如果你是女性 ,你可以選擇不結(jié)婚
我們可能會有點(diǎn)懷疑,但這種說法目前已經(jīng)得到了科學(xué)的證實(shí):未婚未育的女性是幸福感最高的群體.
And they are more likely to live longer than their married andchild-rearing peers, according to a leading expert in happiness.
研究幸福方面的知名專家表示,他們很可能比已婚已育的同齡人更長壽.
Speaking at the Hay Festival, Paul Dolan, a professor of behavioral scienceat the London School of Economics, said the latest evidence showed that thetraditional markers used to measure success did not correlate with happiness -particularly marriage and raising children.
倫敦政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院行為科學(xué)教授保羅·多蘭,在海伊文化節(jié)上發(fā)表演講稱,最新研究表明傳統(tǒng)意義上用來衡量成功的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(特別是婚姻與育兒)實(shí)際上與幸福并不相關(guān).
"Married people are happier than other population subgroups, but only whentheir spouse is in the room when they're asked how happy they are. When thespouse is not present: it's miserable," he said.
他說:"已婚人士比其他人群更幸福,但這僅限于被提問時,他們的配偶在場.當(dāng)配偶不在場時,答案就很悲慘了."
"We do have some good longitudinal data following the same people overtime, but I am going to do a massive disservice to that science and just say: ifyou're a man, you should probably get married; if you're a woman, don'tbother."
"我們長期做跟蹤調(diào)查,確實(shí)得到一些良好的縱向數(shù)據(jù),但我還是愿意說:如果你是男性,你可能應(yīng)該選擇結(jié)婚;如果你是女性 ,你可以選擇不結(jié)婚."
Men benefited from marriage because they "calmed down", he said.
他說,男性是從婚姻中受益的群體,因為他們可以"平靜下來了".
"You take less risks, you earn more money at work, and you live a littlelonger. She, on the other hand, has to put up with that, and dies sooner than ifshe never married. The healthiest and happiest population subgroup are women whonever married or had children," he said.
他表示:"男性承擔(dān)的風(fēng)險較低,工作收入更高,也會活得長一點(diǎn).另一方面,女性必須忍受現(xiàn)狀.假如她從未結(jié)婚,她會活得比現(xiàn)在長一些.最健康、最幸福的群體是從未結(jié)婚或從未生過孩子的女性."
Dolan's latest book, Happy Ever After, cites evidence from the AmericanTime Use Survey (ATUS), which compared levels of pleasure and misery inunmarried, married, divorced, separated and widowed individuals.
多蘭的新作《從此永遠(yuǎn)幸?？鞓贰?引用了美國人時間使用調(diào)查的證據(jù),該調(diào)查比較了未婚、已婚、離婚、分居和喪偶的個體感受到的幸福及痛苦程度.
The study found that levels of happiness reported by those who were marriedwas higher than the unmarried, but only when their spouse was in the room.
該研究發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)已婚人士的配偶在場時,他們回答的幸福水平高于未婚者.
Unmarried individuals reported lower levels of misery than marriedindividuals who were asked when their spouse was not present.
單身人士的痛苦程度要低于提問時配偶不在現(xiàn)場的已婚人士.
Other studies have measured some financial and health benefits in beingmarried for both men and women on average, which Dolan said could be attributedtohigher incomes and emotional support, allowing married people to take risksand seek medical help.
其它研究表明,平均而言,結(jié)婚可以使男性和女性獲得一些財務(wù)和健康福利.而多蘭表示,這可能要?dú)w功于更高的收入和情感支持,可以讓已婚人士承擔(dān)風(fēng)險并尋求醫(yī)療幫助.
However, Dolan said men showed more health benefits from tying the knot, asthey took fewer risks. Women's health was mostly unaffected by marriage,withmiddle-aged married women even being at higher risk of physical and mentalconditions than their single counterparts.
然而,多蘭表示,結(jié)婚給男性帶來的健康好處更多,因為他們承擔(dān)的風(fēng)險較小.婚姻并沒有改變多數(shù)女性的健康狀況.中年已婚女性的身體和精神狀況風(fēng)險甚至高于單身同齡女性.
tie the knot:結(jié)婚Despite the benefits of a single, childless lifestyle for women, Dolan saidthat the existing narrative that marriage and children were signs of successmeant that the stigma could lead some single women to feel unhappy.
盡管未婚未育這種生活方式可以給女性帶來一些好處,但多蘭認(rèn)為,當(dāng)下大眾常常以婚姻和孩子作為判斷女性成功與否的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),這種污名可能會讓一些單身女性感到不快樂.
"You see a single woman of 40, who has never had children - 'Bless, that'sa shame, isn't it? Maybe one day you'll meet the right guy and that'llchange.'"
"當(dāng)你看到一個40歲的女人,沒有結(jié)婚,也沒有孩子時,你會想 -- '天哪,真是可惜!也許有一天你會遇到那個對的人,一切都會好起來的.'"
"No, maybe she'll meet the wrong guy and that'll change. Maybe she'll meeta guy who makes her less happy and healthy, and die sooner."
"不,也有可能她會遇到一個錯的人,情況會變得很糟糕.也許她會遇到一個帶給她煩惱和憂慮的人,讓她的身體健康每況愈下,進(jìn)而英年早逝."
