秋季的大學(xué)可能會有6種不同的面貌

秋季的大學(xué)可能會有6種不同的面貌

What will happen on college campuses in the fall? It's a big question for families, students and the schools themselves.

秋天的大學(xué)校園里會發(fā)生什么?這對家庭、學(xué)生和學(xué)校本身都是一個大問題。

A lot of what happens depends on factors outside the control of individual schools: Will there be more testing? Contact tracing? Enough physical space for distancing? Will the coronavirus have a second wave? Will any given state allow campuses to reopen?

很多情況都取決于學(xué)校自身無法控制的因素:會有更多的考試嗎?接觸者追蹤嗎?有足夠的物理空間來保持距離嗎?冠狀病毒會出現(xiàn)第二波嗎?有哪個州會允許校園重新開放嗎?

For all of these questions, it's really too early to know the answers. But one thing is clear: Life, and learning for the nation's 20 million students in higher education, will be different.

對于所有這些問題，現(xiàn)在知道答案還為時過早。但有一件事是明確的:全國兩千萬接受高等教育的學(xué)生的生活和學(xué)習(xí)將會不同。

"I don't think there's any scenario under which it's business as usual on American college campuses in the fall," says Nicholas Christakis, a sociologist and physician at Yale University.

耶魯大學(xué)的社會學(xué)家和醫(yī)生尼古拉斯·克里斯塔基斯說:“我不認為美國大學(xué)在秋季會像往常一樣。”

So why are so many colleges announcing they will be back on campus in the fall?

那么，為什么有那么多大學(xué)宣布他們將在秋季重返校園呢?

In many cases, it's because they're still trying to woo students. A survey of college presidents found their most pressing concern right now is summer and fall enrollment. Even elite schools, typically more stable when it comes to enrollment, have reportedly been tapping their waitlists.

在很多情況下，這是因為他們?nèi)匀辉噲D吸引學(xué)生。一項針對大學(xué)校長的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們目前最緊迫的問題是夏秋兩季的入學(xué)人數(shù)。據(jù)報道，就連招生情況通常較為穩(wěn)定的精英學(xué)校，也在排隊等候。

Here are some potential scenarios for reopening colleges and universities:

重新開放大學(xué)和學(xué)院可能出現(xiàn)的一些情況如下:

All virtual

一切變成虛擬形式

Perhaps the most obvious option for the fall is to continue doing what they've been doing this spring. Colleges have signaled that they're planning for this option — even if it's a last resort. California State University, Fullerton, was one of the first to announce publicly it was planning for a fall semester online.

也許秋天最明顯的選擇就是繼續(xù)他們今年春天一直在做的事情。大學(xué)已經(jīng)發(fā)出信號，他們正在計劃這個選擇——即使這是最后的手段。加州州立大學(xué)富勒頓分校是最早在網(wǎng)上公開宣布秋季學(xué)期計劃的大學(xué)之一。

Delayed start

推遲開學(xué)

A delay in the semester would allow a school to wait it out until it was safer to reopen. One option is to push back a month or two, starting in October or November. Another idea is to push a normal start to January. In that case, the spring semester would become the fall semester, and potentially students could stay on campus through next summer to make up the spring semester.

如果學(xué)期推遲，學(xué)校就可以等到更安全的時候再開學(xué)。一種選擇是推遲一兩個月，從10月或11月開始。另一個想法是將正常的開始時間推遲到一月份。在這種情況下，春季學(xué)期就會變成秋季學(xué)期，學(xué)生們可能會留在校園待到明年夏天，以彌補春季學(xué)期的不足。

Some online, some face-to-face

有些(課程)在網(wǎng)上，有些面對面

This would be a hybrid model, with a combination of virtual and in-person classes. It may be a good choice for campuses that don't have enough classrooms to allow adjusting face-to-face teaching to the requirements of social distancing.

這將是一個混合模式，結(jié)合虛擬和面對面課程。對于沒有足夠教室的校園來說，這可能是一個很好的選擇，以適應(yīng)社會距離的要求，面對面教學(xué)。

Shortened blocks

縮短的分塊學(xué)習(xí)

In block scheduling, students take just one course at a time for a shorter duration, typically three or four weeks. Colorado College, a liberal arts school south of Denver, has been using this model for 50 years. The college adopted this style of classes because "it allows [students] to take a deep dive and really focus in unique ways on the single subject," says Alan Townsend, the provost there.

在分塊時間安排中，學(xué)生一次只上一門課，時間較短，通常為三到四周?？屏_拉多學(xué)院，丹佛南部的一所文科學(xué)校，已經(jīng)使用這種模式50年了。該校教務(wù)長艾倫·湯森說，學(xué)院采用這種教學(xué)方式是因為“它讓學(xué)生們能夠深入研究，真正以獨特的方式專注于單一學(xué)科。”

Only some on campus

只有部分學(xué)生在校學(xué)習(xí)

Some colleges have suggested bringing only freshmen back to campus and having upperclassmen either delay their start, or be online and remote.

一些大學(xué)建議只招收新生回校，讓高年級學(xué)生推遲開學(xué)時間，或者上網(wǎng)遠程學(xué)習(xí)。

On campus, with some changes

在校時，作出一些改變

"Every school is trying to figure out a way to have students come back and do whatever we can while also protecting public health," says Learning Innovation co-author Joshua Kim, director of online programs and strategy at Dartmouth College.

“每一所學(xué)校都在試圖找到一種方法，讓學(xué)生們返校，在保護公眾健康的同時盡我們所能，”《學(xué)習(xí)創(chuàng)新》的合著者約書亞·金說，他是達特茅斯學(xué)院在線項目和策略的主管。

To follow social distancing, professors are measuring their classrooms, calculating how many students could fit in the space if they were 6 feet apart. Deans are planning out how students could enter and exit the classrooms safely.

為了遵守社交距離，教授們正在測量他們的教室，計算如果在教室要保持6英尺的距離，能容納多少學(xué)生。院長們正在計劃學(xué)生們?nèi)绾伟踩M出教室。