地中海飲食被評(píng)為2020年最佳飲食

地中海飲食被評(píng)為2020年最佳飲食

For the third consecutive year, U.S. News & World Report has named the Mediterranean diet the best overall diet. Not only did the diet grab the top spot, it also ranked No. 1 in the following categories: best diet for healthy eating, easiest diet to follow, best diet for diabetes and best plant-based diet.

《美國(guó)新聞與世界報(bào)道》 連續(xù)第三年將地中海式飲食評(píng)為最佳整體飲食。它不僅占據(jù)了榜首，還在以下幾個(gè)方面排名第一:最佳健康飲食、最容易遵循的飲食、最佳糖尿病飲食和最佳植物性飲食。

The Mediterranean diet is heavy on fruits, vegetables and olive oil. (Photo: Marian Weyo/Shutterstock)

Now in its tenth year, the report ranked 35 diets on everything from weight loss, managing diabetes and heart disease, nutritional completeness, safety and how easy they are to follow.

今年是該報(bào)告發(fā)布的第10個(gè)年頭，它對(duì)35種飲食進(jìn)行了排名，包括從減肥、控制糖尿病和心臟病、營(yíng)養(yǎng)完整性、安全性到遵循的難易程度等各個(gè)方面。

Named for the countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea whose residents live longer and are healthier than most Americans, the Mediterranean diet is high in fruits and vegetables, nuts and legumes, seafood and olive oil, but low in red meat, sugar and saturated fat.

地中海飲食以地中海沿岸國(guó)家命名，這些國(guó)家的居民比大多數(shù)美國(guó)人更長(zhǎng)壽、更健康。地中海飲食以水果和蔬菜、堅(jiān)果和豆類、海鮮和橄欖油為主，但紅肉、糖和飽和脂肪含量較低。

"The hallmarks of a 'best' diet include balance, maintainability, palatability, family-friendliness, sustainability, along with healthfulness. The Mediterranean diet gets checkmarks in all of those boxes," Yale University Prevention Research Center founding director Dr. David Katz, who was one of 25 judges on the U.S. News and World Report panel, told CNN.

“‘最佳’飲食的特征包括平衡、可維護(hù)性、適口性、家庭友好性、可持續(xù)性和健康。耶魯大學(xué)預(yù)防研究中心的創(chuàng)始主任大衛(wèi)·卡茨博士是美國(guó)新聞與世界報(bào)道小組的25名評(píng)委之一，他告訴CNN。

Tied for second overall is the DASH diet and the flexitarian diet. DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) was originally created to help patients lower blood pressure without medication. To that end, it encourages a diet heavy on fruits and vegetables, whole grains, lean meats and low-fat dairy, and less on processed sugars, red meat and other saturated fats. The flexitarian is a mostly vegetarian diet with a goal to lower disease risk.

并列第二的是DASH飲食和彈性飲食。DASH(通過(guò)飲食來(lái)控制高血壓)最初是為了幫助患者在不服藥的情況下降低血壓而發(fā)明的。為此，它鼓勵(lì)人們多吃水果和蔬菜、全谷物、瘦肉和低脂奶制品，少吃加工過(guò)的糖、紅肉和其他飽和脂肪。彈性素食者是一種以降低疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)為目標(biāo)的素食者。

Hitting the bottom of the rankings were the Dukan, keto and Whole30 diets, which experts faulted for both their restrictive nature, difficulty to follow, and lack of studies to back up claims.

排在末位的是Dukan、keto和Whole30飲食法，專家們認(rèn)為這三種飲食法的局限性、難以遵循以及缺乏研究支持。

"Whether you're trying to lose weight or improve heart health, diets are not one size fits all. The 2020 Best Diets rankings provide consumers with the information and data needed to make an informed decision that helps them – along with input from their doctor or other medical professional – choose the plan that's best for them," Angela Haupt, managing editor of health at U.S. News, said in a press release. "The in-depth coverage of diets empowers consumers to narrow down the options and make a choice that reflects their lifestyle, personal preferences and overall goal."

“無(wú)論你是想減肥還是改善心臟健康，飲食都不是萬(wàn)能的。2020年最佳飲食排名為消費(fèi)者提供所需的信息和數(shù)據(jù),幫助他們作出明智的決策,隨著輸入從他們的醫(yī)生或其他醫(yī)療專業(yè),選擇最好的計(jì)劃,”安吉拉•Haupt衛(wèi)生在美國(guó)新聞主編,在一次新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上說(shuō)。“對(duì)飲食的深入報(bào)道使消費(fèi)者能夠縮小選擇范圍，做出反映他們的生活方式、個(gè)人偏好和總體目標(biāo)的選擇。”