么會(huì)在半夜觸發(fā)雪崩。我們必須提出新的理論來(lái)解釋這一現(xiàn)象。“我們使用雪摩擦和當(dāng)?shù)氐匦蔚臄?shù)據(jù)來(lái)證明，小型板狀雪崩可能會(huì)發(fā)生在緩坡上，幾乎不會(huì)留下痕跡。”

The hikers carved out a section of the slope to pitch their tent. “That was the initial trigger, but that alone wouldn't have been enough,” said Professor Puzrin. “The katabatic wind probably drifted the snow and allowed an extra load to build up slowly. At a certain point, a crack could have formed and propagated, causing the snow slab to release.”

徒步旅行者在斜坡上鑿出一段來(lái)搭帳篷。普茲林教授說(shuō):“這是最初的觸發(fā)因素，但僅憑這一點(diǎn)還不夠。”“重力風(fēng)可能使雪漂移，讓額外的負(fù)荷慢慢積累起來(lái)。在某一點(diǎn)上，裂縫可能已經(jīng)形成并擴(kuò)展，導(dǎo)致雪板釋放。”